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Gryzło B, Zaręba P, Malawska K, Mazur G, Rapacz A, Ła̧tka K, Höfner GC, Latacz G, Bajda M, Sałat K, Wanner KT, Malawska B, Kulig K. Novel Functionalized Amino Acids as Inhibitors of GABA Transporters with Analgesic Activity. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3073-3100. [PMID: 34347423 PMCID: PMC8397297 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
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Neuropathic pain
resistance to pharmacotherapy has encouraged researchers
to develop effective therapies for its treatment. γ-Aminobutyric
acid (GABA) transporters 1 and 4 (mGAT1 and mGAT4) have been increasingly
recognized as promising drug targets for neuropathic pain (NP) associated
with imbalances in inhibitory neurotransmission. In this context,
we designed and synthesized new functionalized amino acids as inhibitors
of GABA uptake and assessed their activities toward all four mouse
GAT subtypes (mGAT1–4). According to the obtained results,
compounds 2RS,4RS-39c (pIC50 (mGAT4) = 5.36), 50a (pIC50 (mGAT2) = 5.43), and 56a (with moderate subtype selectivity
that favored mGAT4, pIC50 (mGAT4) = 5.04) were of particular
interest and were therefore evaluated for their cytotoxic and hepatotoxic
effects. In a set of in vivo experiments, both compounds 50a and 56a showed antinociceptive properties
in three rodent models of NP, namely, chemotherapy-induced neuropathic
pain models (the oxaliplatin model and the paclitaxel model) and the
diabetic neuropathic pain model induced by streptozotocin; however
compound 56a demonstrated predominant activity. Since
impaired motor coordination is also observed in neuropathic pain conditions,
we have pointed out that none of the test compounds induced motor
deficits in the rotarod test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gryzło
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gabriela Mazur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Ła̧tka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Georg C. Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Klaus T. Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kulig
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Zaręba P, Sałat K, Höfner GC, Łątka K, Bajda M, Latacz G, Kotniewicz K, Rapacz A, Podkowa A, Maj M, Jóźwiak K, Filipek B, Wanner KT, Malawska B, Kulig K. Development of tricyclic N-benzyl-4-hydroxybutanamide derivatives as inhibitors of GABA transporters mGAT1-4 with anticonvulsant, antinociceptive, and antidepressant activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113512. [PMID: 34015586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission has a significant impact on the proper functioning of the central nervous system. Numerous studies have indicated that inhibitors of the GABA transporters mGAT1-4 offer a promising strategy for the treatment of several neurological disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and depression. Following our previous results, herein, we report the synthesis, biological evaluation, and structure-activity relationship studies supported by molecular docking and molecular dynamics of a new series of N-benzyl-4-hydroxybutanamide derivatives regarding their inhibitory potency toward mGAT1-4. This study allowed us to identify compound 23a (N-benzyl-4-hydroxybutanamide bearing a dibenzocycloheptatriene moiety), a nonselective GAT inhibitor with a slight preference toward mGAT4 (pIC50 = 5.02 ± 0.11), and compound 24e (4-hydroxy-N-[(4-methylphenyl)-methyl]butanamide bearing a dibenzocycloheptadiene moiety) with relatively high inhibitory activity toward mGAT2 (pIC50 = 5.34 ± 0.09). In a set of in vivo experiments, compound 24e successively showed predominant anticonvulsant activity and antinociception in the formalin model of tonic pain. In contrast, compound 23a showed significant antidepressant-like properties in mice. These results were consistent with the available literature data, which indicates that, apart from seizure control, GABAergic neurotransmission is also involved in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric diseases, however alternative mechanisms underlying this action cannot be excluded. Finally, it is worth noting that the selected compounds showed unimpaired locomotor skills that have been indicated to give reliable results in behavioral assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Zaręba
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Georg C Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kamil Łątka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bajda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kotniewicz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Rapacz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Maj
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. W. Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Jóźwiak
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, ul. W. Chodzki 4a, 20-093, Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Klaus T Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr, 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Malawska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kulig
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Kowalska M, Nowaczyk J, Nowaczyk A. K V11.1, Na V1.5, and Ca V1.2 Transporter Proteins as Antitarget for Drug Cardiotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8099. [PMID: 33143033 PMCID: PMC7663169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Safety assessment of pharmaceuticals is a rapidly developing area of pharmacy and medicine. The new advanced guidelines for testing the toxicity of compounds require specialized tools that provide information on the tested drug in a quick and reliable way. Ion channels represent the third-largest target. As mentioned in the literature, ion channels are an indispensable part of the heart's work. In this paper the most important information concerning the guidelines for cardiotoxicity testing and the way the tests are conducted has been collected. Attention has been focused on the role of selected ion channels in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kowalska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Nowaczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Alicja Nowaczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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Böck MC, Höfner G, Wanner KT. N-Substituted Nipecotic Acids as (S)-SNAP-5114 Analogues with Modified Lipophilic Domains. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:756-771. [PMID: 32187815 PMCID: PMC7317212 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Potential mGAT4 inhibitors derived from the lead substance (S)-SNAP-5114 have been synthesized and characterized for their inhibitory potency. Variations from the parent compound included the substitution of one of its aromatic 4-methoxy and 4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively, with a more polar moiety, including a carboxylic acid, alcohol, nitrile, carboxamide, sulfonamide, aldehyde or ketone function, or amino acid partial structures. Furthermore, it was investigated how the substitution of more than one of the aromatic 4-methoxy groups affects the potency and selectivity of the resulting compounds. Among the synthesized test substances (S)-1-{2-[(4-formylphenyl)bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-methoxy]ethyl}piperidine-3-carboxylic acid, that features a carbaldehyde function in place of one of the aromatic 4-methoxy moieties of (S)-SNAP-5114, was found to have a pIC50 value of 5.89±0.07, hence constituting a slightly more potent mGAT4 inhibitor than the parent substance while showing comparable subtype selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Böck
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Georg Höfner
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
| | - Klaus T. Wanner
- Department of Pharmacy – Center for Drug ResearchLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenButenandtstraße 5–1381377MunichGermany
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