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Zhu F, Lu X, Jiang Y, Wang D, Pan L, Jia C, Zhang L, Xie Y, Zhao M, Liu H, Wang M, Wang T, Liu H, Li J. Proteomics reveals the underlying mechanism by which the first uneven division affects embryonic development in pig. Theriogenology 2023; 210:42-52. [PMID: 37473595 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
One of the most typical abnormal cleavage patterns during early embryonic development is uneven division, but the first uneven division of pig zygote is common. Uneven division results in different daughter cell sizes and an uneven distribution of organelles such as lipid droplet, mitochondria, but the developmental capacity of daughter cells and proteomic changes of daughter cells are still unclear. Therefore, the developmental ability and proteomic quantification were investigated on blastomeres from even division (ED) or uneven division (UD) embryos at 2-cell stage in the present study. Firstly, the developmental ability was affected by the blastomeric size, when compared with medium blastomeres (MBs), the large blastomeres (LBs) with the higher cleavage rate but the small blastomeres (SBs) with the lower rate was observed. Subsequently, proteomic analysis was performed on blastomeres of LBs, MBs and SBs, a total of 109 DEPs were detected, which were involved in protein metabolism and processing, energy metabolism and ribosome. In particular, DEPs in LBs vs. SBs were focused on RNA binding and actin cytoskeletal tissue. Two protein-dense networks associated with RNA binding and cytoskeleton were revealed by further protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of DEPs in LBs vs. SBs, that DDX1 related to RNA binding and ACTB related to cytoskeleton were confirmed in UD embryos. Therefore, a briefly information of DEPs in blastomeres of 2-cell stage pig embryos was described in the present study, and it further confirmed that the formation of uneven division of the first cell cycle of pig embryos might be controlled by the cytoskeleton; the developmental capacity of daughter cells might be affected by the energy metabolism, RNA binding and ribosome, and further account for the developmental potential of the whole embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuquan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Dayu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Linqing Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Chao Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Jiangsu Yangyu Ecological Agriculture Co., Ltd, Taixing, 225400, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Taixing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Center, Taixing, 225400, China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Tingzhang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology and Bioinformatics of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210018, China.
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2
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Duch M, Torras N, Asami M, Suzuki T, Arjona MI, Gómez-Martínez R, VerMilyea MD, Castilla R, Plaza JA, Perry ACF. Tracking intracellular forces and mechanical property changes in mouse one-cell embryo development. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:1114-1123. [PMID: 32451513 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cells comprise mechanically active matter that governs their functionality, but intracellular mechanics are difficult to study directly and are poorly understood. However, injected nanodevices open up opportunities to analyse intracellular mechanobiology. Here, we identify a programme of forces and changes to the cytoplasmic mechanical properties required for mouse embryo development from fertilization to the first cell division. Injected, fully internalized nanodevices responded to sperm decondensation and recondensation, and subsequent device behaviour suggested a model for pronuclear convergence based on a gradient of effective cytoplasmic stiffness. The nanodevices reported reduced cytoplasmic mechanical activity during chromosome alignment and indicated that cytoplasmic stiffening occurred during embryo elongation, followed by rapid cytoplasmic softening during cytokinesis (cell division). Forces greater than those inside muscle cells were detected within embryos. These results suggest that intracellular forces are part of a concerted programme that is necessary for development at the origin of a new embryonic life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Duch
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Torras
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomimetic Systems for Cell Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maki Asami
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - María Isabel Arjona
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
- Departamento de Electrónica y Tecnología de Computadores, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Gómez-Martínez
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Robert Castilla
- LABSON - Department of Fluid Mechanics, ESEIAAT-Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Terrassa, Spain
| | - José Antonio Plaza
- Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), Esfera UAB, Campus UAB, Cerdanyola, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Anthony C F Perry
- Laboratory of Mammalian Molecular Embryology, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
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3
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Feng M, Dang N, Bai Y, Wei H, Meng L, Wang K, Zhao Z, Chen Y, Gao F, Chen Z, Li L, Zhang S. Differential expression profiles of long non‑coding RNAs during the mouse pronuclear stage under normal gravity and simulated microgravity. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:155-164. [PMID: 30483791 PMCID: PMC6297735 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pronuclear migration, which is the initial stage of embryonic development and the marker of zygote formation, is a crucial process during mammalian preimplantation embryonic development. Recent studies have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve an important role in early embryonic development. However, the functional regulation of lncRNAs in this process has yet to be elucidated, largely due to the difficulty of assessing gene expression alterations during the very short time in which pronuclear migration occurs. It has previously been reported that migration of the pronucleus of a zygote can be obstructed by simulated microgravity. To investigate pronuclear migration in mice, a rotary cell culture system was employed, which generates simulated microgravity, in order to interfere with murine pronuclear migration. Subsequently, lncRNA sequencing was performed to investigate the mechanism underlying this process. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis of lncRNA profile during the mouse pronuclear stage was conducted, in which 3,307 lncRNAs were identified based on single-cell RNA sequencing data. Furthermore, 52 lncRNAs were identified that were significantly differentially expressed. Subsequently, 10 lncRNAs were selected for validation by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, in which the same relative expression pattern was observed. The results revealed that 12 lncRNAs (lnc006745, lnc007956, lnc013100, lnc013782, lnc017097, lnc019869, lnc025838, lnc027046, lnc005454, lnc007956, lnc019410 and lnc019607), with tubulin β 4B class IVb or actinin α 4 as target genes, may be associated with the expression of microtubule and microfilament proteins. Binding association was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs participated in cellular processes associated with protein transport, binding, catalytic activity, membrane-bounded organelle, protein complex and the cortical cytoskeleton. These findings suggested that these lncRNAs may be associated with migration of the mouse pronucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Feng
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Nannan Dang
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Yinshan Bai
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Hengxi Wei
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Li Meng
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Zhao
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Fenglei Gao
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Zhilin Chen
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
| | - Shouquan Zhang
- College of Animal Science, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P.R. China
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4
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Duan X, Zhang HL, Wu LL, Liu MY, Pan MH, Ou XH, Sun SC. Involvement of LIMK1/2 in actin assembly during mouse embryo development. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1381-1389. [PMID: 29943641 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1482138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
LIMKs (LIMK1 and LIMK2) are serine/threonine protein kinases that involve in various cellular activities such as cell migration, morphogenesis and cytokinesis. However, its roles during mammalian early embryo development are still unclear. In the present study, we disrupted LIMK1/2 activity to explore the functions of LIMK1/2 during mouse early embryo development. We found that p-LIMK1/2 mainly located at the cortex of each blastomeres from 2-cell to 8-cell stage, and p-LIMK1/2 also expressed at morula and blastocyst stage in mouse embryos. Inhibition of LIMK1/2 activity by LIMKi 3 (BMS-5) at the zygote stage caused the failure of embryo early cleavage, and the disruption of LIMK1/2 activity at 8-cell stage caused the defects of embryo compaction and blastocyst formation. Fluorescence staining and intensity analysis results demonstrated that the inhibition of LIMK1/2 activity caused aberrant cortex actin expression and the decrease of phosphorylated cofilin in mouse embryos. Taken together, we identified LIMK1/2 as an important regulator for cofilin phosphorylation and actin assembly during mouse early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Duan
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Hao-Lin Zhang
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Lan-Lan Wu
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Meng-Yao Liu
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Meng-Hao Pan
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Xiang-Hong Ou
- b Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center , Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shao-Chen Sun
- a College of Animal Science and Technology , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
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5
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Gao Z, Zhang X, Yu X, Qin D, Xiao Y, Yu Y, Xiang Y, Nie X, Lu X, Liu W, Yi Z, Li L. Zbed3 participates in the subcortical maternal complex and regulates the distribution of organelles. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 10:74-88. [DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xukun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohong Yi
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Dudka D, Meraldi P. Symmetry Does not Come for Free: Cellular Mechanisms to Achieve a Symmetric Cell Division. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 61:301-321. [PMID: 28409311 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53150-2_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During mitosis cells can divide symmetrically to proliferate or asymmetrically to generate tissue diversity. While the mechanisms that ensure asymmetric cell division have been extensively studied, it is often assumed that a symmetric cell division is the default outcome of mitosis. Recent studies, however, imply that the symmetric nature of cell division is actively controlled, as they reveal numerous mechanisms that ensure the formation of equal-sized daughter cells as cells progress through cell division. Here we review our current knowledge of these mechanisms and highlight possible key questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Dudka
- Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Meraldi
- Medical Faculty, Department of Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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7
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Chaigne A, Terret ME, Verlhac MH. Asymmetries and Symmetries in the Mouse Oocyte and Zygote. Results Probl Cell Differ 2017; 61:285-299. [PMID: 28409310 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-53150-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes grow periodically after puberty thanks to the dialogue with their niche in the follicle. This communication between somatic and germ cells promotes the accumulation, inside the oocyte, of maternal RNAs, proteins and other molecules that will sustain the two gamete divisions and early embryo development up to its implantation. In order to preserve their stock of maternal products, oocytes from all species divide twice minimizing the volume of their daughter cells to their own benefit. For this, they undergo asymmetric divisions in size where one main objective is to locate the division spindle with its chromosomes off-centred. In this chapter, we will review how this main objective is reached with an emphasis on the role of actin microfilaments in this process in mouse oocytes, the most studied example in mammals. This chapter is subdivided into three parts: I-General features of asymmetric divisions in mouse oocytes, II-Mechanism of chromosome positioning by actin in mouse oocytes and III-Switch from asymmetric to symmetric division at the oocyte-to-embryo transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Chaigne
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.,Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, UCL, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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8
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Lim CY, Knowles BB, Solter D, Messerschmidt DM. Epigenetic Control of Early Mouse Development. Curr Top Dev Biol 2016; 120:311-60. [PMID: 27475856 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although the genes sequentially transcribed in the mammalian embryo prior to implantation have been identified, understanding of the molecular processes ensuring this transcription is still in development. The genomes of the sperm and egg are hypermethylated, hence transcriptionally silent. Their union, in the prepared environment of the egg, initiates their epigenetic genomic reprogramming into a totipotent zygote, in which the genome gradually becomes transcriptionally activated. During gametogenesis, sex-specific processes result in sperm and eggs with disparate epigenomes, both of which require drastic reprogramming to establish the totipotent genome of the zygote and the pluripotent inner cell mass of the blastocyst. Herein, we describe the factors, DNA and histone modifications, activation and repression of retrotransposons, and cytoplasmic localizations, known to influence the activation of the mammalian genome at the initiation of new life.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Lim
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - B B Knowles
- Emerita, The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, United States; Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - D Solter
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Emeritus, Max-Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - D M Messerschmidt
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.
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9
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Namgoong S, Kim NH. Roles of actin binding proteins in mammalian oocyte maturation and beyond. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1830-43. [PMID: 27152960 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1181239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin nucleation factors, which promote the formation of new actin filaments, have emerged in the last decade as key regulatory factors controlling asymmetric division in mammalian oocytes. Actin nucleators such as formin-2, spire, and the ARP2/3 complex have been found to be important regulators of actin remodeling during oocyte maturation. Another class of actin-binding proteins including cofilin, tropomyosin, myosin motors, capping proteins, tropomodulin, and Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin proteins are thought to control actin cytoskeleton dynamics at various steps of oocyte maturation. In addition, actin dynamics controlling asymmetric-symmetric transitions after fertilization is a new area of investigation. Taken together, defining the mechanisms by which actin-binding proteins regulate actin cytoskeletons is crucial for understanding the basic biology of mammalian gamete formation and pre-implantation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk Namgoong
- a Department of Animal Sciences , Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju , ChungChungBuk-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- a Department of Animal Sciences , Chungbuk National University , Cheong-Ju , ChungChungBuk-do , Republic of Korea
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10
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Chaigne A, Campillo C, Voituriez R, Gov NS, Sykes C, Verlhac MH, Terret ME. F-actin mechanics control spindle centring in the mouse zygote. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10253. [PMID: 26727405 PMCID: PMC4725770 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotic spindle position relies on interactions between astral microtubules nucleated by centrosomes and a rigid cortex. Some cells, such as mouse oocytes, do not possess centrosomes and astral microtubules. These cells rely only on actin and on a soft cortex to position their spindle off-centre and undergo asymmetric divisions. While the first mouse embryonic division also occurs in the absence of centrosomes, it is symmetric and not much is known on how the spindle is positioned at the exact cell centre. Using interdisciplinary approaches, we demonstrate that zygotic spindle positioning follows a three-step process: (1) coarse centring of pronuclei relying on the dynamics of an F-actin/Myosin-Vb meshwork; (2) fine centring of the metaphase plate depending on a high cortical tension; (3) passive maintenance at the cell centre. Altogether, we show that F-actin-dependent mechanics operate the switch between asymmetric to symmetric division required at the oocyte to embryo transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Chaigne
- CIRB, Collège de France, and CNRS-UMR7241 and INSERM-U1050, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Clément Campillo
- Université Evry Val d'Essonne, LAMBE, Boulevard F Mitterrand, Evry 91025, France
| | | | - Nir S Gov
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Cécile Sykes
- CNRS-UMR168, Paris F-75248, France.,UPMC, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris F-75248, France.,Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Paris F-75248, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Verlhac
- CIRB, Collège de France, and CNRS-UMR7241 and INSERM-U1050, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Marie-Emilie Terret
- CIRB, Collège de France, and CNRS-UMR7241 and INSERM-U1050, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Paris F-75005, France
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11
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Kiyomitsu T. Mechanisms of daughter cell-size control during cell division. Trends Cell Biol 2015; 25:286-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Sanfins A, Plancha CE, Albertini DF. Pre-implantation developmental potential from in vivo and in vitro matured mouse oocytes: a cytoskeletal perspective on oocyte quality. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 32:127-36. [PMID: 25381620 PMCID: PMC4294880 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the present study, fertilization and developmental potential of mouse oocytes matured in different conditions were tested. The efficiency of in vitro fertilization (IVF), pre-implantation development and some important aspects of cytokinesis during early cleavages are discussed. Methods In vivo matured (IVO), in vitro matured (IVM) and roscovitine-treated (IVM-Rosco) mouse oocytes were subjected to IVF under identical conditions. Three replicates per group were analyzed. Fertilization was identified by the presence of two pronuclei at 6–8 h post-fertilization. Evaluation of pre-implantation embryonic development was done daily from day 2 to day 5 and embryos were processed for analyses of chromatin, nuclear lamina, microtubules and centrosomal proteins by conventional and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Results Both IVM groups displayed lower fertilization rates when compared to in vivo controls. While IVO-derived embryos exhibit efficient and synchronous progression to the blastocyst stage, both IVM-derived embryos exhibit a delay in embryonic progression, and a lower blastocyst rate. Interestingly, IVM-Rosco M-II oocytes exhibited more blastomere symmetries and higher number of cells at the blastocyst stage than the IVM group with the most notable influence being on the centrosome-microtubule complex of blastomeres. Conclusion Our study strongly indicates that when compared to spontaneously in vitro matured oocytes, treatment with roscovitine may partially enhance developmental competence by maintaining coordination between nuclear and cytoplasmic events. Further evidence is given of cytoskeletal biomarkers that can be identified during in vitro oocyte maturation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sanfins
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Lu H, Zhao Q, Jiang H, Zhu T, Xia P, Seffens W, Aikhionbare F, Wang D, Dou Z, Yao X. Characterization of ring-like F-actin structure as a mechanical partner for spindle positioning in mitosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102547. [PMID: 25299690 PMCID: PMC4191959 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper spindle positioning and orientation are essential for accurate mitosis which requires dynamic interactions between microtubule and actin filament (F-actin). Although mounting evidence demonstrates the role of F-actin in cortical cytoskeleton dynamics, it remains elusive as to the structure and function of F-actin-based networks in spindle geometry. Here we showed a ring-like F-actin structure surrounding the mitotic spindle which forms since metaphase and maintains in MG132-arrested metaphase HeLa cells. This cytoplasmic F-actin structure is relatively isotropic and less dynamic. Our computational modeling of spindle position process suggests a possible mechanism by which the ring-like F-actin structure can regulate astral microtubule dynamics and thus mitotic spindle orientation. We further demonstrated that inhibiting Plk1, Mps1 or Myosin, and disruption of microtubules or F-actin polymerization perturbs the formation of the ring-like F-actin structure and alters spindle position and symmetric division. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized but important link between mitotic spindle and ring-like F-actin network in accurate mitosis and enables the development of a method to theoretically illustrate the relationship between mitotic spindle and cytoplasmic F-actin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Lu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tongge Zhu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Peng Xia
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - William Seffens
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Felix Aikhionbare
- Department of Physiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhen Dou
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- * E-mail:
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14
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Moorhouse KS, Burgess DR. How to be at the right place at the right time: the importance of spindle positioning in embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:884-95. [PMID: 25258000 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Spindle positioning is an imperative cellular process that regulates a number of different developmental events throughout embryogenesis. The spindle must be properly positioned in embryos not only for the segregation of chromosomes, but also to segregate developmental determinants into different daughter blastomeres. In this review, the role of spindle positioning is explored in several different developmental model systems, which have revealed the diversity of factors that regulate spindle positioning. The C. elegans embryo, the Drosophila neuroblast, and ascidian embryos have all been utilized for the study of polarity-dependent spindle positioning, and exploration of the proteins that are required for asymmetric cell division. Work in the sea urchin embryo has examined the influence of cell shape and factors that affect secondary furrow formation. The issue of size scaling in extremely large cells, as well as the requirement for spindle positioning in developmental fate decisions in vertebrates, has been addressed by work in the Xenopus embryo. Further work in mouse oocytes has examined the roles of actin and myosin in spindle positioning. The data generated from these model organisms have made unique contributions to our knowledge of spindle positioning. Future work will address how all of these different factors work together to regulate the position of the spindle.
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15
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Yu XJ, Yi Z, Gao Z, Qin D, Zhai Y, Chen X, Ou-Yang Y, Wang ZB, Zheng P, Zhu MS, Wang H, Sun QY, Dean J, Li L. The subcortical maternal complex controls symmetric division of mouse zygotes by regulating F-actin dynamics. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4887. [PMID: 25208553 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal effect genes play critical roles in early embryogenesis of model organisms where they have been intensively investigated. However, their molecular function in mammals remains largely unknown. Recently, we identified a subcortical maternal complex (SCMC) that contains four proteins encoded by maternal effect genes (Mater, Filia, Floped and Tle6). Here we report that TLE6, similar to FLOPED and MATER, stabilizes the SCMC and is necessary for cleavage beyond the two-cell stage of development. We document that the SCMC is required for formation of the cytoplasmic F-actin meshwork that controls the central position of the spindle and ensures symmetric division of mouse zygotes. We further demonstrate that the SCMC controls formation of the actin cytoskeleton specifically via Cofilin, a key regulator of F-actin assembly. Our results provide molecular insight into the physiological function of TLE6, its interaction with the SCMC and their roles in the symmetric division of the zygote in early mouse development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jiang Yu
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaohong Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zheng Gao
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China [2] Institute of Zoology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanhua Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yingchun Ou-Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhen-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- State Key laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Min-Sheng Zhu
- Model Animal Research Center and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jurrien Dean
- Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8028, USA
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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16
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Abstract
Assembly of appropriately oriented actin cables nucleated by formin proteins is necessary for many biological processes in diverse eukaryotes. However, compared with knowledge of how nucleation of dendritic actin filament arrays by the actin-related protein-2/3 complex is regulated, the in vivo regulatory mechanisms for actin cable formation are less clear. To gain insights into mechanisms for regulating actin cable assembly, we reconstituted the assembly process in vitro by introducing microspheres functionalized with the C terminus of the budding yeast formin Bni1 into extracts prepared from yeast cells at different cell-cycle stages. EM studies showed that unbranched actin filament bundles were reconstituted successfully in the yeast extracts. Only extracts enriched in the mitotic cyclin Clb2 were competent for actin cable assembly, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity was indispensible. Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 activity also was found to regulate cable assembly in vivo. Here we present evidence that formin cell-cycle regulation is conserved in vertebrates. The use of the cable-reconstitution system to test roles for the key actin-binding proteins tropomyosin, capping protein, and cofilin provided important insights into assembly regulation. Furthermore, using mass spectrometry, we identified components of the actin cables formed in yeast extracts, providing the basis for comprehensive understanding of cable assembly and regulation.
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17
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Clift D, Schuh M. Restarting life: fertilization and the transition from meiosis to mitosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2013; 14:549-62. [PMID: 23942453 PMCID: PMC4021448 DOI: 10.1038/nrm3643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fertilization triggers a complex cellular programme that transforms two highly specialized meiotic germ cells, the oocyte and the sperm, into a totipotent mitotic embryo. Linkages between sister chromatids are remodelled to support the switch from reductional meiotic to equational mitotic divisions; the centrosome, which is absent from the egg, is reintroduced; cell division shifts from being extremely asymmetric to symmetric; genomic imprinting is selectively erased and re-established; and protein expression shifts from translational control to transcriptional control. Recent work has started to reveal how this remarkable transition from meiosis to mitosis is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Clift
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology (MRC LMB), Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
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