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Mandalapu D, Kushwaha B, Gupta S, Krishna S, Srivastava N, Shukla M, Singh P, Chauhan BS, Goyani R, Maikhuri JP, Sashidhara KV, Kumar B, Tripathi R, Shukla PK, Siddiqi MI, Lal J, Gupta G, Sharma VL. Substituted carbamothioic amine-1-carbothioic thioanhydrides as novel trichomonicidal fungicides: Design, synthesis, and biology. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:632-645. [PMID: 29216562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted diseases like trichomoniasis along with opportunistic fungal infections like candidiasis are major global health burden in female reproductive health. In this context a novel non-nitroimidazole class of substituted carbamothioic amine-1-carbothioic thioanhydride series was designed, synthesized, evaluated for trichomonacidal and fungicidal activities, and was found to be more active than the standard drug Metronidazole (MTZ). Compounds were trichomonicidal in the MIC ranges of 4.77-294.1 μM and 32.46-735.20 μM against MTZ-susceptible and -resistant strains, respectively. Further, compounds inhibited the growth of at least two out of ten fungal strains tested at MIC of 7.50-240.38 μM. The most active compound (20) of this series was 3.8 and 9.5 fold more active than the MTZ against the two Trichomonas strains tested. Compound 20 also significantly inhibited the sulfhydryl groups present over Trichomonas vaginalis and was found to be more active than the MTZ in vivo. Further, a docking analysis carried out with cysteine proteases supported their thiol inhibiting ability and preliminary pharmacokinetic study has shown good distribution and systemic clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanaraju Mandalapu
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bhavana Kushwaha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sonal Gupta
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Shagun Krishna
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mahendra Shukla
- Pharmacokinetic & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Pratiksha Singh
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bhavana S Chauhan
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ravi Goyani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli 229 010, India
| | - Jagdamba P Maikhuri
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Renu Tripathi
- Parasitology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Praveen K Shukla
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohammad I Siddiqi
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetic & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Vishnu L Sharma
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India.
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Bala V, Chhonker YS. Recent developments in anti-Trichomonas research: An update review. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 143:232-243. [PMID: 29175675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis is a major non-viral sexually-transmitted infection resulted into serious obstetrical and gynecological troubles. The increasing resistance to nitroimidazole therapy and recurrence makes it crucial to develop new drugs against trichomoniasis. Over the past few years, a large number of research articles highlighting the synthetic and natural product research to combat Trichomonas vaginalis have been published. Electronic databases were searched to collect all data from the year 2006 through June 2017 for anti-Trichomonas activity potential of synthetic and natural products. This review article put together the synthetic and natural product research to find out an effective metronidazole alternative to cure trichomoniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veenu Bala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India.
| | - Yashpal S Chhonker
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, USA.
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2-Methyl-4/5-nitroimidazole derivatives potentiated against sexually transmitted Trichomonas: Design, synthesis, biology and 3D-QSAR study. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:820-839. [PMID: 27643640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trichomoniasis is the most prevalent, non-viral sexually transmitted diseases (STD) caused by amitochondriate protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis. Increased resistance of T. vaginalis to the marketed drug Metronidazole necessitates the development of newer chemical entities. A library of sixty 2-methyl-4/5-nitroimidazole derivatives was synthesized via nucleophilic ring opening reaction of epoxide and the efficacies against drug-susceptible and -resistant Trichomonas vaginalis were evaluated. All the molecules except two were found to be active against both susceptible and resistant strains with MICs ranging 8.55-336.70 μM and 28.80-1445.08 μM, respectively. Most of the compounds were remarkably more effective than the standard Metronidazole. This study analyzes the in vitro and in vivo activities of the new 5-nitroimidazoles, which were found to be safe against human cervical HeLa cells with good selectivity index. The exploration of SAR by the synthesis of four different prototypes and 3D-QSAR study has shown the importance of prototype 1 over other prototypes.
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Gupta S, Kushwaha B, Srivastava A, Maikhuri JP, Sankhwar SN, Gupta G, Dwivedi AK. Design and synthesis of coumarin–glyoxal hybrids for spermicidal and antimicrobial actions: a dual approach to contraception. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra12156j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Today there is an urgent need for safe and effective dual-purpose contraceptive agents, which can simultaneously prevent unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Gupta
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India
| | - Bhavana Kushwaha
- Endocrinology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India
| | | | | | - Satya N. Sankhwar
- Urology Department
- King George's Medical University
- Lucknow-226003
- India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Endocrinology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India
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