1
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Controlling amyloid formation of intrinsically disordered proteins and peptides: slowing down or speeding up? Essays Biochem 2022; 66:959-975. [PMID: 35975807 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The pathological assembly of intrinsically disordered proteins/peptides (IDPs) into amyloid fibrils is associated with a range of human pathologies, including neurodegeneration, metabolic diseases and systemic amyloidosis. These debilitating disorders affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, and the number of people affected is increasing sharply. However, the discovery of therapeutic agents has been immensely challenging largely because of (i) the diverse number of aggregation pathways and the multi-conformational and transient nature of the related proteins or peptides and (ii) the under-development of experimental pipelines for the identification of disease-modifying molecules and their mode-of-action. Here, we describe current approaches used in the search for small-molecule modulators able to control or arrest amyloid formation commencing from IDPs and review recently reported accelerators and inhibitors of amyloid formation for this class of proteins. We compare their targets, mode-of-action and effects on amyloid-associated cytotoxicity. Recent successes in the control of IDP-associated amyloid formation using small molecules highlight exciting possibilities for future intervention in protein-misfolding diseases, despite the challenges of targeting these highly dynamic precursors of amyloid assembly.
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2
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Hong M, Kim M, Yoon J, Lee SH, Baik MH, Lim MH. Excited-State Intramolecular Hydrogen Transfer of Compact Molecules Controls Amyloid Aggregation Profiles. JACS AU 2022; 2:2001-2012. [PMID: 36186552 PMCID: PMC9516708 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Developing chemical methodologies to directly modify harmful biomolecules affords the mitigation of their toxicity by persistent changes in their properties and structures. Here we report compact photosensitizers composed of the anthraquinone (AQ) backbone that undergo excited-state intramolecular hydrogen transfer, effectively oxidize amyloidogenic peptides, and, subsequently, alter their aggregation pathways. Density functional theory calculations showed that the appropriate position of the hydroxyl groups in the AQ backbone and the consequent intramolecular hydrogen transfer can facilitate the energy transfer to triplet oxygen. Biochemical and biophysical investigations confirmed that these photoactive chemical reagents can oxidatively vary both metal-free amyloid-β (Aβ) and metal-bound Aβ, thereby redirecting their on-pathway aggregation into off-pathway as well as disassembling their preformed aggregates. Moreover, the in vivo histochemical analysis of Aβ species produced upon photoactivation of the most promising candidate demonstrated that they do not aggregate into oligomeric or fibrillar aggregates in the brain. Overall, our combined computational and experimental studies validate a light-based approach for designing small molecules, with minimum structural complexity, as chemical reagents targeting and controlling amyloidogenic peptides associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mannkyu Hong
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mingeun Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yoon
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Seung-Hee Lee
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute
of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic
of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department
of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of
Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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3
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Kim M, Lim MH. Redox Properties of Small Molecules Essential for Multiple Reactivities with Pathological Factors in Alzheimer's Disease. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
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4
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Redox-Active Metal Ions and Amyloid-Degrading Enzymes in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147697. [PMID: 34299316 PMCID: PMC8307724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-active metal ions, Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), are essential biological molecules for the normal functioning of the brain, including oxidative metabolism, synaptic plasticity, myelination, and generation of neurotransmitters. Dyshomeostasis of these redox-active metal ions in the brain could cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, regulating the levels of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) is necessary for normal brain function. To control the amounts of metal ions in the brain and understand the involvement of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) in the pathogenesis of AD, many chemical agents have been developed. In addition, since toxic aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) have been proposed as one of the major causes of the disease, the mechanism of clearing Aβ is also required to be investigated to reveal the etiology of AD clearly. Multiple metalloenzymes (e.g., neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, and ADAM10) have been reported to have an important role in the degradation of Aβ in the brain. These amyloid degrading enzymes (ADE) could interact with redox-active metal ions and affect the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we introduce and summarize the roles, distributions, and transportations of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), along with previously invented chelators, and the structures and functions of ADE in the brain, as well as their interrelationships.
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5
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Said MS, Navale GR, Yadav A, Khonde N, Shinde SS, Jha A. Effect of tert-alcohol functional imidazolium salts on oligomerization and fibrillization of amyloid β (1–42) peptide. Biophys Chem 2020; 267:106480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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6
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Evidence of cadmium and mercury involvement in the Aβ42 aggregation process. Biophys Chem 2020; 266:106453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2020.106453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Kim M, Kang J, Lee M, Han J, Nam G, Tak E, Kim MS, Lee HJ, Nam E, Park J, Oh SJ, Lee JY, Lee JY, Baik MH, Lim MH. Minimalistic Principles for Designing Small Molecules with Multiple Reactivities against Pathological Factors in Dementia. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8183-8193. [PMID: 32233474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple pathogenic elements, including reactive oxygen species, amyloidogenic proteins, and metal ions, are associated with the development of neurodegenerative disorders. We report minimalistic redox-based principles for preparing compact aromatic compounds by derivatizing the phenylene moiety with various functional groups. These molecular agents display enhanced reactivities against multiple targets such as free radicals, metal-free amyloid-β (Aβ), and metal-bound Aβ that are implicated in the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mechanistic studies reveal that the redox properties of these reagents are essential for their function. Specifically, they engage in oxidative reactions with metal-free and metal-bound Aβ, leading to chemical modifications of the Aβ peptides to form covalent adducts that alter the aggregation of Aβ. Moreover, the administration of the most promising candidate significantly attenuates the amyloid pathology in the brains of AD transgenic mice and improves their cognitive defects. Our studies demonstrate an efficient and effective redox-based strategy for incorporating multiple functions into simple molecular reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Tak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Yong Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea.,Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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8
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Tian H, Wang ZY. Zinc Chelator Inhibits Zinc-Induced Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Deposition and Apoptosis in INS-1 Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:201-208. [PMID: 30027367 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid deposition and beta cell apoptosis are characteristic pathological features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is the most abundant component of amyloid deposition. Monomeric IAPP does not form amyloid deposition, but the fibrous IAPP may aggregate and form amyloid deposits. Previous studies have shown that zinc is closely related to IAPP deposition through crosslink with monomeric IAPP into fibrous aggregates. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether chelating zinc could inhibit zinc-induced amyloid deposits and apoptosis of islet beta cell. N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN) is a specific chelator of zinc, with membrane permeability. It could effectively reduce the concentration of intracellular zinc. So, we used TPEN to treat hIAPP-transfected INS-1 cells. By MTT assay, the concentration (1 μM) and incubation time (12 h) of TPEN without affecting cell viability were determined. The results showed that TPEN reduced zinc-induced IAPP deposition in the culture system. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of zinc and TPEN on the apoptosis and insulin level. The results showed that TPEN could reverse zinc-induced INS-1 cell apoptosis and insulin secretion. And the anti-apoptosis effects of TPEN is related to extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)/c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. The present data indicated that chelating zinc could inhibit zinc-induced amyloid deposition and beta cell apoptosis. Thus, maintaining zinc homeostasis in islet beta cell might become a useful strategy for DM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Tian
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Institute of Health Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, People's Republic of China.
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Lamaa D, Lin HP, Bzeih T, Retailleau P, Alami M, Hamze A. TBAB-Catalyzed Csp
3
-N Bond Formation by Coupling Pyridotriazoles with Anilines: A New Route to (2-Pyridyl)alkylamines. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lamaa
- BioCIS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290, Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Hsin-Ping Lin
- BioCIS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290, Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Tourin Bzeih
- BioCIS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290, Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Pascal Retailleau
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Mouad Alami
- BioCIS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290, Châtenay-Malabry France
| | - Abdallah Hamze
- BioCIS, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS; University Paris-Saclay; 92290, Châtenay-Malabry France
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10
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Preparation of 4-Flexible Amino-2-Arylethenyl-Quinoline Derivatives as Multi-target Agents for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123100. [PMID: 30486440 PMCID: PMC6321145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex and multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder of aged people. The development of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) to act as multifunctional agents to treat this disease is the mainstream of current research. As a continuation of our previous studies, a series of 4-flexible amino-2-arylethenylquinoline derivatives as multi-target agents was efficiently synthesized and evaluated for the treatment of AD. Among these synthesized derivatives, some compounds exhibited strong self-induced Aβ1–42 aggregation inhibition and antioxidant activity. The structure-activity relationship was summarized, which confirmed that the introduction of a flexible amino group featuring a N,N-dimethylaminoalkylamino moiety at the 4-position increased the Aβ1–42 aggregation inhibition activity, with an inhibition ratio of 95.3% at 20 μM concentration. Compound 6b1, the optimal compound, was able to selectively chelate copper (II), and inhibit Cu2+-induced Aβ aggregation effectively. It also could disassemble the self-induced Aβ1–42 aggregation fibrils with a ratio of 64.3% at 20 μM concentration. Moreover, compound 6b1 showed low toxicity and a good neuroprotective effect against Aβ1–42-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the step-down passive avoidance test indicated compound 6b1 significantly reversed scopolamine-induced memory deficit in mice. Taken together, these results suggested that compound 6b1 was a promising multi-target compound worthy of further study for AD.
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11
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Umar T, Shalini S, Raza MK, Gusain S, Kumar J, Ahmed W, Tiwari M, Hoda N. New amyloid beta-disaggregating agents: synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, crystal structure and molecular docking of N-(4-((7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)oxy)-3-ethoxybenzyl)amines. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1891-1904. [PMID: 30568757 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00312b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the journey towards the development of potent multi-targeted ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, a series of Aβ aggregation inhibitors having quinoline scaffold were designed utilizing computational biology tools, synthesized and characterized by various spectral techniques including single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Organic syntheses relying upon convergent synthetic routes were employed. Investigations via ThT fluorescence assay, electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed the synthesized derivatives to exhibit Aβ self-aggregation inhibition. Molecules 5g and 5a showed the highest inhibitory potential, 53.73% and 53.63% at 50 μM respectively; higher than the standard Aβ disaggregating agent, curcumin. Molecules 5g and 5a disaggregated AChE-induced (58.26%, 47.36%) Aβ aggregation more than two fold more than the standard drug-donepezil (23.66%) and inhibited Cu2+-induced Aβ aggregation. A docking study significantly showed their interaction with key residues of Aβ and the results were in accordance with the study. Besides, these compounds also exhibited potential antioxidant activity (5a, 2.7240 Trolox equivalent by ORAC assay) and metal chelating property. Furthermore, the stoichiometric ratio of Cu (ii)-5a and Cu(ii)-5g complexes were found by Job's method (0.5 : 1 for 5a and 0.8 : 1 for 5g). In silico ADMET profiling showed these derivatives to have drug like properties with very low toxicity effects in the pharmacokinetic study. Overall, these results displayed a multi-activity profile with promising Aβ aggregation inhibition and antioxidation and metal chelation activity that could be helpful for developing new multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarana Umar
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
| | - Shruti Shalini
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Md Kausar Raza
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012 , India
| | - Siddharth Gusain
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel College , Kaimur- 821101, V. K. S. U., Ara , Bhabua , Bihar-802301 , India
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
| | - Manisha Tiwari
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research , University of Delhi , New Delhi 110007 , India .
| | - Nasimul Hoda
- Department of Chemistry , Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) , New Delhi 110025 , India .
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12
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Savelieff MG, Nam G, Kang J, Lee HJ, Lee M, Lim MH. Development of Multifunctional Molecules as Potential Therapeutic Candidates for Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in the Last Decade. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1221-1322. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masha G. Savelieff
- SciGency Science Communications, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Geewoo Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuck Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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