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Olesińska-Mönch M, Deo C. Small-molecule photoswitches for fluorescence bioimaging: engineering and applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:660-669. [PMID: 36622788 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05870g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy has revolutionised our understanding of biological systems, enabling the visualisation of biomolecular structures and dynamics in complex systems. The possibility to reversibly control the optical or biochemical properties of fluorophores can unlock advanced applications ranging from super-resolution microscopy to the design of multi-stimuli responsive and functional biosensors. In this Highlight, we review recent progress in small-molecule photoswitches applied to biological imaging with an emphasis on molecular engineering strategies and promising applications, while underlining the main challenges in their design and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Olesińska-Mönch
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
| | - Claire Deo
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany.
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2
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Goldberg JM, Lippard SJ. Mobile zinc as a modulator of sensory perception. FEBS Lett 2023; 597:151-165. [PMID: 36416529 PMCID: PMC10108044 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mobile zinc is an abundant transition metal ion in the central nervous system, with pools of divalent zinc accumulating in regions of the brain engaged in sensory perception and memory formation. Here, we present essential tools that we developed to interrogate the role(s) of mobile zinc in these processes. Most important are (a) fluorescent sensors that report the presence of mobile zinc and (b) fast, Zn-selective chelating agents for measuring zinc flux in animal tissue and live animals. The results of our studies, conducted in collaboration with neuroscientist experts, are presented for sensory organs involved in hearing, smell, vision, and learning and memory. A general principle emerging from these studies is that the function of mobile zinc in all cases appears to be downregulation of the amplitude of the response following overstimulation of the respective sensory organs. Possible consequences affecting human behavior are presented for future investigations in collaboration with interested behavioral scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen J Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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3
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Luo X, Chen D, Xu Z, Song Y, Li H, Xian C. A fluorescent probe based on a spiropyran for sensitive detection of Ce3+ ion. J RARE EARTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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4
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Chernyshev AV, Guda AA, Cannizzo A, Solov’eva EV, Voloshin NA, Rusalev Y, Shapovalov VV, Smolentsev G, Soldatov AV, Metelitsa AV. Operando XAS and UV–Vis Characterization of the Photodynamic Spiropyran–Zinc Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:1324-1331. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b11010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Chernyshev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachka Avenue, 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - A. A. Guda
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Street 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - A. Cannizzo
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - E. V. Solov’eva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachka Avenue, 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - N. A. Voloshin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachka Avenue, 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Yu. Rusalev
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Street 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - V. V. Shapovalov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Street 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - A. V. Soldatov
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal University, Sladkova Street 178/24, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - A. V. Metelitsa
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachka Avenue, 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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5
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Heng S, Zhang X, Pei J, Adwal A, Reineck P, Gibson BC, Hutchinson MR, Abell AD. Spiropyran-Based Nanocarrier: A New Zn 2+ -Responsive Delivery System with Real-Time Intracellular Sensing Capabilities. Chemistry 2018; 25:854-862. [PMID: 30414294 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new spiropyran-based stimuli-responsive delivery system is fabricated. It encapsulates and then releases an extraneous compound in response to elevated levels of Zn2+ , a critical factor in cell apoptosis. A C12 -alkyl substituent on the spiropyran promotes self-assembly into a micelle-like nanocarrier in aqueous media, with nanoprecipitation and encapsulation of added payload. Zn2+ binding occurs to an appended bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine group at biologically relevant micromolar concentration. This leads to switching of the spiropyran (SP) isomer to the strongly fluorescent ring opened merocyanine-Zn2+ (MC-Zn2+ ) complex, with associated expansion of the nanocarriers to release the encapsulated payload. Payload release is demonstrated in solution and in HEK293 cells by encapsulation of a blue fluorophore, 7-hydroxycoumarin, and monitoring its release using fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Furthermore, the use of the nanocarriers to deliver a caspase inhibitor, Azure B, into apoptotic cells in response to an elevated Zn2+ concentration is demonstrated. This then inhibits intracellular caspase activity, as evidenced by confocal microscopy and in real-time by time-lapsed microscopy. Finally, the nanocarriers are shown to release an encapsulated proteasome inhibitor (5) in Zn2+ -treated breast carcinoma cell line models. This then inhibits intracellular proteasome and induces cytotoxicity to the carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Heng
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Xiaozhou Zhang
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Jinxin Pei
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alaknanda Adwal
- The Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Philipp Reineck
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,CNBP, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Brant C Gibson
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,CNBP, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3001, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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6
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Jia Y, Sun T, Jiang Y, Sun W, Zhao Y, Xin J, Hou Y, Yang W. Green, fast, and large-scale synthesis of highly fluorescent Au nanoclusters for Cu 2+ detection and temperature sensing. Analyst 2018; 143:5145-5150. [PMID: 30246811 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01617h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoclusters have attracted widespread attention because of their unique optical and physical properties. However, traditional synthesis methods are complicated and require additional reducing agents, while the yield is often very low. Such resource and time-consuming synthesis processes limit their further application. Herein, a rapid sonochemical route is used to synthesize fluorescent Au nanoclusters in large quantities using glutathione (GSH) both as a capping and reducing agent. These Au nanoclusters are synthesized quickly (∼40 min) due to the presence of ultrasonic waves, and show orange red photoluminescence (Em = 598 nm), small size (∼2 nm) and good dispersion in aqueous solution. Moreover, GSH, as a protecting agent on the surface of resultant Au nanoclusters, has many functional groups including carboxyl and amino groups because of which the nanoclusters show high photo-, storage-, metal- and pH-stability. A stable Au nanoclusters-based nano-sensor is designed for highly sensitive and selective label-free detection of Cu2+ with a low limit of detection of 7 ppb (based on S/N = 3). The fluorescent probe can be used in versatile nanothermometry devices, because their photoluminescence intensity correlates strongly with temperature and varies considerably over a wide temperature range (20-80 °C). Therefore, the novel fluorescent sensing probe has great application prospects in Cu2+ detection and temperature sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Jia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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7
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Superiority of SpiroZin2 Versus FluoZin-3 for monitoring vesicular Zn 2+ allows tracking of lysosomal Zn 2+ pools. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15034. [PMID: 30302024 PMCID: PMC6177427 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule fluorescent probes are powerful and ubiquitous tools for measuring the concentration and distribution of analytes in living cells. However, accurate characterization of these analytes requires rigorous evaluation of cell-to-cell heterogeneity in fluorescence intensities and intracellular distribution of probes. In this study, we perform a parallel and systematic comparison of two small-molecule fluorescent vesicular Zn2+ probes, FluoZin-3 AM and SpiroZin2, to evaluate each probe for measurement of vesicular Zn2+ pools. Our results reveal that SpiroZin2 is a specific lysosomal vesicular Zn2+ probe and affords uniform measurement of resting Zn2+ levels at the single cell level with proper calibration. In contrast, FluoZin-3 AM produces highly variable fluorescence intensities and non-specifically localizes in the cytosol and multiple vesicular compartments. We further applied SpiroZin2 to lactating mouse mammary epithelial cells and detected a transient increase of lysosomal free Zn2+ at 24-hour after lactation hormone treatment, which implies that lysosomes play a role in the regulation of Zn2+ homeostasis during lactation. This study demonstrates the need for critical characterization of small-molecule fluorescent probes to define the concentration and localization of analytes in different cell populations, and reveals SpiroZin2 to be capable of reporting diverse perturbations to lysosomal Zn2+.
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8
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Raje S, Mondivagu N, Chahal M, Butcher RJ, Angamuthu R. Mechanism of Evolution of Koneramine Complexes from One-Pot Reactions: Snapshots of Intermediates Offer Facile Routes to New Dipicolylamines. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1458-1466. [PMID: 29603661 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Koneramines (LR OR', R=Ph or Ts; R'=Me, iPr) and their complexes were found to emerge from the system of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde and N-phenyl/tosylethylenediamine when a primary or secondary alcohol was used as solvent. Imidazolidinylpyridines (LR , R=Ph or Ts) became major emergents whereas hemi-aminals (LR OH, R=Ph or Ts) are minor emergents of the system when tertiary butanol was used as the solvent; the bulky tertiary butyl group prevented the addition of alcohol to the iminium ion that diverted the equilibrium towards imidazolidinylpyridines. By playing with the components of the reaction mixture, crystals of the metastable intermediates bound to copper(II) and/or zinc(II) were obtained and the structures were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The reported results shed light on how to control the emergents of the multicomponent reaction mixture that forms koneramines. Reactivity studies of the intermediates pave the way for a new type of koneramine complexes that are new dipicolylamines where the two pyridine moieties of the resulting koneramine are not the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Raje
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Nandakishor Mondivagu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Manoj Chahal
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Ray J Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, D.C., 20059, United States
| | - Raja Angamuthu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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9
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Chromogenic systems based on 8-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl) substituted spirobenzopyrans undergoing ion modulated photochromic rearrangements. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Heng S, Reineck P, Vidanapathirana AK, Pullen BJ, Drumm DW, Ritter LJ, Schwarz N, Bonder CS, Psaltis PJ, Thompson JG, Gibson BC, Nicholls SJ, Abell AD. Rationally Designed Probe for Reversible Sensing of Zinc and Application in Cells. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:6201-6210. [PMID: 30023765 PMCID: PMC6044982 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Biologically compatible fluorescent ion sensors, particularly those that are reversible, represent a key tool for answering a range of fundamental biological questions. We report a rationally designed probe with a 6'-fluoro spiropyran scaffold (5) for the reversible sensing of zinc (Zn2+) in cells. The 6'-fluoro substituent overcomes several limitations normally associated with spiropyran-based sensors to provide an improved signal-to-background ratio and faster photoswitching times in aqueous solution. In vitro studies were performed with 5 and the 6'-nitro analogues (6) in HEK 293 and endothelial cells. The new spiropyran (5) can detect exogenous Zn2+ inside both cell types and without affecting the proliferation of endothelial cells. Studies were also performed on dying HEK 293 cells, with results demonstrating the ability of the key compound to detect endogenous Zn2+ efflux from cells undergoing apoptosis. Biocompatibility and photoswitching of 5 were demonstrated within endothelial cells but not with 6, suggesting the future applicability of sensor 5 to study intracellular Zn2+ efflux in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Heng
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
- E-mail:
| | - Philipp Reineck
- CNBP, School of Science, RMIT
University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Achini K. Vidanapathirana
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Pullen
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Daniel W. Drumm
- CNBP, School of Science, RMIT
University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Lesley J. Ritter
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Nisha Schwarz
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Claudine S. Bonder
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Peter J. Psaltis
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Jeremy G. Thompson
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Brant C. Gibson
- CNBP, School of Science, RMIT
University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Nicholls
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew D. Abell
- ARC
Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Institute
for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), Department of Chemistry, CNBP, Heart Health
Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute and
Adelaide Medicine School, CNBP, IPAS, The Robinson Research Institute, School
of Medicine, and Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology
& Adelaide Medical School, The University
of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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11
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Feng J, Shao X, Shang Z, Chao J, Wang Y, Jin W. A new biphenylcarbonitrile based fluorescent sensor for Zn2+ ions and application in living cells. Chem Res Chin Univ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-017-7084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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12
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Zhang S, Adhikari R, Fang M, Dorh N, Li C, Jaishi M, Zhang J, Tiwari A, Pati R, Luo FT, Liu H. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probes with Large Stokes Shifts for Sensing Zn(II) Ions in Living Cells. ACS Sens 2016; 1:1408-1415. [PMID: 28845457 PMCID: PMC5569883 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We report two new near-infrared fluorescent probes based on Rhodol counterpart fluorophore platforms functionalized with dipicolylamine Zn(II)-binding groups. The combinations of the pendant amines and fluorophores provide the probes with an effective three-nitrogen-atom and one-oxygen-atom binding motif. The fluorescent probes with large Stokes shifts offer sensitive and selective florescent responses to Zn(II) ions over other metal ions, allowing a reversible monitoring of Zn(II) concentration changes in living cells, and detecting intracellular Zn(II) ions released from intracellular metalloproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Rashmi Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Mingxi Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Nethaniah Dorh
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Meghnath Jaishi
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Jingtuo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Ashutosh Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Ranjit Pati
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
| | - Fen-Tair Luo
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
11529, Republic of China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University,
Houghton, Michigan 49931, United States
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13
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Heng S, McDevitt CA, Kostecki R, Morey JR, Eijkelkamp BA, Ebendorff-Heidepriem H, Monro TM, Abell AD. Microstructured Optical Fiber-based Biosensors: Reversible and Nanoliter-Scale Measurement of Zinc Ions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:12727-32. [PMID: 27152578 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b03565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Sensing platforms that allow rapid and efficient detection of metal ions would have applications in disease diagnosis and study, as well as environmental sensing. Here, we report the first microstructured optical fiber-based biosensor for the reversible and nanoliter-scale measurement of metal ions. Specifically, a photoswitchable spiropyran Zn(2+) sensor is incorporated within the microenvironment of a liposome attached to microstructured optical fibers (exposed-core and suspended-core microstructured optical fibers). Both fiber-based platforms retains high selectivity of ion binding associated with a small molecule sensor, while also allowing nanoliter volume sampling and on/off switching. We have demonstrated that multiple measurements can be made on a single sample without the need to change the sensor. The ability of the new sensing platform to sense Zn(2+) in pleural lavage and nasopharynx of mice was compared to that of established ion sensing methodologies such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and a commercially available fluorophore (Fluozin-3), where the optical-fiber-based sensor provides a significant advantage in that it allows the use of nanoliter (nL) sampling when compared to ICP-MS (mL) and FluoZin-3 (μL). This work paves the way to a generic approach for developing surface-based ion sensors using a range of sensor molecules, which can be attached to a surface without the need for its chemical modification and presents an opportunity for the development of new and highly specific ion sensors for real time sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Heng
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Christopher A McDevitt
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Roman Kostecki
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Jacqueline R Morey
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Bart A Eijkelkamp
- Research Center for Infectious Diseases, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Tanya M Monro
- The University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Andrew D Abell
- ARC Center of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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14
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Raje S, Gurusamy S, Koner A, Mehrotra S, Jennifer SJ, Vasudev PG, Butcher RJ, Angamuthu R. Multicomponent One-pot Reactions Towards the Synthesis of Stereoisomers of Dipicolylamine Complexes. Chem Asian J 2015; 11:128-35. [PMID: 26415522 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Reported are multi-component one-pot syntheses of chiral complexes [M(L(R) OR')Cl2 ] or [M(L(R) SR')Cl2 ] from the mixture of an N-substituted ethylenediamine, pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde, a primary alcohol or thiol and MCl2 utilizing in-situ formed cyclized Schiff bases where a C-O bond, two stereocenters, and three C-N bonds are formed (M=Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd; R=Et, Ph; R'=Me, Et, nPr, nBu). Tridentate ligands L(R) OR' and L(R) SR' comprise two chiral centers and a hemiaminal ether or hemiaminal thioether moiety on the dipicolylamine skeleton. Syn-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] precipitates out readily from the reaction mixture as a major product whereas anti-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] stays in solution as minor product. Both syn-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] and anti-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] were characterized using NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Solid-state structures revealed that syn-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] adopted a square pyramidal geometry while anti-[Zn(L(Ph) OMe)Cl2 ] possesses a trigonal bipyramidal geometry around the Zn centers. The scope of this method was shown to be wide by varying the components of the dynamic coordination assembly, and the structures of the complexes isolated were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystallography. Syn complexes were isolated as major products with Zn(II) and Cu(II) , and anti complexes were found to be major products with Ni(II) and Cd(II) . Hemiaminals and hemiaminal ethers are known to be unstable and are seldom observed as part of cyclic organic compounds or as coordinated ligands assembled around metals. It is now shown, with the support of experimental results, that linear hemiaminal ethers or thioethers can be assembled without the assistance of Lewis acidic metals in the multi-component assembly, and a possible pathway of the formation of hemiaminal ethers has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthi Raje
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sureshbabu Gurusamy
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Abhishek Koner
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sonam Mehrotra
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Samson Jegan Jennifer
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Prema G Vasudev
- Metabolic and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Ray J Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington, D.C., 20059, USA
| | - Raja Angamuthu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Bioinspired Catalysis (LISBIC), Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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15
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Rivera-Fuentes P, Wrobel AT, Zastrow ML, Khan M, Georgiou J, Luyben TT, Roder JC, Okamoto K, Lippard SJ. A Far-Red Emitting Probe for Unambiguous Detection of Mobile Zinc in Acidic Vesicles and Deep Tissue. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1944-1948. [PMID: 25815162 PMCID: PMC4372157 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03388d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Imaging mobile zinc in acidic environments remains challenging because most small-molecule optical probes display pH-dependent fluorescence. Here we report a reaction-based sensor that detects mobile zinc unambiguously at low pH. The sensor responds reversibly and with a large dynamic range to exogenously applied Zn2+ in lysosomes of HeLa cells, endogenous Zn2+ in insulin granules of MIN6 cells, and zinc-rich mossy fiber boutons in hippocampal tissue from mice. This long-wavelength probe is compatible with the green-fluorescent protein, enabling multicolor imaging, and facilitates visualization of mossy fiber boutons at depths of >100 µm, as demonstrated by studies in live tissue employing two-photon microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rivera-Fuentes
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA .
| | - Alexandra T. Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA .
| | - Melissa L. Zastrow
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA .
| | - Mustafa Khan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON M5G 1X5 , Canada
| | - John Georgiou
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON M5G 1X5 , Canada
| | - Thomas T. Luyben
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON M5G 1X5 , Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics , Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 1A8 , Canada
| | - John C. Roder
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON M5G 1X5 , Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics , Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 1A8 , Canada
| | - Kenichi Okamoto
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute , Mount Sinai Hospital , Toronto , ON M5G 1X5 , Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics , Faculty of Medicine , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON M5S 1A8 , Canada
| | - Stephen J. Lippard
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA 02139 , USA .
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