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Roux A, Loffredo S, Ferrara AL, Murphy PV. Synthesis and biological evaluation of S-simplexides and other analogues of simplexide. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Simplexides are natural glycolipids isolated from the marine sponge Plakortis simplex, and contain alkyl 4-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside. Simplexides can release of cytokines (IL-6) and chemokines (CXCL-8) from human monocytes and cause the expansion of natural killer T-cells (iNKTs) in vitro, with iNKTs contributing to the sustenance of immune homeostasis. Herein, the stereoselective syntheses of S-glycosidic analogues, i.e. S-simplexides, are described. The routes included Lewis acid promoted anomerisation of glycosyl thiols and thioglycolipids, as well as anomeric S-alkylation. Synthesis of O-glycosidic analogues are included. Heptadecanyl O- and S-glycosides as well as the 17-tritriacontyl 4-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside, a component of the natural simplexide isolate, all induced IL-6 and CXCL-8 production at both 10 and 30 μg/mL concentrations from PBMCs whereas the two S-simplexides were inactive. It is speculated that the lack of activity for the S-disaccharide analogue could be due to inhibition of cellular α-glucosidase, preventing degradation of the simplex disaccharide to a simpler galactopyranoside, whereas lack of activity for the S-galactolipid analogue could be due to increased conformational flexibility of S-glycosides. On the other hand, simpler unbranched O- and S-glycolipid analogues were active. Natural simplexide, and a synthetic simplexide, the 18-pentatriacontanyl 4-O-(α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside, were more potent than the new compounds tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Roux
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road , Galway H91 TK33 , Ireland
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) , University of Naples Federico II , WAO Center of Excellence , Naples , Italy
| | - Anne Lise Ferrara
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI) , University of Naples Federico II , WAO Center of Excellence , Naples , Italy
| | - Paul V. Murphy
- School of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Galway , University Road , Galway H91 TK33 , Ireland
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Chemistry and Biology of Bioactive Glycolipids of Marine Origin. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16090294. [PMID: 30135377 PMCID: PMC6163716 DOI: 10.3390/md16090294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycolipids represent a broad class of natural products structurally featured by a glycosidic fragment linked to a lipidic molecule. Despite the large structural variety of these glycoconjugates, they can be classified into three main groups, i.e., glycosphingolipids, glycoglycerolipids, and atypical glycolipids. In the particular case of glycolipids derived from marine sources, an impressive variety in their structural features and biological properties is observed, thus making them prime targets for chemical synthesis. In the present review, we explore the chemistry and biology of this class of compounds.
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Yu K, Bi N, Xiong C, Cai S, Long Z, Guo Z, Gu G. Synthesis of Defined and Functionalized Glycans of Lipoteichoic Acid: A Cell Surface Polysaccharide from Clostridium difficile. Org Lett 2017; 19:3123-3126. [PMID: 28548838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two structurally defined, functionalized glycans of lipoteichoic acid (LTA, also known as PS-III) from C. difficile, which have one or two repeating units of LTA linked to the core trisaccharide, were efficiently synthesized via a convergent [2 + 3] or [2 + 2 + 3] strategy. The α-linkage of both N-acetylglucosamine residues in the repeating unit were constructed with glycosyl imidates of azidosugars as donors, while the phosphodiester bridges between the oligosaccharides were fashioned using H-phosphonate chemistry. Both synthetic targets contained a 3-aminopropyl group at the core trisaccharide reducing end, facilitating their conjugation to other biomolecules to afford conjugates useful for various biological studies and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University , 27 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Ningning Bi
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University , 27 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chenghe Xiong
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University , 27 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shuihong Cai
- Qidong Dongyue Pharmaceutical Company, 268 Shanghai Road, Qidong, Jiangsu 226200, China
| | - Zhongzhu Long
- Qidong Dongyue Pharmaceutical Company, 268 Shanghai Road, Qidong, Jiangsu 226200, China
| | - Zhongwu Guo
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University , 27 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250100, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , 214 Leigh Hall, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Guofeng Gu
- National Glycoengineering Research Center and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University , 27 Shanda Nan Lu, Jinan 250100, China
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for 2009-2010. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:268-422. [PMID: 24863367 PMCID: PMC7168572 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
This review is the sixth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2010. General aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, arrays and fragmentation are covered in the first part of the review and applications to various structural typed constitutes the remainder. The main groups of compound that are discussed in this section are oligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals. Many of these applications are presented in tabular form. Also discussed are medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions and applications to chemical synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Harvey
- Department of BiochemistryOxford Glycobiology InstituteUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3QUUK
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Li J, Li W, Yu B. A divergent approach to the synthesis of simplexides and congeners via a late-stage olefin cross-metathesis reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:4971-4. [PMID: 23774893 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40552d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Simplexides constitute a unique group of immunosuppressive glycolipids that demonstrate antiproliferative activities against activated T-cell lymphocytes via a unique non-cytotoxic inhibition. To investigate the structure-activity relationship of the varied long-chain secondary alcohols on simplexides, we developed an efficient and divergent route to the synthesis of simplexides and congeners, taking advantage of a late-stage olefin cross-metathesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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Chuang HY, Ren CT, Chao CA, Wu CY, Shivatare SS, Cheng TJR, Wu CY, Wong CH. Synthesis and Vaccine Evaluation of the Tumor-Associated Carbohydrate Antigen RM2 from Prostate Cancer. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11140-50. [DOI: 10.1021/ja403609x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yang Chuang
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt
Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tai Ren
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-An Chao
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Sachin S. Shivatare
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Chemical Biology and
Molecular Biophysics, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical
Sciences, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jen R. Cheng
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Wu
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Huey Wong
- Genomics Research
Center, Academia Sinica, 128
Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt
Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemical
Sciences, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Section 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Di Brisco R, Ronchetti F, Mangoni A, Costantino V, Compostella F. Development of a fluorescent probe for the study of the sponge-derived simplexide immunological properties. Carbohydr Res 2012; 348:27-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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