1
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Olivier A, Desgagnés A, Mercier E, Iliuta MC. New Insights on Catalytic Valorization of Carbon Dioxide by Conventional and Intensified Processes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Olivier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laval University, Québec, G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Alex Desgagnés
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laval University, Québec, G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Etienne Mercier
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laval University, Québec, G1 V 0A6, Canada
| | - Maria C. Iliuta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Laval University, Québec, G1 V 0A6, Canada
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2
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Two-Step Conversion of CO2 to Light Olefins: Laboratory-Scale Demonstration and Scale-Up Considerations. CHEMENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering6060096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The highly selective production of light olefins from CO2 was demonstrated for the first time with a laboratory-scale process comprising consecutive reverse water gas shift (RWGS) and Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reactors. The RWGS reaction, catalyzed by rhodium washcoated catalyst at 850 °C yielded good quality syngas with conversion values close to the thermodynamic equilibrium and without experiencing catalyst deactivation from carbon formation or sintering. For the FT synthesis, a packed bed Fe-Na-S/α-Al2O3 catalyst was used. The highest light olefin selectivity observed for the FT-synthesis was 52% at 310 °C, GHSV of 2250 h−1 and H2/CO ratio of 1. However, the optimal conditions for the light olefin production were determined to be at 340 °C, a GHSV of 3400 h−1 and a H2/CO ratio of 2, as the CO conversion was markedly higher, while the light olefin selectivity remained at a suitably high level. In addition to the experimental results, considerations for the further optimization and development of the system are presented. The combined RWGS–FT process seems to work reasonably well, and initial data for basic process design and modeling were produced.
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3
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Mollo-Varillas VR, Bougie F, Iliuta MC. Selective adsorption of water vapor in the presence of carbon dioxide on hydrophilic zeolites at high temperatures. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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4
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Xia M, Mao C, Gu A, Tountas AA, Qiu C, Wood TE, Li YF, Ulmer U, Xu Y, Viasus CJ, Ye J, Qian C, Ozin G. Solar Urea: Towards a Sustainable Fertilizer Industry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meikun Xia
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Chengliang Mao
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Alan Gu
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Athanasios A. Tountas
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College Street Toronto Ontario M5S 3E4 Canada
| | - Thomas E. Wood
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Young Feng Li
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Ulrich Ulmer
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Camilo J. Viasus
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Jessica Ye
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
| | - Chenxi Qian
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA 91125 USA
| | - Geoffrey Ozin
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George Street Toronto Ontario M5S3H6 Canada
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5
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Xia M, Mao C, Gu A, Tountas AA, Qiu C, Wood TE, Li YF, Ulmer U, Xu Y, Viasus CJ, Ye J, Qian C, Ozin G. Solar Urea: Towards a Sustainable Fertilizer Industry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202110158. [PMID: 34734453 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Urea, an agricultural fertilizer, nourishes humanity. The century-old Bosch-Meiser process provides the world's urea. It is multi-step, consumes enormous amounts of non-renewable energy, and has a large CO2 footprint. Thus, developing an eco-friendly synthesis for urea is a priority. Herein we report a single-step Pd/LTA-3A catalyzed synthesis of urea from CO2 and NH3 under ambient conditions powered solely by solar energy. Pd nanoparticles serve the dual function of catalyzing the dissociation of NH3 and providing the photothermal driving force for urea formation, while the absorption capacity of LTA-3A removes by-product H2 O to shift the equilibrium towards urea production. The solar urea conversion rate from NH3 and CO2 is 87 μmol g-1 h-1 . This advance represents a first step towards the use of solar energy in urea production. It provides insights into green fertilizer production, and inspires the vision of sustainable, modular plants for distributed production of urea on farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meikun Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Chengliang Mao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada.,Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental & Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Alan Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Athanasios A Tountas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Chenyue Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 184 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Thomas E Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Young Feng Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Ulrich Ulmer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Yangfan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Camilo J Viasus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Jessica Ye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
| | - Chenxi Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Geoffrey Ozin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3H6, Canada
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6
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Tahraoui Z, Nouali H, Marichal C, Forler P, Klein J, Daou TJ. Zeolite-Polymer Composite Materials as Water Scavenger. Molecules 2021; 26:4815. [PMID: 34443403 PMCID: PMC8398656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the charge compensating cation nature (Na+, Mg2+) on the water adsorption properties of LTA-type zeolites used as filler in composite materials (zeolite/polymers) was investigated. Large scale cation exchanges were performed on zeolite powder at 80 °C for 2 h using 1 M magnesium chloride (MgCl2) aqueous solutions. XRF, ICP, and EDX analyses indicate a successful cationic exchange process without the modification of the zeolite structure as shown by XRD and solid-state NMR analyses. Composite materials (granulates and molded parts) were manufactured using to extrusion and injection processes. In the case of MgA zeolite, nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments allowed us to measure a microporous volume, unlike NaA zeolite, which is non-porous to nitrogen probe molecule. SEM and EDX analyses highlighted the homogeneous distribution of zeolite crystals into the polymer matrix. Water adsorption capacities confirmed that the trends observed in the zeolite powder samples are preserved after dragging zeolites into composite formulations. Granulates and molded parts composite samples containing the magnesium exchanged zeolite showed an increase of their water adsorption capacity up to +27% in comparison to composite samples containing the non-exchanged zeolite. The MgA composite is more promising for water decontamination applications due to its higher water adsorption properties than the NaA composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Tahraoui
- IS2M (Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR 7361), Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 Rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Habiba Nouali
- IS2M (Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR 7361), Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Marichal
- IS2M (Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR 7361), Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Forler
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 Rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Julien Klein
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 Rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - T. Jean Daou
- IS2M (Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse, UMR 7361), Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, 68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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7
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Gong Y, Chen C, Lively RP, Walton KS. Humid Ethylene/Ethane Separation on Ethylene-Selective Materials. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Gong
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Carmen Chen
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Ryan P. Lively
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Krista S. Walton
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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8
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Pieterse JAZ, Elzinga GD, Booneveld S, van Kampen J, Boon J. Reactive Water Sorbents for the Sorption-Enhanced Reverse Water–Gas Shift. Catal Letters 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Dobladez JAD, Maté VIÁ, Torrellas SÁ, Larriba M, Pascual Muñoz G, Alberola Sánchez R. Comparative simulation study of methanol production by CO2 hydrogenation with 3A, 4A and 5A zeolites as adsorbents in a PSA reactor. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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van Kampen J, Boon J, Vente J, van Sint Annaland M. Sorption enhanced dimethyl ether synthesis under industrially relevant conditions: experimental validation of pressure swing regeneration. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00431f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High single-pass production of dimethyl ether from CO2-rich feedstock is demonstrated by pressure swing regeneration, allowing enormous increase in productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper van Kampen
- Sustainable Technologies for Industrial Processes
- TNO Energy Transition
- 1755 ZG Petten
- The Netherlands
- Chemical Process Intensification
| | - Jurriaan Boon
- Sustainable Technologies for Industrial Processes
- TNO Energy Transition
- 1755 ZG Petten
- The Netherlands
- Chemical Process Intensification
| | - Jaap Vente
- Sustainable Technologies for Industrial Processes
- TNO Energy Transition
- 1755 ZG Petten
- The Netherlands
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11
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van Kampen J, Boon J, van Sint Annaland M. Steam adsorption on molecular sieve 3A for sorption enhanced reaction processes. ADSORPTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10450-020-00283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSteam adsorption enhanced reaction processes are a promising process intensification for many types of reactions, where water is formed as a byproduct. To assess the potential of these processes, adequate models are required that accurately describe water adsorption, particularly under the desired elevated temperatures and pressures. In this work, an adsorption isotherm is presented for H2O adsorption at 200–350 °C and 0.05–4.5 bar partial pressure on molecular sieve (LTA) 3A. The isotherm has been developed on the basis of experimental data obtained from a thermogravimetric analysis and integrated breakthrough curves. The experimental data at lower steam partial pressures can be described with a Generalized Statistical Thermodynamic Adsorption (GSTA) isotherm, whereas at higher steam partial pressures the experimental data can be adequately captured by capillary condensation. Based on the characteristics of the adsorbent particles, a linear driving force relation has been derived for the adsorption mass transfer rate and the apparent micropore diffusivity is determined. The isotherm and mass transport model presented here prove to be adequate for modelling and improved evaluation of steam adsorption enhanced reaction processes.
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12
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Huang W, Zhang X, Yang AC, Goodman ED, Kao KC, Cargnello M. Enhanced Catalytic Activity for Methane Combustion through in Situ Water Sorption. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - An-Chih Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Emmett D. Goodman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Kun-Che Kao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Matteo Cargnello
- Department of Chemical Engineering and SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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13
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Tahraoui Z, Nouali H, Marichal C, Forler P, Klein J, Daou TJ. Influence of the Compensating Cation Nature on the Water Adsorption Properties of Zeolites. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040944. [PMID: 32093246 PMCID: PMC7070582 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the compensating cation (Na+, Li+, Mg2+) nature on the water adsorption properties of LTA and FAU-type zeolites was investigated. Cation exchanges were performed at 80 °C for 2 h using 1 M aqueous solutions of lithium chloride (LiCl) or magnesium chloride (MgCl2). XRF and ICP-OES analyses indicate that the cation exchange yields reach values between 59 to 89% depending on the number of exchange cycles and the nature of the zeolite and cation, while both zeolites structures are preserved during the process, as shown by XRD and solid state NMR analyses. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments indicate a higher available microporous volume when sodium cations are replaced by smaller monovalent lithium cations or by divalent magnesium cations because twice less cations are needed compared to monovalent cations. Up to 15% of gain in the available microporous volume is obtained for FAU-type zeolites exchanged with magnesium cation. This improvement facilitates the adsorption of water with an increase in the water uptake up to 30% for the LTA and FAU type zeolites exchanged with magnesium. These exchanged zeolites are promising for uses in water decontamination because a smaller amount is needed to trap the same amount of water compared to their sodium counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakaria Tahraoui
- Department Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-Les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Habiba Nouali
- Department Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Marichal
- Department Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrice Forler
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-Les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - Julien Klein
- APTAR CSP Technologies, 9 rue de Sandholz, 67110 Niederbronn-Les Bains, France; (P.F.); (J.K.)
| | - T. Jean Daou
- Department Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse IS2M, Université de Haute Alsace (UHA), CNRS, UMR 7361, F-68100 Mulhouse, France; (Z.T.); (H.N.); (C.M.)
- Université de Strasbourg, 67081 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-8933-6739
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Cui X, Kær SK. Thermodynamic Analyses of a Moderate-Temperature Process of Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol via Reverse Water–Gas Shift with In Situ Water Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoti Cui
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren K. Kær
- Department of Energy Technology, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark
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15
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Arora A, Iyer SS, Bajaj I, Hasan MMF. Optimal Methanol Production via Sorption-Enhanced Reaction Process. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b02543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Arora
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - Shachit S. Iyer
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - Ishan Bajaj
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
| | - M. M. Faruque Hasan
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, United States
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16
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Larachi F, Garnier A. Preface of the 66 thCanadian Chemical Engineering Conference: “Sustainability and Prosperity”. CAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faïçal Larachi
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Université Laval; Québec QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Alain Garnier
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Université Laval; Québec QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
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