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Gómez-Torres MJ, Sáez-Espinosa P, Manzano-Santiago P, Robles-Gómez L, Huerta-Retamal N, Aizpurua J. Sperm Adhesion Molecule 1 (SPAM1) Distribution in Selected Human Sperm by Hyaluronic Acid Test. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102553. [PMID: 36289815 PMCID: PMC9599839 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The failures of binding to the oocyte zona pellucida are commonly attributed to defects in the sperm recognition, adhesion, and fusion molecules. SPAM1 (sperm adhesion molecule 1) is a hyaluronidase implicated in the dispersion of the cumulus-oocyte matrix. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the SPAM1 distribution in the different physiological conditions of human sperm. Specifically, we evaluated the location of the SPAM1 protein in human sperm before capacitation, at one and four hours of capacitation and after hyaluronic acid (HA) selection test by fluorescence microscopy. Sperm bound to HA were considered mature and those that crossed it immature. Our results detected three SPAM1 fluorescent patterns: label throughout the head (P1), equatorial segment with acrosomal faith label (P2), and postacrosomal label (P3). The data obtained after recovering the mature sperm by the HA selection significantly (p < 0.05) highlighted the P1 in both capacitation times, being 79.74 and 81.48% after one hour and four hours, respectively. Thus, the HA test identified that human sperm require the presence of SPAM1 throughout the sperm head (P1) to properly contact the cumulus-oocyte matrix. Overall, our results provide novel insights into the physiological basis of sperm capacitation and could contribute to the improvement of selection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Gómez-Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Cátedra Human Fertility, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-965-903-878
| | - Paula Sáez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Laura Robles-Gómez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Jon Aizpurua
- IVF Spain, Reproductive Medicine, 03540 Alicante, Spain
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Vernaz ZJ, Lottero-Leconte RM, Alonso CAI, Rio S, Morales MF, Arroyo-Salvo C, Valiente CC, Lovaglio Diez M, Bogetti ME, Arenas G, Rey-Valzacchi G, Perez-Martinez S. Evaluation of sperm integrin α5β1 as a potential marker of fertility in humans. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271729. [PMID: 35917320 PMCID: PMC9345343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm selection for assisted reproduction techniques is generally based on basic parameters, while key aspects of sperm competence and its journey from the deposition site to the fertilization site are overlooked. Consequently, identifying molecular markers in spermatozoa that can efficiently predict the fertility of a semen sample could be of great interest, particularly in cases of idiopathic male infertility. When spermatozoa reach the female reproductive tract, it provides to them the cellular and molecular microenvironment needed to acquire fertilizing ability. In this sense, considering the role that integrin α5β1 of spermatozoa plays in reproduction-related events, we investigated the correlation between the subcellular localization of sperm integrin α5β1 and early embryo development outcome after in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures in human. Twenty-four semen samples from normozoospermic men and metaphase II (MII) oocytes from healthy women aged under 38 years, from couples who underwent IVF cycles, were used in this work. Sperm α5β1 localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence assay using an antibody against integrin α5 subunit. Integrin α5β1 was mainly localized in the sperm acrosomal region (45.33±7.89%) or the equatorial segment (30.12±7.43%). The early embryo development rate (data obtained from the Fertility Center) correlated positively with the localization of α5β1 in the acrosomal region (number of usable embryos / inseminated oocytes: ρ = 0.75; p<0.01 and number of usable embryos/total number of two pronuclear zygotes: ρ = 0.80; p<0.01). However, this correlation was not significant when the equatorial segment mark was evaluated. In addition, human sperm released from co-culture with bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC) showed a significant enrichment in the acrosomal localization pattern of α5β1 compared to those sperm that were not co-cultured with BOEC (85.20±5.35% vs 35.00±17.09%, respectively, p<0.05). In conclusion, the evaluation of sperm integrin α5β1 immunolocalization could be a useful tool to select sperm with fertilizing ability from human semen samples before IVF procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoilo José Vernaz
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Raquel María Lottero-Leconte
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Agustín Isidro Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sofía Rio
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Camila Arroyo-Salvo
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla C. Valiente
- PROCREARTE- Red de Medicina Reproductiva y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Lovaglio Diez
- PROCREARTE- Red de Medicina Reproductiva y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Eugenia Bogetti
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Arenas
- PROCREARTE- Red de Medicina Reproductiva y Molecular, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Silvina Perez-Martinez
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO), Universidad de Buenos Aires/CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Sáez-Espinosa P, Robles-Gómez L, Ortega-López L, Aizpurua J, Gómez-Torres MJ. Immunofluorescence and High-Resolution Microscopy Reveal New Insights in Human Globozoospermia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031729. [PMID: 35163651 PMCID: PMC8836125 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Globozoospermia is a rare and severe type of teratozoospermia characterized by the presence of round-headed, acrosomeless spermatozoa with cytoskeleton defects. Current data support a negative relationship between globozoospermia and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) outcomes, revealing the need to perform exhaustive studies on this type of sperm disorder. The aim of this study was to evaluate different structural, functional and molecular sperm biomarkers in total globozoospermia with proper embryo development after ICSI. The combination of field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed us to identify and correlate eight morphological patterns with both types of microscopy. Additionally, results reported a high percentage of coiled forms, with cytoplasmic retentions around the head and midpiece. By fluorescent microscopy, we detected that most of the sperm showed tubulin in the terminal piece of the flagellum and less than 1% displayed tyrosine phosphorylation in the flagellum. Moreover, we did not detect chaperone Heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2 (HSPA2) in 85% of the cells. Overall, these findings provide new insights into globozoospermia, which could have potential implications in improving sperm selection methods for assisted reproductive techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sáez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690001 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-E.); (L.R.-G.)
| | - Laura Robles-Gómez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690001 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-E.); (L.R.-G.)
| | - Leonor Ortega-López
- IVF Spain, Reproductive Medicine, 03540001 Alicante, Spain; (L.O.-L.); (J.A.)
| | - Jon Aizpurua
- IVF Spain, Reproductive Medicine, 03540001 Alicante, Spain; (L.O.-L.); (J.A.)
| | - María José Gómez-Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690001 Alicante, Spain; (P.S.-E.); (L.R.-G.)
- Cátedra Human Fertility, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03690001 Alicante, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+34-965-903-878
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