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Wang Y, Zhao R, Ackermann L. Electrochemical Syntheses of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2300760. [PMID: 36965124 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have surfaced as increasingly viable components in optoelectronics and material sciences. The development of highly efficient and atom-economic tools to prepare PAHs under exceedingly mild conditions constitutes a long-term goal. Traditional syntheses of PAHs have largely relied on multistep approaches or the conventional Scholl reaction. However, Scholl reactions are largely inefficient with electron-deficient substrates, require stoichiometric chemical oxidants, and typically occur in the presence of strong acid. In sharp contrast, electrochemistry has gained considerable momentum during the past decade as an alternative for the facile and straightforward PAHs assembly, generally via electro-oxidative dehydrogenative annulation, releasing molecular hydrogen as the sole stoichiometric byproduct by the hydrogen evolution reaction. This review provides an overview on the recent and significant advances in the field of electrochemical syntheses of various PAHs until January 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Wang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rong Zhao
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Wöhler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry (WISCh), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammanstraße 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Yu Z, Shi G, Wang KP, Xu LZ, Chen S, Hu ZQ. Benzothiadiazole-derived double aza [5]helicenes: Synthesis, crystal structure and optical properties. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Zhang C, Chen M, Wang G, Teng M, Ling S, Wang Y, Su Z, Gao K, Yang X, Ma C, Li Y, Zhang Q. Variable Learning‐Memory Behavior from π‐Conjugated Ligand to Ligand‐Containing Cobalt(II) Complex. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Mohan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Guan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Ming Teng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Songtao Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou 213164 China
| | - Zhaojun Su
- College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
| | - Xinbo Yang
- College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS (SIEMIS) Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China
| | - Chunlan Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Heat Fluid Flow Technology and Energy Application, School of Physical Science and Technology Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong China
- Center of Super‐Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) City University of Hongkong Hong Kong SAR 999077 China
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4
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Li Z, Shuai B, Ma C, Fang P, Mei T. Nickel‐Catalyzed
Electroreductive Syntheses of Triphenylenes Using
ortho
‐Dihalobenzene‐Derived
Benzynes. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhao‐Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Bin Shuai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Ping Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Tian‐Sheng Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
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Zhang T, Ding K, Li J, Du G, Chu L, Zhang Y, Fu D. Hydrogen‐bonded Engineering Enhancing Phase Transition Temperature in Molecular Perovskite Ferroelastic. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Zhang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Kun Ding
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Jun‐Yi Li
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Guo‐Wei Du
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Lu‐Lu Chu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
| | - Da‐Wei Fu
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Applications of Molecular Ferroelectrics Southeast University Nanjing 211189
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Kong J, Zhang W, Shao JY, Huo D, Niu X, Wan Y, Song D, Zhong YW, Xia A. Bridge-Length- and Solvent-Dependent Charge Separation and Recombination Processes in Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13279-13290. [PMID: 34814686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced intramolecular charge separation (CS) and charge recombination (CR) phenomena in a series of donor-bridge-acceptor (D-B-A) molecules are intensively investigated as a means of understanding electron transport through the π-B. Pyrene (Pyr) and triarylamine (TAA) moieties connected via phenylene Bs of various lengths are studied because their CS and CR behaviors can be readily monitored in real time by femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy. By combining the steady-state and fs-TA spectroscopic measurements in a variety of solvents together with chemical calculations, the parameters that govern the CS behaviors of these dyads were obtained, such as the solvent effects on free energy and the B-length-dependent electronic coupling (VDA) between D and A. We observed the sharp switch of the CS behavior with the increase of the solvent polarity and B-linker lengths. Furthermore, in the case of the shortest distance between D and A when the electron coupling is sufficiently large, we observed that the CS phenomenon occurs even in low-polar solvents. Upon increasing the length of B, CS occurs only in strong polar solvents. The distance-dependent decay constant of the CS rate is determined as ∼0.53 Å-1, indicating that CS is governed by superexchange tunneling interactions. The CS rate constants are also approximately estimated using Marcus electron transfer theory, and the results imply that the VDA value is the key factor dominating the CS rate, while the facile rotation of the phenylene B is important for modulating the lifetime of the charge-separated state in these D-B-A dyads. These results shed light on the practical strategy for obtaining a high CS efficiency with a long-lived CS state in TAA-B-Pyr derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayujia Huo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Xinmiao Niu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Di Song
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Andong Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China.,School of Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing 100876, People's Republic of China
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Wang W, Feng L, Hua X, Yuan C, Shao X. Stimuli‐Responsive
Polycycles Based on
Hetero‐Buckybowl
Trithiasumanene. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Lijun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Xinqiang Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
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Zhang E, Jiang L, Lv R, Li S, Kong R, Xia L, Ju P, Qu F. The design, synthesis and fluorescent sensing applications of a thermo-sensitive Zn-MOF. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2021.122476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Shao JY, Zhong YW. Pyrene-Cored Hole-Transporting Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20200331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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