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Di Micco S, Masullo M, Bandak AF, Berger JM, Riccio R, Piacente S, Bifulco G. Garcinol and Related Polyisoprenylated Benzophenones as Topoisomerase II Inhibitors: Biochemical and Molecular Modeling Studies. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2768-2779. [PMID: 31618025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone isolated from Garcinia genus, has been reported to inhibit eukaryotic topoisomerase I and topoisomerase II at concentrations comparable to that of etoposide (∼25-100 μM). With the aim to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms by which garcinol inhibits human topoisomerase IIα and topoisomerase IIβ, biochemical assays along with molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies were carried out on garcinol and six congeners. The biochemical results revealed that garcinol derivatives appear to act as catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase II and to inhibit ATP hydrolysis by topoisomerase II via some form of mixed inhibition. The computational investigation identified the structural elements responsible for binding to the biological target and also provided information for the eventual design of more selective and potent analogues. Collectively, our data suggest that garcinol-type agents may bind to the DNA binding surface and/or ATP domain of type II topoisomerases to antagonize function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Di Micco
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS) , Via Salvatore De Renzi 50 , 84125 Salerno , Italy
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Milena Masullo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Afif F Bandak
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , 725 N. Wolfe Street, WBSB 713 , Baltimore , Maryland 21205 , United States
| | - James M Berger
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , 725 N. Wolfe Street, WBSB 713 , Baltimore , Maryland 21205 , United States
| | - Raffaele Riccio
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Sonia Piacente
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano (SA) , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Bifulco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano (SA) , Italy
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Dai Y, Hua Q, Ling J, Shao C, Zhong C, Zhang X, Hu Y, Zhang L, Liu Y. Quantum chemical calculation of free radical substitution reaction mechanism of camptothecin. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 84:174-181. [PMID: 30015049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Free radical substitution reaction, which has low energy barrier and takes place in mild reaction conditions, is an important method for camptothecin's modification. The experimental data show that the free radical substitution reaction of camptothecin has high site selectivity, and prefers to take place at site 7. Up to now, few researches focus on the mechanism of it. In this study, the differences of the reaction rate constant (k) for the reactions at different sites, such as site of 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, were investigated with B3LYP of density functional theory at the 6-31 + G (d, p) base set level and CPCM aqueous solvent model. It was found that the substitution reaction can be carried out in two steps in acidic condition. First, the methyl radical attacks the corresponding site to form an intermediate having methyl radical combined with the camptothecin skeleton, and then a hydrogen atom was abstracted by the singlet oxygen to form methyl camptothecin, wherein the first step was the rate control step of the reaction. The results show that site 7 has the higherreaction rate constant (k) than other examined sites, indicating that the reaction tends to take place on site 7 position, which is in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Dai
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China.
| | - Qingyuan Hua
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Jun Ling
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Chunfu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Yanying Hu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
| | - Yaotian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology (Tianjin University of Science & Technology), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, No.29 of 13th Street, TEDA, Tianjin, 300457, PR China
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