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Rathnakar B, Sinha KK, Prasad SR, Khan MI, Narsaiah C, Rameshwar N, Satyanarayana M. Design, Synthesis of Biaryl Piperidine Derivatives and Their Evaluation as Potential Antileishmanial Agents against Leishmania donovani Strain Ag83. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100105. [PMID: 34036717 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a new series of simple biaryl piperidine derivatives (11-19) based on biaryl naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid Ealamine-A. The target compounds were synthesized, analyzed by spectral data, and evaluated for antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani strain Ag83 by MTT assay. The compounds have shown the best to moderate antileishmanial activity. The 5'-fluoro-2'-methoxyphenyl derivative 14 and 3',5'-difluorophenyl derivative 16 have inhibited the promastigotes by 86 % and 85 % after 24 h and 92 % and 91 % after 48 h incubation, respectively, at 400 μM concentration. The % inhibition was lower with the lowering of the concentration and increased with the incubation time. Compounds 12, 15, and 18 have solubility issues and proved to be less active than the rest of the compounds. Molecular docking studies were performed on selective active compounds and the results indicate that these compounds may act by binding to the Leishmanolysin and the docking scores are in good correlation with the antileishmanial activity. These results provide an initial insight into the design of new therapeutics for neglected tropical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethi Rathnakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, 503322, India
| | - Kislay Kumar Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Surendra Rajit Prasad
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Mohd Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, 844102, India
| | - Chelimela Narsaiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, 503322, India
| | - Nimma Rameshwar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, 503322, India
| | - Mavurapu Satyanarayana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, 503322, India
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Campagnaro GD, de Koning HP. Purine and pyrimidine transporters of pathogenic protozoa - conduits for therapeutic agents. Med Res Rev 2020; 40:1679-1714. [PMID: 32144812 DOI: 10.1002/med.21667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purines and pyrimidines are essential nutrients for any cell. Most organisms are able to synthesize their own purines and pyrimidines, but this ability was lost in protozoans that adapted to parasitism, leading to a great diversification in transporter activities in these organisms, especially for the acquisition of amino acids and nucleosides from their hosts throughout their life cycles. Many of these transporters have been shown to have sufficiently different substrate affinities from mammalian transporters, making them good carriers for therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize the knowledge obtained on purine and pyrimidine activities identified in protozoan parasites to date and discuss their importance for the survival of these parasites and as drug carriers, as well as the perspectives of developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo D Campagnaro
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, UK
| | - Harry P de Koning
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 120 University Place, Glasgow, UK
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Hazra S, Ghosh S, Hazra B. Phytochemicals With Antileishmanial Activity. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63931-8.00008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sangshetti JN, Kalam Khan FA, Kulkarni AA, Arote R, Patil RH. Antileishmanial drug discovery: comprehensive review of the last 10 years. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02669e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers the current aspects of leishmaniasis including marketed drugs, new antileishmanial agents, and possible drug targets of antileishmanial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rohidas Arote
- Department of Molecular Genetics
- School of Dentistry
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra H. Patil
- Department of Biotechnology
- Savitribai Phule Pune University
- Pune 411007
- India
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Rico E, Oliva C, Gutierrez KJ, Alzate JF, Genes CM, Moreno D, Casanova E, Gigante A, Pérez-Pérez MJ, Camarasa MJ, Clos J, Gago F, Jiménez-Ruiz A. Leishmania infantum EndoG is an endo/exo-nuclease essential for parasite survival. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89526. [PMID: 24651293 PMCID: PMC3971528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
EndoG, a member of the DNA/RNA non-specific ββα-metal family of nucleases, has been demonstrated to be present in many organisms, including Trypanosomatids. This nuclease participates in the apoptotic program in these parasites by migrating from the mitochondrion to the nucleus, where it takes part in the degradation of genomic DNA that characterizes this process. We now demonstrate that Leishmania infantum EndoG (LiEndoG) is an endo-exonuclease that has a preferential 5' exonuclease activity on linear DNA. Regardless of its role during apoptotic cell death, this enzyme seems to be necessary during normal development of the parasites as indicated by the reduced growth rates observed in LiEndoG hemi-knockouts and their poor infectivity in differentiated THP-1 cells. The pro-life role of this protein is also corroborated by the higher survival rates of parasites that over-express this protein after treatment with the LiEndoG inhibitor Lei49. Taken together, our results demonstrate that this enzyme plays essential roles in both survival and death of Leishmania parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Rico
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Oliva
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kilian Jesús Gutierrez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fernando Alzate
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Mario Genes
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Moreno
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Casanova
- Instituto de Química Médica - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Gigante
- Instituto de Química Médica - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Jesús Pérez-Pérez
- Instituto de Química Médica - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María-José Camarasa
- Instituto de Química Médica - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IQM-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joachim Clos
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Federico Gago
- Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas - Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Jiménez-Ruiz
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas-Unidad Asociada al Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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