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Cinnamaldehyde Downregulation of Sept9 Inhibits Glioma Progression through Suppressing Hif-1α via the Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:6530934. [PMID: 35096204 PMCID: PMC8791712 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6530934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is the main ingredient in cinnamon, and it has been proven to have an inhibitory effect on many different tumor types. However, it lacks effect on glioma. This paper explores the effect CA has on glioma cells U87 and U251 at the cellular and molecular levels. Methods The relationship between Hif-1α and Sept9 was found by CGGA. Cell Viability Assay (CCK8) was made to detect the proliferation ability. The scratch experiment and the transwell experiment were applied to the migration and invasion ability. Annexin V-FITC/PI were used to detect the cell apoptosis. Western blotting was used to determine the specified protein level. Results Cell proliferation assay results revealed CA to inhibit the proliferation of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner. It promoted apoptosis for upregulating the expression of Bax and downregulating the expression of Bcl-2. Wound Healing Assay and transwell test found CA to have anti-invasion ability and that it upregulated the expression of E-cadherin and downregulated the expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The molecular mechanism was studied from a tumor microenvironment (TME) perspective. Pi3k inhibitor (LY294002) was used for interfering with cells, and the results found CA to demonstrate a similar effect. Hif-1α and Sept9 expressions were inhibited, and Akt and p-Akt were also inhibited. By using CoCl2 to make hypoxia, CA was discovered to inhibit the high expression of Hif-1α and Sept9, demonstrating a correlation with the Pi3k/Akt pathway. It is suggested that the mechanism of Sept9 under hypoxia regulation can be realized through the Pi3k/Akt pathway. Conclusions This study proves for the first time that CA is an effective drug for inhibiting the proliferation of glioma through Sept9 and reveals Sept9 to be related to the Pi3k/Akt pathway in terms of tumor microenvironment, providing a molecular basis for the further study of CA in glioma treatment.
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Basang Z, Zhang S, Yang L, Quzong D, Li Y, Ma Y, Hao M, Pu W, Liu X, Xie H, Liang M, Wang J, Danzeng Q. Correlation of DNA methylation patterns to the phenotypic features of Tibetan elite alpinists in extreme hypoxia. J Genet Genomics 2021; 48:928-935. [PMID: 34531147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
High altitude is an extreme environment that imposes hypoxic pressure on physiological processes, and natives living at high altitudes are more adaptive in certain physiological processes. So far, epigenetic modifications under extreme changes in hypoxic pressures are relatively less understood. Here, we recruit 32 Tibetan elite alpinists (TEAs), who have successfully mounted Everest (8848 m) at least five times. Blood samples and physiological phenotypes of TEAs and 32 matched non-alpinist Tibetan volunteers (non-TEAs) are collected for analysis. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis identifies 23,202 differentially methylated CpGs (Padj < 0.05, |β| > 0.1) between the two groups. Some differentially methylated CpGs are in hypoxia-related genes such as PPP1R13L, MAP3K7CL, SEPTI-9, and CUL2. In addition, Gene ontology enrichment analysis reveals several inflammation-related pathways. Phenotypic analysis indicates that 12 phenotypes are significantly different between the two groups. In particular, TEAs exhibit higher blood oxygen saturation levels and lower neutrophil count, platelet count, and heart rate. For DNA methylation association analysis, we find that two CpGs (cg16687447, cg06947206) upstream of PTEN were associated with platelet count. In conclusion, extreme hypoxia exposure leads to epigenetic modifications and phenotypic alterations of TEA, providing us clues for exploring the molecular mechanism underlying changes under extreme hypoxia conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoma Basang
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China; Tibet University-Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change, Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Shixuan Zhang
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China; Tibet University-Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change, Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - La Yang
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Deji Quzong
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Institute for Six-sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute for Six-sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Meng Hao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - WeiLin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hongjun Xie
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Meng Liang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China; Tibet University-Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change, Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China.
| | - Qiangba Danzeng
- High Altitude Medical Research Center of Tibet University/Center of Tibetan Studies (Everest Research Institute), Tibet University, 10 East Zangda Road, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China.
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Lee HJ, Jung YH, Choi GE, Kim JS, Chae CW, Han HJ. Role of HIF1 α Regulatory Factors in Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2019; 12:8-20. [PMID: 30836734 PMCID: PMC6457711 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc18109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF1) is a master transcription factor that induces the transcription of genes involved in the metabolism and behavior of stem cells. HIF1-mediated adaptation to hypoxia is required to maintain the pluripotency and survival of stem cells under hypoxic conditions. HIF1 activity is well known to be tightly controlled by the alpha subunit of HIF1 (HIF1α). Understanding the regulatory mechanisms that control HIF1 activity in stem cells will provide novel insights into stem cell biology under hypoxia. Recent research has unraveled the mechanistic details of HIF1α regulating processes, suggesting new strategies for regulating stem cells. This review summarizes recent experimental studies on the role of several regulatory factors (including calcium, 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, microtubule network, importin, and coactivators) in regulating HIF1α activity in stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jik Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
| | - Young Hyun Jung
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
| | - Gee Euhn Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
| | - Jun Sung Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
| | - Chang Woo Chae
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
| | - Ho Jae Han
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National Universit
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Septin filament coalignment with microtubules depends on SEPT9_i1 and tubulin polyglutamylation, and is an early feature of acquired cell resistance to paclitaxel. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:54. [PMID: 30670682 PMCID: PMC6342940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell resistance to taxanes is a complex, multifactorial process, which results from the combination of several molecular and cellular changes. In breast cancer cells adapted to long-term paclitaxel treatment, we previously identified a new adaptive mechanism that contributes to resistance and involves high levels of tubulin tyrosination and long-chain polyglutamylation coupled with high levels of septin expression, especially that of SEPT9_i1. This in turn led to higher CLIP-170 and MCAK recruitment to microtubules to enhance microtubule dynamics and therefore counteract the stabilizing effects of taxanes. Here, we explored to which extent this new mechanism alone could trigger taxane resistance. We show that coupling septins (including SEPT9_i1) overexpression together with long-chain tubulin polyglutamylation induce significant paclitaxel resistance in several naive (taxane-sensitive) cell lines and accordingly stimulate the binding of CLIP-170 and MCAK to microtubules. Strikingly, such resistance was paralleled by a systematic relocalization of septin filaments from actin fibers to microtubules. We further show that this relocalization resulted from the overexpression of septins in a context of enhanced tubulin polyglutamylation and reveal that it could also be promoted by an acute treatment with paclitaxel of sensitve cell displaying a high basal level of SEPT9_i1. These findings point out the functional importance and the complex cellular dynamics of septins in the onset of cell resistance to death caused by microtubule-targeting antimitotic drugs of the taxane family.
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