1
|
Liang Q, Zhang D, He T, Zhang Z, Wang H, Chen S, Lee C. Fiber-Based Noncontact Sensor with Stretchability for Underwater Wearable Sensing and VR Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:600-611. [PMID: 38126347 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of artificial intelligent wearable devices has led to an increasing need for seamless information exchange between humans, machines, and virtual spaces, often relying on touch sensors as the primary interaction medium. Additionally, the demand for underwater detection technologies is on the rise owing to the prevalent wet and submerged environment. Here, a fiber-based capacitive sensor with superior stretchability and hydrophobicity is proposed, designed to cater to noncontact and underwater applications. The sensor is constructed using bacterial cellulose (BC)@BC/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (BBT) helical fiber as the matrix and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the hydrophobic modified agent, forming a hydrophobic silylated BC@BC/CNT (SBBT) helical fiber by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique. These fibers exhibit an impressive contact angle of 132.8°. The SBBT helicalfiber-based capacitive sensor presents capabilities for both noncontact and underwater sensing, which exhibits a significant capacitance change of -0.27 (at a distance of 0.5 cm). We have achieved interactive control between real space and virtual space through intelligent data analysis technology with minimal interference from the presence of water. This work has laid a solid foundation of noncontact sensing with attributes such as degradability, stretchability, and hydrophobicity. Moreover, it offers promising solutions for barrier-free communication in virtual reality (VR) and underwater applications, providing avenues for smart human-machine interfaces for submerged use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Tianyiyi He
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Abidi N, Lucia L, Chabi S, Denny CT, Parajuli P, Rumi SS. Cellulose/nanocellulose superabsorbent hydrogels as a sustainable platform for materials applications: A mini-review and perspective. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 299:120140. [PMID: 36876763 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Superabsorbent hydrogels (SAH) are crosslinked three-dimensional networks distinguished by their super capacity to stabilize a large quantity of water without dissolving. Such behavior enables them to engage in various applications. Cellulose and its derived nanocellulose can become SAHs as an appealing, versatile, and sustainable platform because of abundance, biodegradability, and renewability compared to petroleum-based materials. In this review, a synthetic strategy that reflects starting cellulosic resources to their associated synthons, crosslinking types, and synthetic controlling factors was highlighted. Representative examples of cellulose and nanocellulose SAH and an in-depth discussion of structure-absorption relationships were listed. Finally, various applications of cellulose and nanocellulose SAH, challenges and existing problems, and proposed future research pathways were listed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Soil and Plant Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Department of Forest Biomaterials, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Noureddine Abidi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Soil and Plant Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA.
| | - Lucian Lucia
- Department of Forest Biomaterials, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Chemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Sakineh Chabi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Christian T Denny
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Prakash Parajuli
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Soil and Plant Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Shaida Sultana Rumi
- Fiber and Biopolymer Research Institute, Department of Soil and Plant Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rosli NA, Khairudin FA, Kargarzadeh H, Othaman R, Ahmad I. Hydrophobic-oleophilic gamma-irradiated modified cellulose nanocrystal/gelatin aerogel for oil absorption. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 219:213-223. [PMID: 35907460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This study highlights the potential use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) from kenaf fiber as a dominant phase for aerogel application. CNCs were modified with methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) using the sol-gel method and bound with gamma-irradiated cross-linked gelatin. The properties of the aerogel were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and water contact angle (WCA). Compression and oil absorption tests were performed to study the aerogels' mechanical and oil absorption properties. A decrease in the OH peak and improved hydrophobicity of CNCs in CNC-MTMS suggested the successful grafting of MTMS onto CNCs, as shown in the FTIR and WCA analyses. Several absorption peaks in the FTIR spectrum shifted, disappeared, or reduced, implying a formation of crosslink between gelatin molecules and hydrogen bonding between CNC and gelatin. FESEM micrographs showed well-organized pores in the gamma-irradiated aerogel, which contribute to increased compressive strength. The oil absorption test indicated that gamma-irradiated CNC-MTMS/gelatin could be a good oil absorbent. Furthermore, this aerogel showed good reusability, where only 4 % of crude oil absorption reduction occurred by the eighth cycle. The combined properties of these aerogel materials can provide good mechanical and oil absorption performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Afizah Rosli
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fauzul Azim Khairudin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hanieh Kargarzadeh
- Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rizafizah Othaman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishak Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ghasemlou M, Le PH, Daver F, Murdoch BJ, Ivanova EP, Adhikari B. Robust and Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Starch Nanohybrid Materials with Engineered Lotus Leaf Mimetic Multiscale Hierarchical Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36558-36573. [PMID: 34284587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of superhydrophobic surfaces in a broad range of applications is receiving a great deal of attention due to their numerous functionalities. However, fabricating these surfaces using low-cost raw materials through green and fluorine-free routes has been a bottleneck in their industrial deployment. This work presents a facile and environmentally friendly strategy to prepare mechanically robust superhydrophobic surfaces with engineered lotus leaf mimetic multiscale hierarchical structures via a hybrid route combining soft imprinting and spin-coating. Direct soft-imprinting lithography onto starch/polyhydroxyurethane/cellulose nanocrystal (SPC) films formed micro-scaled features resembling the pillar architecture of lotus leaf. Spin-coating was then used to assemble a thin layer of low-surface-energy poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) over these microstructures. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were grafted with vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) to form functional silica nanoparticles (V-SNPs) and subsequently used for the fabrication of superhydrophobic coatings. A further modification of PDMS@SPC film with V-SNPs enabled the interlocking of V-SNPs microparticles within the cross-linked PDMS network. The simultaneous introduction of hierarchical microscale surface topography, the low surface tension of the PDMS layer, and the nanoscale roughness induced by V-SNPs contributed to the fabrication of a superhydrophobic interface with a water contact angle (WCA) of ∼150° and a sliding angle (SA) of <10°. The PDMS/V-SNP@SPC films showed an ∼52% reduction in water vapor transmission rate compared to that of uncoated films. These results indicated that the coating served as an excellent moisture barrier and imparted good hydrophobicity to the film substrate. The coated film surfaces were able to withstand extensive knife scratches, finger-rubbing, jet-water impact, a sandpaper-abrasion test for 20 cycles, and a tape-peeling test for ∼10 repetitions without losing superhydrophobicity, suggesting superior mechanical durability. Self-cleaning behavior was also demonstrated when the surfaces were cleared of artificial dust and various food liquids. The green and innovative approach presented in the current study can potentially serve as an attractive new tool for the development of robust superhydrophobic surfaces without adverse environmental consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemlou
- School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Phuc H Le
- School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Fugen Daver
- School of Engineering, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Billy J Murdoch
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Elena P Ivanova
- School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, College of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics (STEM), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jo J, Kim H, Jeong SY, Park C, Hwang HS, Koo B. Changes in Mechanical Properties of Polyhydroxyalkanoate with Double Silanized Cellulose Nanocrystals Using Different Organosiloxanes. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061542. [PMID: 34208072 PMCID: PMC8230657 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a biodegradable plastic with great potential for tackling plastic waste and marine pollution issues, but its commercial applications have been limited due to its poor processability. In this study, surface-modified cellulose nanocrystals were used to improve the mechanical properties of PHA composites produced via a melt-extrusion process. Double silanization was conducted to obtain hydrophobically treated CNC-based fillers, using tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS). The morphology, particle size distributions, and surface characteristics of the silanized CNCs and their compatibility with a PHA polymer matrix differed by the organosiloxane treatment and drying method. It was confirmed that the double silanized CNCs had hydrophobic surface characteristics and narrow particle size distributions, and thereby showed excellent dispersibility in a PHA matrix. Adding hydrophobically treated CNCs to form a PHA composite, the elongation at break of the PHA composites was improved up to 301%, with little reduction of Young's modulus, compared to pure PHA. Seemingly, the double silanized CNCs added played a similar role to a nucleation agent in the PHA composite. It is expected that such high ductility can improve the mechanical properties of PHA composites, making them more suitable for commercial applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaemin Jo
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (J.J.); (S.-Y.J.); (H.S.H.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Hyeyun Kim
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (J.J.); (S.-Y.J.); (H.S.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.K.); Tel.: +82-04-1598-8478 (H.K.); +82-04-1589-8409 (B.K.)
| | - So-Yeon Jeong
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (J.J.); (S.-Y.J.); (H.S.H.)
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Ha Soo Hwang
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (J.J.); (S.-Y.J.); (H.S.H.)
- R&D Center, OomphChem Inc., 1223-24 Cheonan-daero, Cheonan-si 31080, Korea
| | - Bonwook Koo
- Green and Sustainable Materials R&D Department, Korea Institute of industrial Technology, 89 Yangdaegiro-gil, Cheonan-si 31056, Korea; (J.J.); (S.-Y.J.); (H.S.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (B.K.); Tel.: +82-04-1598-8478 (H.K.); +82-04-1589-8409 (B.K.)
| |
Collapse
|