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Zhang L, Xie P, Li M, Zhang X, Fei S, Zhao N, Li L, Xie Q, Xu Z, Tang W, Zhu G, Zhu Z, Xu Z, Li J, Zhang C, Boyer JL, Chen W, Cai SY, Pan Q, Chai J. Hepatic GDP-fucose transporter SLC35C1 attenuates cholestatic liver injury and inflammation by inducing CEACAM1 N153 fucosylation. Hepatology 2024:01515467-990000000-00953. [PMID: 38985995 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory response is crucial for bile acid (BA)-induced cholestatic liver injury, but molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Solute Carrier Family 35 Member C1 (SLC35C1) can transport Guanosine diphosphate-fucose into the Golgi to facilitate protein glycosylation. Its mutation leads to the deficiency of leukocyte adhesion and enhances inflammation in humans. However, little is known about its role in liver diseases. APPROACH AND RESULTS Hepatic SLC35C1 mRNA transcripts and protein expression were significantly increased in patients with obstructive cholestasis and mouse models of cholestasis. Immunofluorescence revealed that the upregulated SLC35C1 expression mainly occurred in hepatocytes. Liver-specific ablation of Slc35c1 ( Slc35c1 cKO ) significantly aggravated liver injury in mouse models of cholestasis induced by bile duct ligation and 1% cholic acid-feeding, evidenced by increased liver necrosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and bile ductular proliferation. The Slc35c1 cKO increased hepatic chemokine Ccl2 and Cxcl2 expression and T cell, neutrophil, and F4/80 macrophage infiltration but did not affect the levels of serum and liver BA in mouse models of cholestasis. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that hepatic Slc35c1 deficiency substantially reduced the fucosylation of cell-cell adhesion protein CEACAM1 at N153. Mechanistically, cholestatic levels of conjugated BAs stimulated SLC35C1 expression by activating the STAT3 signaling to facilitate CEACAM1 fucosylation at N153, and deficiency in the fucosylation of CEACAM1 at N135 enhanced the BA-stimulated CCL2 and CXCL2 mRNA expression in primary mouse hepatocytes and Primary Liver Carcinoma/Poliomyelitis Research Foundation/5- ASBT cells. CONCLUSIONS Elevated hepatic SLC35C1 expression attenuates cholestatic liver injury by enhancing CEACAM1 fucosylation to suppress CCL2 and CXCL2 expression and liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pingfan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Mingqiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shuke Fei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Splenic Surgery, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoling Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ziqian Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Wan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guanyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zhixian Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zuzhi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China
| | - Jianwei Li
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - James L Boyer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shi-Ying Cai
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qiong Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Chai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Diseases of PLA, Cholestatic Liver Diseases Center and Center for Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital (Southwest Hospital), Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China
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Götz L, Rueckschloss U, Balk G, Pfeiffer V, Ergün S, Kleefeldt F. The role of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 in cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1295232. [PMID: 38077351 PMCID: PMC10704240 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1295232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), also known as CD66a, is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. CEACAM1 was shown to be a prognostic marker in patients suffering from cancer. In this review, we summarize pre-clinical and clinical evidence linking CEACAM1 to tumorigenicity and cancer progression. Furthermore, we discuss potential CEACAM1-based mechanisms that may affect cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Götz
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Rueckschloss
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gözde Balk
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Pfeiffer
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kleefeldt
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
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3
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Takeuchi A, Yokoyama S, Nakamori M, Nakamura M, Ojima T, Yamaguchi S, Mitani Y, Shively JE, Yamaue H. Loss of CEACAM1 is associated with poor prognosis and peritoneal dissemination of patients with gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12702. [PMID: 31481751 PMCID: PMC6722051 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49230-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM1 is associated with malignant potential of various cancers. The current study aims to clarify the association between carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) expression and malignant potential of gastric cancer and to address whether CEACAM1 cytoplasmic domain isoform balance modulates the properties of gastric cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analyses for CEACAM1 were performed in 235 patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery. Risk factors for overall survival and peritoneal metastasis were calculated based on CEACAM1 expression in the gastric cancer tissue. Patients with CEACAM1 long (CEACAM1-L) or short (CEACAM1-S) cytoplasmic isoform dominance were compared with patients with null CEACAM1 expression in terms of overall survival. CEACAM1 transfected or knockdown gastric cancer cell line, NUGC3 and MKN7 cells, were examined by invasion assay and three dimensional (3D) culture, in order to clarify whether CEACAM1 modulate invasion, lumen formation and tumor growth of gastric cancer cells. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that gastric cancer without CEACAM1 is an independent prognostic factor and a risk factor for peritoneal dissemination. Patients with CEACAM1-S dominance had better prognosis than those with CEACAM1-L. CEACAM1-4L overexpression induced less invasion, more lumen formation, and less tumor growth of NUGC3 cells. CEACAM1-4S overexpression had less invasion and more lumen formations, but not less tumor growth. Knockdown of CEACAM1 expression had less invasion, but not less lumen formations of MKN7 cells. Loss of CEACAM1 is associated with poor prognosis and peritoneal dissemination of patients with gastric cancer. Expression of CEACAM1 in gastric cancer cells modulates invasiveness, lumen formation, and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Takeuchi
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shozo Yokoyama
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan.
| | - Mikihito Nakamori
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakamura
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Ojima
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Yamaguchi
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Mitani
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
| | - John E Shively
- Department of Molecular Imaging & Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Hiroki Yamaue
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 641-8510, Japan
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4
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On the Dual Role of Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 (CEACAM1) in Human Malignancies. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7169081. [PMID: 30406153 PMCID: PMC6204181 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7169081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a glycoprotein belonging to the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family that is expressed on a wide variety of cells and holds a complex role in inflammation through its alternate splicing and generation of various isoforms, mediating intricate mechanisms of modulation and dysregulation. Initially regarded as a tumor suppressor as its expression shows considerable downregulation within the epithelia in the early phases of many solid cancers, CEACAM1 has been linked lately to the progression of malignancy and metastatic spread as various papers point to its role in tumor progression, angiogenesis, and invasion. We reviewed the literature and discussed the various expression patterns of CEACAM1 in different types of tumors, describing its structure and general biologic functions and emphasizing the most significant findings that link this molecule to poor prognosis. The importance of understanding the role of CEACAM1 in cell transformation stands not only in this adhesion molecule's value as a prognostic factor but also in its promising premise as a potential new molecular target that could be exploited as a specific cancer therapy.
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5
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Horst AK, Najjar SM, Wagener C, Tiegs G. CEACAM1 in Liver Injury, Metabolic and Immune Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103110. [PMID: 30314283 PMCID: PMC6213298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed on epithelial, endothelial and immune cells. CEACAM1 is a differentiation antigen involved in the maintenance of epithelial polarity that is induced during hepatocyte differentiation and liver regeneration. CEACAM1 regulates insulin sensitivity by promoting hepatic insulin clearance, and controls liver tolerance and mucosal immunity. Obese insulin-resistant humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease manifest loss of hepatic CEACAM1. In mice, deletion or functional inactivation of CEACAM1 impairs insulin clearance and compromises metabolic homeostasis which initiates the development of obesity and hepatic steatosis and fibrosis with other features of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and adipogenesis in white adipose depot. This is followed by inflammation and endothelial and cardiovascular dysfunctions. In obstructive and inflammatory liver diseases, soluble CEACAM1 is shed into human bile where it can serve as an indicator of liver disease. On immune cells, CEACAM1 acts as an immune checkpoint regulator, and deletion of Ceacam1 gene in mice causes exacerbation of inflammation and hyperactivation of myeloid cells and lymphocytes. Hence, hepatic CEACAM1 resides at the central hub of immune and metabolic homeostasis in both humans and mice. This review focuses on the regulatory role of CEACAM1 in liver and biliary tract architecture in health and disease, and on its metabolic role and function as an immune checkpoint regulator of hepatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kristina Horst
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sonia M Najjar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Irvine Hall, 1 Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA.
- The Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Irvine Hall, 1 Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, USA.
| | - Christoph Wagener
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute of Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, Center for Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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6
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Simonetti O, Lucarini G, Rubini C, Zizzi A, Aspriello SD, Di Primio R, Offidani AM. Correlation between immunohistochemical staining of CEACAM1 and clinicopathological findings in oral pre-neoplastic lesions and squamous cell carcinoma. Med Mol Morphol 2017; 51:41-47. [PMID: 28887602 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-017-0169-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity represents the sixth most common cancer worldwide and it is often preceded by pre-neoplastic lesions. Sometimes it is still difficult for pathologists to make objective differential diagnoses only on histological characteristics. Tumorigenesis is accompanied by altered expression of cell adhesion molecules, like carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM)1. We wanted to investigative CEACAM1 in oral dysplastic lesions, carcinoma in situ (CIS) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We examined immunohistochemical CEACAM1 expression in 50 OSCC, 30 oral CIS and 40 pre-neoplastic lesions and assessed its correlation with clinical and pathological parameters. CEACAM1 was not expressed in normal mucosa, significantly expressed in CIS while it was negative in all the dysplastic lesions. In OSCC, high CEACAM1 expression was associated with tumor grade and inversely correlated with both overall and disease-specific 5-year survival. We showed that CEACAM1 expression is very dynamic: absent in dysplastic lesions, up-regulated in CIS and OSCC. We suggest that CEACAM1 could be a prognostic marker of OSCC and oral CIS. Our most important finding was that it could help pathologists diagnosing oral carcinoma in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriana Simonetti
- Department of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Guendalina Lucarini
- Department of Clinic and Molecular Sciences, Histology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Torrette, 60020, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Zizzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Section of Pathologic Anatomy and Histopathology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Di Primio
- Department of Clinic and Molecular Sciences, Histology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Tronto 10/a, Torrette, 60020, Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Offidani
- Department of Dermatology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Torrette, Ancona, Italy
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Jumper N, Hodgkinson T, Paus R, Bayat A. Site-specific gene expression profiling as a novel strategy for unravelling keloid disease pathobiology. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172955. [PMID: 28257480 PMCID: PMC5336271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloid disease (KD) is a fibroproliferative cutaneous tumour characterised by heterogeneity, excess collagen deposition and aggressive local invasion. Lack of a validated animal model and resistance to a multitude of current therapies has resulted in unsatisfactory clinical outcomes of KD management. In order to address KD from a new perspective, we applied for the first time a site-specific in situ microdissection and gene expression profiling approach, through combined laser capture microdissection and transcriptomic array. The aim here was to analyse the utility of this approach compared with established methods of investigation, including whole tissue biopsy and monolayer cell culture techniques. This study was designed to approach KD from a hypothesis-free and compartment-specific angle, using state-of-the-art microdissection and gene expression profiling technology. We sought to characterise expression differences between specific keloid lesional sites and elucidate potential contributions of significantly dysregulated genes to mechanisms underlying keloid pathobiology, thus informing future explorative research into KD. Here, we highlight the advantages of our in situ microdissection strategy in generating expression data with improved sensitivity and accuracy over traditional methods. This methodological approach supports an active role for the epidermis in the pathogenesis of KD through identification of genes and upstream regulators implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, inflammation and immune modulation. We describe dermal expression patterns crucial to collagen deposition that are associated with TGFβ-mediated signalling, which have not previously been examined in KD. Additionally, this study supports the previously proposed presence of a cancer-like stem cell population in KD and explores the possible contribution of gene dysregulation to the resistance of KD to conventional therapy. Through this innovative in situ microdissection gene profiling approach, we provide better-defined gene signatures of distinct KD regions, thereby addressing KD heterogeneity, facilitating differential diagnosis with other cutaneous fibroses via transcriptional fingerprinting, and highlighting key areas for future KD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Jumper
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - T. Hodgkinson
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Tissue Injury and Repair, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R. Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - A. Bayat
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Research, University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, and MAHSC, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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8
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Estiar MA, Esmaeili R, Zare AA, Farahmand L, Fazilaty H, Zekri A, Jafarbeik-Iravani N, Majidzadeh-A K. High expression of CEACAM19, a new member of carcinoembryonic antigen gene family, in patients with breast cancer. Clin Exp Med 2016; 17:547-553. [PMID: 27909883 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-016-0442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family members play important roles in malignancies and are introduced as biomarkers in different types of cancers. Among them CEACAM19 (CEAL1) gene, a new member of the CEA family, remains to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was investigating the mRNA expression level of CEACAM19 in tumor samples of breast cancer patients compared to breast tissue of normal individuals. We evaluated the expression level of this gene in 75 breast tumors by using real-time quantitative PCR. Also, we studied the correlation between CEACAM19 expression and clinicopathological features and hormone receptors status, including estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 of patients. Out of the enrolled patients, six of them (7.9%) showed low expression, ten (13.2%) showed normal expression and 59 (77.6%) showed high expression of CEACAM19. There was a significant correlation between high expression of CEACAM19 gene in tumor samples compared to normal tissues (P = 0.039). No significant correlation was seen between clinicopathological factors and disease-free survival with mRNA levels of CEACAM19 in tumor samples, while the difference between the expression of CEACAM19 in ER/PR-positive and ER/PR-negative breast cancer patients was statistically significant (P = 0.046). In conclusion, CEACAM19 showed high expression in tumor samples compared to normal mammary tissue. In addition, CEACAM19 may represent as a novel therapeutic target in certain subgroups of breast cancer patients such as ER/PR-negative. Critical roles of CEA proteins in tumor progression may nominate them as robust potential targets for therapeutic intervention in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Asghari Estiar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Esmaeili
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Zare
- Recombinant Proteins Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Farahmand
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | | | - Ali Zekri
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Jafarbeik-Iravani
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran
| | - Keivan Majidzadeh-A
- Cancer Genetics Department, Breast Cancer Research Center (BCRC), ACECR, No. 146, South Gandi St, Vanak Square, Tehran, 1517964311, Iran.
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9
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Florian W, Lenfert E, Gerstel D, von Ehrenstein L, Einhoff J, Schmidt G, Logsdon M, Brandner J, Tiegs G, Beauchemin N, Wagener C, Deppert W, Horst AK. CEACAM1 controls the EMT switch in murine mammary carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 7:63730-63746. [PMID: 27572314 PMCID: PMC5325399 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the molecular basis for carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1)-controlled inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a mouse model for mammary adenocarcinoma (WAP-T mice). We demonstrate that silencing of CEACAM1 in WAP-T tumor-derived G-2 cells induces epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), as evidenced by typical changes of gene expression, morphology and increased invasion. In contrast, reintroduction of CEACAM1 into G-2 cells reversed up-regulation of genes imposing mesenchymal transition, as well as cellular invasion. We identified the Wnt-pathway as target for CEACAM1-mediated repression of EMT. Importantly, β-catenin phosphorylation status and transcriptional activity strongly depend on CEACAM1 expression: CEACAM1high G-2 cells displayed enhanced phosphorylation of β-catenin at S33/S37/T41 and decreased phosphorylation at Y86, thereby inhibiting canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. We identified Src-homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) as a critical binding partner of CEACAM1 that could modulate β-catenin Y86 phosphorylation. Hence, CEACAM1 serves as a scaffold that controls membrane proximal β-catenin signaling. In vivo, mammary tumors of WAP-T/CEACAM1null mice displayed increased nuclear translocation of β-catenin and a dramatically enhanced metastasis rate compared to WAP-T mice. Hence, CEACAM1 controls EMT in vitro and in vivo by site-specific regulation of β-catenin phosphorylation. Survival analyses of human mammary carcinoma patients corroborated these data, indicating that CEACAM1 is a prognostic marker for breast cancer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wegwitz Florian
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center-Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Lenfert
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center-Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Gerstel
- Center for Diagnostics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena von Ehrenstein
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center-Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia Einhoff
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center-Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Geske Schmidt
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthew Logsdon
- Clinic for General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johanna Brandner
- Dermatology and Venerology Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gisa Tiegs
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Departments of Biochemistry, Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, H3G1Y6, Canada
| | - Christoph Wagener
- Center for Diagnostics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Deppert
- Institute for Tumor Biology, University Medical Center-Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Kristina Horst
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Hepatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
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Absence of CD66a expression is associated with high microvessel density and high histologic grade in hepatocellular carcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2016; 32:306-12. [PMID: 27377843 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignancy of the liver. Patients with HCC usually have poor prognosis and high mortality. It has been shown that carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CD66a) regulates cell signaling, proliferation, and tumor growth. The aim of this study is to analyze the expression and possible role of CD66a in HCC. Immunohistochemical staining of CD66a was performed on 86 HCC cases, and microvessel density was evaluated by CD34 immunostaining. The results were further correlated with clinicopathological parameters. For 47 of 86 HCC cases, the CD66a expression showed diffuse membrane or cytoplasmic staining. The other 39 HCC cases revealed loss of CD66a expression. Loss of CD66a expression was statistically significantly associated with large tumor size (p=0.016), fatty change (p=0.039), patients with transcatheter arterial embolization (p=0.007), and high microvessel density (p=0.036). CD34 expression had no significant association with tumor size, virus infection, histological grade, and capsular invasion. The diffuse and cytoplasmic expression of CD66a may involve the early stage of the HCC, and the loss of CD66a expression indicates tumor progression.
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11
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O'Brien DP, Sandanayake NS, Jenkinson C, Gentry-Maharaj A, Apostolidou S, Fourkala EO, Camuzeaux S, Blyuss O, Gunu R, Dawnay A, Zaikin A, Smith RC, Jacobs IJ, Menon U, Costello E, Pereira SP, Timms JF. Serum CA19-9 is significantly upregulated up to 2 years before diagnosis with pancreatic cancer: implications for early disease detection. Clin Cancer Res 2014; 21:622-31. [PMID: 24938522 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Biomarkers for the early detection of pancreatic cancer are urgently needed. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether increased levels of serum CA19-9, CA125, CEACAM1, and REG3A are present before clinical presentation of pancreatic cancer and to assess the performance of combined markers for early detection and prognosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This nested case-control study within the UKCTOCS included 118 single and 143 serial serum samples from 154 postmenopausal women who were subsequently diagnosed with pancreatic cancer and 304 matched noncancer controls. Samples were split randomly into independent training and test sets. CA19-9, CA125, CEACAM1, and REG3A were measured using ELISA and/or CLIA. Performance of markers to detect cancers at different times before diagnosis and for prognosis was evaluated. RESULTS At 95% specificity, CA19-9 (>37 U/mL) had a sensitivity of 68% up to 1 year, and 53% up to 2 years before diagnosis. Combining CA19-9 and CA125 improved sensitivity as CA125 was elevated (>30 U/mL) in approximately 20% of CA19-9-negative cases. CEACAM1 and REG3A were late markers adding little in combined models. Average lead times of 20 to 23 months were estimated for test-positive cases. Prediagnostic levels of CA19-9 and CA125 were associated with poor overall survival (HR, 2.69 and 3.15, respectively). CONCLUSIONS CA19-9 and CA125 have encouraging sensitivity for detecting preclinical pancreatic cancer, and both markers can be used as prognostic tools. This work challenges the prevailing view that CA19-9 is upregulated late in the course of pancreatic cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh P O'Brien
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neomal S Sandanayake
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Jenkinson
- The NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Sophia Apostolidou
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephane Camuzeaux
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Oleg Blyuss
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Gunu
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dawnay
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexey Zaikin
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross C Smith
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian J Jacobs
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, 1.018 Core Technology Facility, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Usha Menon
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eithne Costello
- The NIHR Liverpool Pancreas Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P Pereira
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom. Department of Gastroenterology, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - John F Timms
- Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Schweiger T, Lang G, Klepetko W, Hoetzenecker K. Prognostic factors in pulmonary metastasectomy: spotlight on molecular and radiological markers. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2014; 45:408-416. [DOI: 10.1093/ejcts/ezt288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
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13
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Kiriyama S, Yokoyama S, Ueno M, Hayami S, Ieda J, Yamamoto N, Yamaguchi S, Mitani Y, Nakamura Y, Tani M, Mishra L, Shively JE, Yamaue H. CEACAM1 long cytoplasmic domain isoform is associated with invasion and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2014; 21 Suppl 4:S505-14. [PMID: 24390710 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-013-3460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The two isoforms of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), 1 with a long cytoplasmic domain (CEACAM1-L) and 1 with a short (CEACAM1-S), are involved in different signaling pathways. β2-spectrin (β2SP) is an adaptor protein that plays critical roles in the proper control of Smad access to activate receptors involved in regulation of TGF-β signaling. In this study, we examined the association between CEACAM1 isoform balance and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) malignant potential and investigated the possibility of a molecular interaction between CEACAM1 and β2SP. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out with CEACAM1-L or CEACAM1-S antibodies on 154 HCC tissues to correlate with the factors of malignancy. Invasion assay was performed for the effect of CEACAM1 expression on HCC cell lines. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis and immunoprecipitation analysis were performed to investigate the association between CEACAM1 isoform balance and β2SP. RESULTS In immunohistochemical analysis, CEACAM1-L expression dominance was a risk factor for HCC recurrence (p = 0.04) and was significantly associated with a shorter survival compared with CEACAM1-S expression dominance. Invasion assay indicated that CEACAM1-4L-transfected HLF and PLC/PRF/5 cells showed significantly increased invasion (p < 0.0001) and CEACAM1-4S-transfected HLF cells showed significantly decreased invasion. Immunohistochemical analysis of β2SP suggested that the HCCs with CEACAM1-L-dominant expression were more strongly stained with β2SP than the HCCs with CEACAM1-S-dominant expression (p = 0.013), and coprecipitation assays indicated that CEACAM1-L could bind to β2SP. CONCLUSIONS CEACAM1-L may enhance the HCC invasiveness through an interaction with β2SP and subsequent effects on TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehisa Kiriyama
- Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
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14
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Beauchemin N, Arabzadeh A. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMs) in cancer progression and metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2013; 32:643-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Liu J, Di G, Wu CT, Hu X, Duan H. CEACAM1 inhibits cell-matrix adhesion and promotes cell migration through regulating the expression of N-cadherin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 430:598-603. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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CEACAM1 cytoplastic expression is closely related to tumor angiogenesis and poorer relapse-free survival after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Surg 2011; 35:2266-7. [PMID: 21853358 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-011-1202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Lee W. The CEACAM1 expression is decreased in the liver of severely obese patients with or without diabetes. Diagn Pathol 2011; 6:40. [PMID: 21569294 PMCID: PMC3104481 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-6-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes is mainly caused by insulin resistance. The carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is an important candidate for causing insulin resistance. METHODS The CEACAM1 expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in the liver tissues of 99 severely obese or non-obese subjects with or without diabetes. The CEACAM1 expression was classified into two categories: a normal expression or a decreased expression. RESULTS The CEACAM1 expression was markedly decreased in the hepatocytes with macrovesicular steatosis. A decreased CEACAM1 expression was noted in 29 (29%) of 99 cases. The incidence of a decreased CEACAM1 expression was significantly higher in high grade fatty liver as well as severe obesity with or without diabetes (p < 0.05). The incidence of a decreased CEACAM1 expression was not different between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. CONCLUSIONS This data supports that a decreased CEACAM1 expression is related to obesity and a fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonae Lee
- Department of Pathology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
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18
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CEACAM1 Cytoplastic Expression is Closely Related to Tumor Angiogenesis and Poorer Relapse-free Survival After Curative Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. World J Surg 2011; 35:2259-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s00268-011-1119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Xun C, Luo C, Wu X, Zhang Q, Yan L, Shen S. Expression of hepaCAM and Its Effect on Proliferation of Tumor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma. Urology 2010; 75:828-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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20
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Tsukada M, Wakai T, Matsuda Y, Korita PV, Shirai Y, Ajioka Y, Hatakeyama K, Kubota M. Loss of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 expression predicts metachronous pulmonary metastasis and poor survival in patients with hepatoblastoma. J Pediatr Surg 2009; 44:1522-8. [PMID: 19635299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2008.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 12/27/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that loss of CEACAM1 expression in hepatoblastoma cells may promote hematogeneous metastasis and function as an adverse prognostic factor. METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of CEACAM1 in surgically resected specimens from 19 patients with hepatoblastoma was examined retrospectively. The CEACAM1 expression in the epithelial area of the tumor was classified into 2 categories as follows: diffuse expression, characterized by positive staining throughout the tumor specimen, or loss of expression, in which there were distinct areas of negative staining within the tumor specimen. RESULTS Of the 19 patients, 12 were classified as having tumors with diffuse expression, and 7 had loss-of-expression tumors. Survival after treatment was significantly worse in patients with tumors with loss of CEACAM1 expression (cumulative 5-year survival rate, 29%) than in patients with diffuse CEACAM1 expression (cumulative 5-year survival rate, 92%; P = .0062). Loss of CEACAM1 expression was a significant risk factor for metachronous pulmonary metastases (P = .0105). CONCLUSIONS Loss of CEACAM1 expression may reflect a high metastatic potential and thus indicate a poor prognosis for patients with hepatoblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Tsukada
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
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Korita PV, Wakai T, Shirai Y, Matsuda Y, Sakata J, Cui X, Ajioka Y, Hatakeyama K. Overexpression of osteopontin independently correlates with vascular invasion and poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2008; 39:1777-83. [PMID: 18701136 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2008.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 05/01/2008] [Accepted: 05/14/2008] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
This study retrospectively evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of 3 cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and osteopontin, according to tumor grade in 125 surgically resected specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aims of this study were to identify factors associated with vascular invasion and to elucidate the prognostic value of CAMs. The median follow-up time was 110 months. The levels of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, and osteopontin immunoreactivity were significantly associated with Edmondson-Steiner grade but not with tumor size. There was increased loss of E-cadherin, nonnuclear overexpression of beta-catenin, and overexpression of osteopontin in tumors of higher histologic grade. Vascular invasion was found in 44 (35%) of 125 resected specimens. Logistic regression analysis identified 3 tumor-related factors that were independently associated with vascular invasion-tumor size more than 3 cm, Edmondson-Steiner grades III to IV, and overexpression of osteopontin. Among the tested CAMs, osteopontin (P = .0110) and E-cadherin (P = .0287) were significant prognostic factors by univariate analysis. The Cox proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that Edmondson-Steiner grades III to IV (relative risk [RR], 3.028; P < .001), the presence of vascular invasion (RR, 1.964; P = .011), overexpression of osteopontin (RR, 1.755; P = .034), serum alpha-fetoprotein level more than 20 ng/mL (RR, 1.834; P = .037), and Child-Pugh classification B to C (RR, 1.880; P = .040) were found to be independently significant factors associated with survival after hepatectomy. These results suggest that overexpression of osteopontin independently correlates with vascular invasion and thus predicts poor survival for patients with HCC, whereas aberrant expression of E-cadherin or beta-catenin does not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel V Korita
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
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Sakata J, Shirai Y, Wakai T, Kaneko K, Hatakeyama K. Long-term outcomes after hepatectomy for recurrences after prior local ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol 2008; 34:433-8. [PMID: 17475439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2007.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Intrahepatic recurrence is the most common manifestation of failure after local ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study evaluates the safety and efficacy of partial hepatectomy for intrahepatic recurrence after prior local ablation. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of 188 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent either partial hepatectomy for recurrence after prior local ablation (n=13) or partial hepatectomy as initial local treatment (n=175). The 13 patients with recurrence after prior local ablation were referred to our division after the resectable recurrences were considered to be resistant to non-surgical treatment modalities. RESULTS The incidences of postoperative morbidity and mortality were similar for patients with prior local ablation and patients without prior local ablation (p=0.75 and p=0.52, respectively). The overall survival rates after hepatectomy were comparable between patients with prior local ablation (median survival time of 86months; cumulative 5-year survival rate of 63%) and patients without prior local ablation (median survival time of 76months; cumulative 5-year survival rate of 54%; p=0.60). The disease-free survival rates after hepatectomy were significantly worse for patients with prior local ablation based on both univariate (p=0.01) and multivariate (relative risk, 2.73; p<0.01) analyses. CONCLUSIONS Hepatectomy can be performed safely and may be efficacious, in terms of overall survival, for selected patients with intrahepatic recurrence after prior local ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma. On the other hand, prior local ablation appears to increase the probability of failure after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sakata
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
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Hokari M, Matsuda Y, Wakai T, Shirai Y, Sato M, Tsuchiya A, Takamura M, Yamagiwa S, Suzuki K, Ohkoshi S, Ichida T, Kawachi H, Aoyagi Y. Tumor suppressor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 potentates the anchorage-independent growth of human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Life Sci 2007; 81:336-45. [PMID: 17612570 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2007.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2007] [Revised: 05/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), an adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, has been characterized as a putative tumor suppressor because it is frequently down-regulated in aggressive types of cancer cells. Recently, however, several studies have shown that CEACAM1 actively contributes to malignant progression or migration in some types of tumor cells, suggesting that the role of CEACAM1 might be diverse among different types of cancer cells. To investigate the functional consequences of CEACAM1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma, we analyzed the status of CEACAM1 in hepatoma cell lines HLF, PLC/PRF/5, HepG2 and KYN-2. We found that CEACAM1 was only expressed in HepG2 cells, which show a unique property for enhanced anchorage-independent growth. When HepG2 cells were treated with small interfering RNA targeted against CEACAM1, the growth rate in monolayer culture was increased. In contrast, when HepG2 cells were cultured in suspension, inhibition of CEACAM1 expression significantly decreased the growth rate, and the speed of cell-cell attachment was repressed. Hyaluronidase treatment attenuated the growth rate of HepG2 cells in suspension culture, indicating that cell-cell attachment is a requisite for anchorage-independent growth. Our data may reveal the dual role of CEACAM1 on hepatocarcinogenesis, by showing that CEACAM1 acts as a tumor suppressor in HepG2 cells in anchorage-dependent growth conditions, while in anchorage-independent growth conditions, it augments cell proliferation by potentiating the cell-cell attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Hokari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Asahimachi-dori 1-757, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
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Simeone DM, Ji B, Banerjee M, Arumugam T, Li D, Anderson MA, Bamberger AM, Greenson J, Brand RE, Ramachandran V, Logsdon CD. CEACAM1, a novel serum biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2007; 34:436-43. [PMID: 17446843 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0b013e3180333ae3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serum biomarkers for early diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma are not currently available. We recently observed elevated expression of CEACAM1 in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and sought to determine whether serum CEACAM1 levels were elevated in pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS CEACAM1 messenger RNA levels were measured in pancreatic tissue samples using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. CEACAM1 was localized by immunohistochemistry in adenocarcinomas and in pancreatic intraductal neoplasia lesions. CEACAM1 serum levels were assessed by a double determinant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with serum levels of CA19-9. RESULTS CEACAM1 had higher expression levels in pancreatic adenocarcinomas compared with noncancerous pancreas (P < 0.0001) and was localized to neoplastic cells (95% (45/47) of adenocarcinomas and 85% (17/20) of pancreatic intraductal neoplasia 3 lesions. CEACAM1 was expressed in the sera of 91% (74/81) of pancreatic cancer patients, 24% (15/61) of normal patients, and 66% (35/53) of patients with chronic pancreatitis, with a sensitivity and specificity superior to CA19-9. The combination of CEACAM1 and CA19-9 had significantly higher diagnostic accuracy than CA19-9. CONCLUSIONS CEACAM1 is expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and serum levels of CEACAM1 serve as a useful indicator for the presence of pancreatic cancer. Additional validation studies on the use of serum CEACAM1 as a diagnostic marker in pancreatic cancer are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Simeone
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Wakai T, Shirai Y, Sakata J, Kaneko K, Cruz PV, Akazawa K, Hatakeyama K. Anatomic resection independently improves long-term survival in patients with T1-T2 hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2007; 14:1356-65. [PMID: 17252289 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-006-9318-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2006] [Accepted: 11/22/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the effect of anatomic resection on long-term outcomes in patients with pathologic T1-T2 (pT1-T2) hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 158 consecutive patients who underwent either anatomic (n = 95) or nonanatomic (n = 63) resection for pT1-T2 hepatocellular carcinoma was conducted. Anatomic resection was defined as the complete removal of at least one Couinaud segment containing the tumor; nonanatomic resection was defined as removal of the tumor plus a rim of nonneoplastic liver parenchyma. The median follow-up time was 83 months. RESULTS Patients who underwent anatomic resection were characterized by lower prevalence of cirrhosis (P = .015), more favorable hepatic function (P = .001), larger tumor size (P = .029), and higher prevalence of vascular invasion (P = .008) compared with patients who underwent nonanatomic resection. Anatomic resection provided better survival (median survival time, 122 months) than nonanatomic resection (median survival time, 76 months; P = .0358). Patients who underwent anatomic resection had better disease-free survival (P = .0121). Anatomic resection independently improved both survival (hazard ratio, .46; P = .003) and disease-free survival (hazard ratio, .55; P = .008). When stratified for pT classification, the effectiveness of anatomic resection remained only in patients with pT2 tumors in terms of survival (P = .0012) and disease-free survival (P = .0004). CONCLUSIONS Anatomic resection independently improves long-term survival in patients with T1-T2 hepatocellular carcinoma, probably because of the clearance of venous tumor thrombi within the resected domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
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