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Bruno F, Castelli G, Vitale F, Catanzaro S, Badaco VV, Roberti M, Colomba C, Cascio A, Tolomeo M. Antiparasitic Effect of Stilbene and Terphenyl Compounds against Trypanosoma cruzi Parasites. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111199. [PMID: 34832980 PMCID: PMC8617688 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. No progress in the treatment of this pathology has been made since Nifurtimox was introduced more than fifty years ago, and this drug is considered very aggressive and may cause several adverse effects. This drug currently has severe limitations, including a high frequency of undesirable side effects and limited efficacy and availability, so research to discover new drugs for the treatment of Chagas disease is imperative. Many drugs available on the market are natural products as found in nature or compounds designed based on the structure and activity of these natural products. Methods: This study evaluated the in vitro antiparasitic activity of a series of previously synthesized stilbene and terphenyl compounds in T. cruzi epimastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. The action of the most selective compounds was investigated by flow cytometric analysis to evaluate the mechanism of cell death. The ability to induce apoptosis or caspase-1 inflammasomes was assayed in macrophages infected with T. cruzi after treatment, comparing it with that of Nifurtimox. Results: The stilbene ST18 was the most potent compound of the series. It was slightly less active than Nifurtimox in epimastigotes but most active in intracellular amastigotes. Compared to Nifurtimox, it was markedly less cytotoxic when tested in vitro on normal cells. ST18 was able to induce a marked increase in parasites positive for Annexin V and monodansylcadaverine. Moreover, ST18 induced the activation, in infected macrophages, of caspase-1, a conserved enzyme that plays a major role in controlling parasitemia, host survival and the onset of the adaptive immune response in Trypanosoma infection. Conclusions: The antiparasitic activity of ST18 together with its ability to activate caspase-1 in infected macrophages and its low toxicity toward normal cells makes this compound interesting for further clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bruno
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.B.); (F.V.); (S.C.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Germano Castelli
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.B.); (F.V.); (S.C.); (V.V.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0916565450
| | - Fabrizio Vitale
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.B.); (F.V.); (S.C.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Simone Catanzaro
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.B.); (F.V.); (S.C.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Valeria Vitale Badaco
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy; (F.B.); (F.V.); (S.C.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Claudia Colomba
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.T.)
| | - Manlio Tolomeo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (C.C.); (A.C.); (M.T.)
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Linciano P, Cullia G, Borsari C, Santucci M, Ferrari S, Witt G, Gul S, Kuzikov M, Ellinger B, Santarém N, Cordeiro da Silva A, Conti P, Bolognesi ML, Roberti M, Prati F, Bartoccini F, Retini M, Piersanti G, Cavalli A, Goldoni L, Bertozzi SM, Bertozzi F, Brambilla E, Rizzo V, Piomelli D, Pinto A, Bandiera T, Costi MP. Identification of a 2,4-diaminopyrimidine scaffold targeting Trypanosoma brucei pteridine reductase 1 from the LIBRA compound library screening campaign. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 189:112047. [PMID: 31982652 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The LIBRA compound library is a collection of 522 non-commercial molecules contributed by various Italian academic laboratories. These compounds have been designed and synthesized during different medicinal chemistry programs and are hosted by the Italian Institute of Technology. We report the screening of the LIBRA compound library against Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major pteridine reductase 1, TbPTR1 and LmPTR1. Nine compounds were active against parasitic PTR1 and were selected for cell-based parasite screening, as single agents and in combination with methotrexate (MTX). The most interesting TbPTR1 inhibitor identified was 4-(benzyloxy)pyrimidine-2,6-diamine (LIB_66). Subsequently, six new LIB_66 derivatives were synthesized to explore its Structure-Activity-Relationship (SAR) and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) properties. The results indicate that PTR1 has a preference to bind inhibitors, which resemble its biopterin/folic acid substrates, such as the 2,4-diaminopyrimidine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Linciano
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Gregorio Cullia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Borsari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Matteo Santucci
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Stefania Ferrari
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy
| | - Gesa Witt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Kuzikov
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Ellinger
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology - ScreeningPort, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nuno Santarém
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal and Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Cordeiro da Silva
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal and Instituto de Investigação e Inovação Em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4150-180, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Paola Conti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Prati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Bartoccini
- Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Michele Retini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Chemistry, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piersanti
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Chemistry, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Piazza Rinascimento 6, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126, Bologna, Italy; Computational and Chemical Biology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Goldoni
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Sine Mandrup Bertozzi
- Analytical Chemistry Lab, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Bertozzi
- PharmaChemistry Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Enzo Brambilla
- PharmaChemistry Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Rizzo
- PharmaChemistry Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 92697-4625, USA
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziano Bandiera
- PharmaChemistry Line, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Costi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125, Modena, Italy.
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Castelli G, Bruno F, Vitale F, Roberti M, Colomba C, Giacomini E, Guidotti L, Cascio A, Tolomeo M. In vitro antileishmanial activity of trans-stilbene and terphenyl compounds. Exp Parasitol 2016; 166:1-9. [PMID: 26953250 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis are globally widespread parasitic diseases which often leads to death if left untreated. Currently available drugs present different drawbacks, so there is an urgent need to develop new, safe and cost-effective drugs against leishmaniasis. In this study we tested a small library of trans-stilbene and terphenyl derivatives against promastigote, amastigotes and intramacrophage amastigote forms of Leishmania infantum. Two compounds of the series, the trans-stilbene 3 and the terphenyl 11, presented the best activity and safety profiles. Terphenyl 11 showed a leshmanicidal activity higher than pentostam and the ability to induce apoptosis selectively in Leishmania infantum while saving macrophages and primary epithelial cells. Our data indicate that terphenyl compounds, as well as stilbenes, are endowed with leishmanicidal activity, showing potential for further studies in the context of leishmanial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Castelli
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Federica Bruno
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vitale
- National Reference Center for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Colomba
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Elisa Giacomini
- D3 Compunet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, I-16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Guidotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manlio Tolomeo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
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Keesara S, Parvathaneni S. A 2-((4-Arylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl)phenol ligated Pd(ii) complex: an efficient, versatile catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03450g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
N,N,O-Tridentate palladium(ii) complex 4a was found to be an efficient catalyst for the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides (iodo-, bromo- and chloro-), which afforded cross-coupling products in good to excellent yields.
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5
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Al-Zoubi RM, Al-Jammal WK, El-Khateeb MY, McDonald R. Synthesis of Diiodinated Biphenyls and Iodinatedmeta-Terphenyls by Regioselective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions of 5-Substituted 1,2,3-Triiodobenzenes. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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6
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Giacomini E, Nebbioso A, Ciotta A, Ianni C, Falchi F, Roberti M, Tolomeo M, Grimaudo S, Cristina AD, Pipitone RM, Altucci L, Recanatini M. Novel antiproliferative chimeric compounds with marked histone deacetylase inhibitory activity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2014; 5:973-8. [PMID: 25221651 DOI: 10.1021/ml5000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Given our interest in finding potential antitumor agents and in view of the multifactorial mechanistic nature of cancer, in the present work, taking advantage of the multifunctional ligands approach, new chimeric molecules were designed and synthesized by combining in single chemical entities structural features of SAHA, targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs), with substituted stilbene or terphenyl derivatives previously obtained by us and endowed with antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activity. The new chimeric derivatives were characterized with respect to their cytotoxic activity and their effects on cell cycle progression on different tumor cell lines, as well as their HDACs inhibition. Among the other, trans -6 showed the most interesting biological profile, as it exhibited a strong pro-apoptotic activity in tumor cell lines in comparison with both of its parent compounds and a marked HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Giacomini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Biochemistry,
Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Ciotta
- Department of Biochemistry,
Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Ianni
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federico Falchi
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Marinella Roberti
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Manlio Tolomeo
- Interdepartmental
Center of Research in Clinical Oncology and Department of Infectious
Diseases, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Stefania Grimaudo
- DiBiMIS, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Institute
of Gastroenterology, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonietta Di Cristina
- DiBiMIS, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Institute
of Gastroenterology, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Maria Pipitone
- DiBiMIS, Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Institute
of Gastroenterology, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche 2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Biochemistry,
Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, IGB, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Recanatini
- Department
of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro
6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Ochoa-Puentes C, Bauer S, Kühnle M, Bernhardt G, Buschauer A, König B. Benzanilide-Biphenyl Replacement: A Bioisosteric Approach to Quinoline Carboxamide-Type ABCG2 Modulators. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:393-6. [PMID: 24900683 DOI: 10.1021/ml4000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently reported compounds such as UR-COP78 (6) are among the most potent and selective ABCG2 modulators known so far but are prone to rapid enzymatic cleavage at the central benzanilide moiety. In search for more stable analogues, according to a bioisosteric approach, a series of N-(biphenyl-3-yl)quinoline carboxamides was prepared by solid phase and solution phase synthesis. The biphenyl moiety was constructed by Suzuki coupling. Inhibition of ABCB1 and ABCG2 was determined in a calcein-AM and a Hoechst 33342 microplate assay, respectively. Most synthesized compounds selectively inhibited the ABCG2 transporter at submicromolar concentrations with a maximal inhibitory effect (I max) over 90% (e.g., UR-COP228 (22a), IC50 591 nM, I max 109%; UR-COP258 (31), IC50 544 nM, I max 112%), though with lower potency and selectivity than 6. The biphenyl analogues are considerably more stable and demonstrate that the benzanilide core is not a crucial structural feature of quinoline carboxamide-type ABCG2 modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Ochoa-Puentes
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C.,
Colombia
| | - Stefanie Bauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kühnle
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Günther Bernhardt
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Armin Buschauer
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany
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Pizzirani D, Roberti M, Grimaudo S, Di Cristina A, Pipitone RM, Tolomeo M, Recanatini M. Identification of biphenyl-based hybrid molecules able to decrease the intracellular level of Bcl-2 protein in Bcl-2 overexpressing leukemia cells. J Med Chem 2009; 52:6936-40. [PMID: 19764793 DOI: 10.1021/jm900907s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
With the aim of enhancing the structural complexity and diversity of an existing collection of bi- and terphenyl compounds, we synthesized hybrid molecules comprising of spirocyclic ketones (a complexity-bearing core) and bi/terphenyls (privileged fragments). Compounds 1, 3, 4, and 6 showed well-defined activity on apoptosis and differentiation, making them potential leads for development as new anticancer agents and chemical probes to study signaling networks in neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pizzirani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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