1
|
Mironova GF, Budaeva VV, Skiba EA, Gismatulina YA, Kashcheyeva EI, Sakovich GV. Recent Advances in Miscanthus Macromolecule Conversion: A Brief Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13001. [PMID: 37629183 PMCID: PMC10455303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241613001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Miscanthus is a valuable renewable feedstock and has a significant potential for the manufacture of diverse biotechnology products based on macromolecules such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. Herein, we overviewed the state-of-the art of research on the conversion of miscanthus polymers into biotechnology products comprising low-molecular compounds and macromolecules: bioethanol, biogas, bacterial cellulose, enzymes (cellulases, laccases), lactic acid, lipids, fumaric acid and polyhydroxyalkanoates. The present review aims to assess the potential of converting miscanthus polymers in order to develop sustainable technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vera V. Budaeva
- Laboratory of Bioconversion, Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPCET SB RAS), 659322 Biysk, Russia; (G.F.M.); (E.A.S.); (Y.A.G.); (E.I.K.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Asadi ST, Al-Qaim FF, Al-Saedi HFS, Deyab IF, Kamyab H, Chelliapan S. Adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using low-cost adsorbent: kinetic, isotherm adsorption, and thermodynamic studies. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:676. [PMID: 37188926 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fig leaf, an environmentally friendly byproduct of fruit plants, has been used for the first time to treat of methylene blue dye. The fig leaf-activated carbon (FLAC-3) was prepared successfully and used for the adsorption of methylene blue dye (MB). The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). In the present study, initial concentrations, contact time, temperatures, pH solution, FLAC-3 dose, volume solution, and activation agent were investigated. However, the initial concentration of MB was investigated at different concentrations of 20, 40, 80, 120, and 200 mg/L. pH solution was examined at these values: pH3, pH7, pH8, and pH11. Moreover, adsorption temperatures of 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C were considered to investigate how the FLAC-3 works on MB dye removal. The adsorption capacity of FLAC-3 was determined to be 24.75 mg/g for 0.08 g and 41 mg/g for 0.02 g. The adsorption process has followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.9841), where the adsorption created a monolayer covering the surface of the adsorbent. Additionally, it was discovered that the maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) was 41.7 mg/g and the Langmuir affinity constant (KL) was 0.37 L/mg. The FLAC-3, as low-cost adsorbents for methylene blue dye, has shown good cationic dye adsorption performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Safaa Talib Al-Asadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences for Women, University of Babylon, Hilla, Iraq.
| | | | - Issa Farhan Deyab
- Medical Physics Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, 51001, Hillah, Babil, Iraq
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan
- Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology & Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu J, Zhang K, Wang H, Lin L, Zhang J, Li P, Zhang Q, Shi J, Cui H. Advances in Micro-/Mesopore Regulation Methods for Plant-Derived Carbon Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204261. [PMID: 36297839 PMCID: PMC9611847 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, renewable and clean energy has become increasingly important due to energy shortage and environmental pollution. Selecting plants as the carbon precursors to replace costly non-renewable energy sources causing severe pollution is a good choice. In addition, owing to their diverse microstructure and the rich chemical composition, plant-based carbon materials are widely used in many fields. However, some of the plant-based carbon materials have the disadvantage of possessing a large percentage of macroporosity, limiting their functionality. In this paper, we first introduce two characteristics of plant-derived carbon materials: diverse microstructure and rich chemical composition. Then, we propose improvement measures to cope with a high proportion of macropores of plant-derived carbon materials. Emphatically, size regulation methods are summarized for micropores (KOH activation, foam activation, physical activation, freezing treatment, and fungal treatment) and mesopores (H3PO4 activation, enzymolysis, molten salt activation, and template method). Their advantages and disadvantages are also compared and analyzed. Finally, the paper makes suggestions on the pore structure improvement of plant-derived carbon materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Huiyan Wang
- Beijing Spacecraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Junyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Wooden Materials Science and Engineering of Jilin Province, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, China
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Hang Cui
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Physics Education, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Optimizing the Design of a Biomass-to-Biofuel Supply Chain Network Using a Decentralized Processing Approach. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When designing biomass-to-biofuel supply chains, the biomass uncertainty, seasonality and geographical dispersion that affect economic viability need to be considered. This work presents a novel methodology that can optimize the design of biofuel supply chains by adopting a decentralized network structure consisting of a mix of fixed and mobile processing facilities. The model considers a variable biomass yield profile and the mobile fast pyrolysis technology. The mixed-integer linear programming model developed identifies the optimal biofuel production and biomass harvesting schedule schemes under the objective of profit maximization. It was applied in the case study of marginal lands in Scotland, which are assumed to be planted with Miscanthus. The trade-offs observed between economies of scale against the transportation costs, the effect of the relocation costs and the contribution of storage capacity were investigated. The results showed that, in most cases, harvesting is most concentrated during the month of the highest biomass yield, provided that storage facilities are available. Storage capacity plays an important role to widen the operational time window of processing facilities since scenarios with restricted or costly storage resulted in facilities of higher capacity operating within a narrower time window, leading to higher investment costs. Relocation costs proved to have a minor share in the total transportation costs.
Collapse
|
5
|
|
6
|
Patra BR, Nanda S, Dalai AK, Meda V. Taguchi-based process optimization for activation of agro-food waste biochar and performance test for dye adsorption. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131531. [PMID: 34329152 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of process parameters for biochar activation is crucial for enhancing its surface area and adsorptive potentials. This work attempts to investigate the influence of activating agent (e.g., steam and KOH), temperature (700-900 °C) and activation time (60-120 min) using Taguchi L18 (21 × 32) experimental design for the activation of biochar derived from food waste and agricultural crop residues such as canola hull and oat hull. Among all the factors, activating agent and temperature influenced surface area considerably. KOH-assisted chemical activation of biochar at 800 °C for 90 min was found to be optimal with higher specific surface areas of 1760, 1718 and 1334 m2/g for food waste, canola hull and oat hull derived biochar, respectively. Finally, the comparative evaluation of the performances of biochar and activated carbon samples was achieved through the adsorption of common dyes such as methylene blue, methyl violet and rhodamine B. Activated carbon samples derived from food waste biochar and canola hull biochar exhibited a complete removal of methylene blue and methyl violet from model aqueous solution within 1-2 h of contact time at room temperature, whereas in case of rhodamine B only 91-94% removal was achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biswa R Patra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Sonil Nanda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ajay K Dalai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
| | - Venkatesh Meda
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Recently, due to the escalating usage of non-renewable fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas and petroleum coke in electricity and power generation, and associated issues with pollution and global warming, more attention is being paid to finding alternative renewable fuel sources. Thermochemical and hydrothermal conversion processes have been used to produce biochar and hydrochar, respectively, from waste renewable biomass. Char produced from the thermochemical and hydrothermal decomposition of biomass is considered an environmentally friendly replacement for solid hydrocarbon materials such as coal and petroleum coke. Unlike thermochemically derived biochar, hydrochar has received little attention due to the lack of literature on its production technologies, physicochemical characterization, and applications. This review paper aims to fulfill these objectives and fill the knowledge gaps in the literature relating to hydrochar. Therefore, this review discusses the most recent studies on hydrochar characteristics, reaction mechanisms for char production technology such as hydrothermal carbonization, as well as hydrochar activation and functionalization. In addition, the applications of hydrochar, mainly in the fields of agriculture, pollutant adsorption, catalyst support, bioenergy, carbon sequestration, and electrochemistry are reviewed. With advancements in hydrothermal technologies and other environmentally friendly conversion technologies, hydrochar appears to be an appealing bioresource for a wide variety of energy, environmental, industrial, and commercial applications.
Collapse
|