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Hirsch AKH, Diamanti E, Hamed MM, Lacour A, Bravo P, Illarionov B, Fischer M, Rottmann M, Witschel M. Targeting the IspD enzyme in the MEP pathway: identification of a novel fragment class. ChemMedChem 2021; 17:e202100679. [PMID: 34918860 PMCID: PMC9305118 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The enzymes of the 2‐C‐methylerythritol‐d‐erythritol 4‐phosphate (MEP) pathway (MEP pathway or non‐mevalonate pathway) are responsible for the synthesis of universal precursors of the large and structurally diverse family of isoprenoids. This pathway is absent in humans, but present in many pathogenic organisms and plants, making it an attractive source of drug targets. Here, we present a high‐throughput screening approach that led to the discovery of a novel fragment hit active against the third enzyme of the MEP pathway, PfIspD. A systematic SAR investigation afforded a novel chemical structure with a balanced activity–stability profile (16). Using a homology model of PfIspD, we proposed a putative binding mode for our newly identified inhibitors that sets the stage for structure‐guided optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Katharina Herta Hirsch
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Drug Design and Optimization, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, GERMANY
| | - Eleonora Diamanti
- Helmholtz-Institut fur Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, DDOP, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, GERMANY
| | - Mostafa M Hamed
- Helmholtz-Institut fur Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, DDOP, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, GERMANY
| | - Antoine Lacour
- Helmholtz-Institut fur Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, DDOP, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken, 66123, Saarbrücken, GERMANY
| | - Patricia Bravo
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute: Schweizerisches Tropen- und Public Health-Institut, Parasite Chemotherapy Unit, SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Markus Fischer
- University of Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg, School of Food Science, GERMANY
| | - Matthias Rottmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute: Schweizerisches Tropen- und Public Health-Institut, Parasite Chemotherapy Unit, 4002, Basel, SWITZERLAND
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Ropponen HK, Bader CD, Diamanti E, Illarionov B, Rottmann M, Fischer M, Witschel M, Müller R, Hirsch AKH. Search for the Active Ingredients from a 2-Aminothiazole DMSO Stock Solution with Antimalarial Activity. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2089-2093. [PMID: 33844432 PMCID: PMC8360061 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemical decomposition of DMSO stock solutions is a common incident that can mislead biological screening campaigns. Here, we share our case study of 2‐aminothiazole 1, originating from an antimalarial class that undergoes chemical decomposition in DMSO at room temperature. As previously measured biological activities observed against Plasmodium falciparum NF54 and for the target enzyme PfIspE were not reproducible for a fresh batch, we tackled the challenge to understand where the activity originated from. Solvent‐ and temperature‐dependent studies using HRMS and NMR spectroscopy to monitor the decomposition led to the isolation and in vitro evaluation of several fractions against PfIspE. After four days of decomposition, we successfully isolated the oxygenated and dimerised compounds using SFC purification and correlated the observed activities to them. Due to the unstable nature of the two isolates, it is likely that they undergo further decomposition contributing to the overall instability of the compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henni-Karoliina Ropponen
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Chantal D Bader
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Eleonora Diamanti
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Boris Illarionov
- Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Rottmann
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002, Basel, Switzerland.,Universität Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Müller
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Anna K H Hirsch
- Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-Infectives, Campus E8.1, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
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