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Asproni B, Catto M, Loriga G, Murineddu G, Corona P, Purgatorio R, Cichero E, Fossa P, Scarano N, Martínez AL, Brea J, Pinna GA. Novel thienocycloalkylpyridazinones as useful scaffolds for acetylcholinesterase inhibition and serotonin 5-HT6 receptor interaction. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 84:117256. [PMID: 37003157 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
A library of eighteen thienocycloalkylpyridazinones was synthesized for human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE) inhibition and serotonin 5-HT6 receptor subtype interaction by following a multitarget-directed ligand approach (MTDL), as a suitable strategy for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The novel compounds featured a tricyclic scaffold, namely thieno[3,2-h]cinnolinone, thienocyclopentapyridazinone and thienocycloheptapyridazinone, connected through alkyl chains of variable length to proper amine moieties, most often represented by N-benzylpiperazine or 1-(phenylsulfonyl)-4-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole as structural elements addressing AChE and 5-HT6 interaction, respectively. Our study highlighted the versatility of thienocycloalkylpyridazinones as useful architectures for AChE interaction, with several N-benzylpiperazine-based analogues emerging as potent and selective hAChE inhibitors with IC50 in the 0.17-1.23 μM range, exhibiting low to poor activity for hBChE (IC50 = 4.13-9.70 μM). The introduction of 5-HT6 structural moiety phenylsulfonylindole in place of N-benzylpiperazine, in tandem with a pentamethylene linker, gave potent 5-HT6 thieno[3,2-h]cinnolinone and thienocyclopentapyridazinone-based ligands both displaying hAChE inhibition in the low micromolar range and unappreciable activity towards hBChE. While docking studies provided a rational structural explanation for AChE/BChE enzyme and 5-HT6 receptor interaction, in silico prediction of ADME properties of tested compounds suggested further optimization for development of such compounds in the field of MTDL for AD.
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Pyridazinones and Structurally Related Derivatives with Anti-Inflammatory Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27123749. [PMID: 35744876 PMCID: PMC9229294 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation contributes to a number of diseases; therefore, control of the inflammatory response is an important therapeutic goal. In an effort to identify novel anti-inflammatory compounds, we screened a library of pyridazinones and structurally related derivatives that were used previously to identify N-formyl peptide receptor (FPR) agonists. Screening of the compounds for their ability to inhibit lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) transcriptional activity in human THP1-Blue monocytic cells identified 48 compounds with anti-inflammatory activity. Interestingly, 34 compounds were FPR agonists, whereas 14 inhibitors of LPS-induced NF-κB activity were not FPR agonists, indicating that they inhibited different signaling pathways. Further analysis of the most potent inhibitors showed that they also inhibited LPS-induced production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) by human MonoMac-6 monocytic cells, again verifying their anti-inflammatory properties. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) classification models based on atom pair descriptors and physicochemical ADME parameters were developed to achieve better insight into the relationships between chemical structures of the compounds and their biological activities, and we found that there was little correlation between FPR agonist activity and inhibition of LPS-induced NF-κB activity. Indeed, Cmpd43, a well-known pyrazolone-based FPR agonist, as well as FPR1 and FPR2 peptide agonists had no effect on the LPS-induced NF-κB activity in THP1-Blue cells. Thus, some FPR agonists reported to have anti-inflammatory activity may actually mediate their effects through FPR-independent pathways, as it is suggested by our results with this series of compounds. This could explain how treatment with some agonists known to be inflammatory (i.e., FPR1 agonists) could result in anti-inflammatory effects. Further research is clearly needed to define the molecular targets of pyridazinones and structurally related compounds with anti-inflammatory activity and to define their relationships (if any) to FPR signaling events.
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The chemistry toolbox of multitarget-directed ligands for Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 181:111572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Ragusa G, Gómez-Cañas M, Morales P, Rodríguez-Cueto C, Pazos MR, Asproni B, Cichero E, Fossa P, Pinna GA, Jagerovic N, Fernández-Ruiz J, Murineddu G. New pyridazinone-4-carboxamides as new cannabinoid receptor type-2 inverse agonists: Synthesis, pharmacological data and molecular docking. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 127:398-412. [PMID: 28088085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, cannabinoid type-2 receptor (CB2R) selective ligands have shown a great potential as novel therapeutic drugs in several diseases. With the aim of discovering new selective cannabinoid ligands, a series of pyridazinone-4-carboxamides was designed and synthesized, and the new derivatives tested for their affinity toward the hCB1R and hCB2R. The 6-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-N-(cis-4-methylcyclohexyl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carboxamide (9) displayed high CB2-affinity (KiCB2 = 2.0 ± 0.81 nM) and a notable selectivity (KiCB1/KiCB2 > 2000). In addition, 9 and other active new synthesized entities have demonstrated to behave as CB2R inverse agonists in [35S]-GTPγS binding assay. ADME predictions of the newly synthesized CB2R ligands suggest a favourable pharmacokinetic profile. Docking studies disclosed the specific pattern of interactions of these derivatives. Our results support that pyridazinone-4-carboxamides represent a new promising scaffold for the development of potent and selective CB2R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Ragusa
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - María Gómez-Cañas
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Rodríguez-Cueto
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - María R Pazos
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Battistina Asproni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Elena Cichero
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV n. 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Fossa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV n. 3, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gerard A Pinna
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Nadine Jagerovic
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, Calle Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Ruiz
- Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriele Murineddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via F. Muroni 23/A, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Pisani L, Farina R, Catto M, Iacobazzi RM, Nicolotti O, Cellamare S, Mangiatordi GF, Denora N, Soto-Otero R, Siragusa L, Altomare CD, Carotti A. Exploring Basic Tail Modifications of Coumarin-Based Dual Acetylcholinesterase-Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Identification of Water-Soluble, Brain-Permeant Neuroprotective Multitarget Agents. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6791-806. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Pisani
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Farina
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Catto
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Iacobazzi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Orazio Nicolotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Saverio Cellamare
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Felice Mangiatordi
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ramon Soto-Otero
- Departamento
de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, San Francisco I, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lydia Siragusa
- Molecular Discovery Limited 215
Marsh Road, Pinner, Middlesex, London HA5 5NE, U.K
| | - Cosimo Damiano Altomare
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Carotti
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia—Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, via E. Orabona 4, I-70125 Bari, Italy
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Hebda M, Bajda M, Więckowska A, Szałaj N, Pasieka A, Panek D, Godyń J, Wichur T, Knez D, Gobec S, Malawska B. Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and Biological Evaluation of Novel Heterodimeric, Multiple Ligands Targeting Cholinesterases and Amyloid Beta. Molecules 2016; 21:410. [PMID: 27023510 PMCID: PMC6273065 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholinesterases and amyloid beta are one of the major biological targets in the search for a new and efficacious treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The study describes synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new compounds designed as dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Among the synthesized compounds, two deserve special attention--compounds 42 and 13. The former is a saccharin derivative and the most potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (EeAChE IC50 = 70 nM). Isoindoline-1,3-dione derivative 13 displays balanced inhibitory potency against acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) (EeAChE IC50 = 0.76 μM, EqBuChE IC50 = 0.618 μM), and it inhibits amyloid beta aggregation (35.8% at 10 μM). Kinetic studies show that the developed compounds act as mixed or non-competitive acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. According to molecular modelling studies, they are able to interact with both catalytic and peripheral active sites of the acetylcholinesterase. Their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) was confirmed in vitro in the parallel artificial membrane permeability BBB assay. These compounds can be used as a solid starting point for further development of novel multifunctional ligands as potential anti-Alzheimer's agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michalina Hebda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Marek Bajda
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Anna Więckowska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Natalia Szałaj
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Anna Pasieka
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Dawid Panek
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Justyna Godyń
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Wichur
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
| | - Damijan Knez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 30-688, Poland.
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