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Kalk P, Sharkovska Y, Kashina E, von Websky K, Relle K, Pfab T, Alter M, Guillaume P, Provost D, Hoffmann K, Fischer Y, Hocher B. Endothelin-Converting Enzyme/Neutral Endopeptidase Inhibitor SLV338 Prevents Hypertensive Cardiac Remodeling in a Blood Pressure–Independent Manner. Hypertension 2011; 57:755-63. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.163972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertensive heart disease is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality. Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictive and profibrotic mediator produced by the endothelin-converting enzyme (ECE), whereas natriuretic peptides, degraded by the neutral endopeptidase (NEP), have diuretic, vasodilatory, and antifibrotic properties. Thus, combined ECE/NEP inhibition may halt hypertensive cardiac remodeling. This study examined effects of SLV338, a novel ECE/NEP inhibitor, on cardiac protection in experimental renovascular hypertension (2-kidney, 1-clip [2K1C]). Male rats were allocated to 5 groups: sham-operated rats, untreated animals with 2K1C, 2K1C animals treated with oral SLV338 (30 and 100 mg/kg per day), and 2K1C animals treated with oral losartan (20 mg/kg per day). Treatment duration was 12 weeks. Blood pressure was assessed every 4 weeks. At study end, hearts were taken for histology/computer-aided histomorphometry/immunohistochemistry. Pharmacological properties of SLV338 are described. SLV338 is a dual ECE/NEP inhibitor, as demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. In the 2K1C study, losartan lowered blood pressure by ≤46 mm Hg, whereas both dosages of SLV338 had no effect. However, SLV338 (both dosages) completely normalized cardiac interstitial fibrosis, perivascular fibrosis, myocyte diameter, and media:lumen ratio of cardiac arteries, as did losartan. Cardiac transforming growth factor-β1 expression was significantly enhanced in untreated 2K1C rats versus controls, whereas treatment with SLV338 and losartan prevented this effect. Taken together, dual ECE/NEP inhibitor SLV338 prevents cardiac remodeling to the same extent as losartan, but in a blood pressure–independent manner, in a rat model of renovascular hypertension. This effect is at least partially mediated via suppression of cardiac transforming growth factor-β1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Kalk
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Yuliya Sharkovska
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Elena Kashina
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Karoline von Websky
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Katharina Relle
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Thiemo Pfab
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Markus Alter
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Philippe Guillaume
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Daniel Provost
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Katrin Hoffmann
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Yvan Fischer
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Berthold Hocher
- From the Department of Nephrology (P.K., T.P., M.A.), Charité, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany; Center for Cardiovascular Research/Institute of Pharmacology (P.K., Y.S., E.K., K.v.W., K.R., T.P., M.A., B.H.), Charité, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Nutritional Science (Y.S., K.v.W., K.R., B.H.), University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Porsolt and Partners Pharmacology (P.G., D.P.), Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France; Abbott Products GmbH (K.H., Y.F.), Hannover, Germany; and
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