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Zhang Z, Li J, Yan B, Tu H, Huang C, Costa M. Loss of MEG3 and upregulation of miR-145 play an important role in the invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10086. [PMID: 36046536 PMCID: PMC9421329 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) causes malignant cell transformation. These transformed cells exhibit increases in migration and invasion. Neuronal precursor of developmentally downregulated protein 9 (NEDD9) is upregulated in Cr(VI)-transformed cells compared to that of passage-matched normal BEAS-2B cells. Knockdown of NEDD9 by its shRNA reduced invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3), a long noncoding RNA, was lost and microRNA 145 (miR-145) was upregulated in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. MEG3 was bound to miR-145 and this binding reduced its activity. Overexpression of MEG3 or inhibition of miR-145 decreased invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Overexpression of MEG3 was able to decrease miR-145 level and NEDD9 protein level in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Ectopic expression of MEG3 was also shown to reduce β-catenin activation. Inhibition of miR-145 in Cr(VI)-transformed cells decreased Slug, an important transcription factor that regulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Inhibition of miR-145 was found to increase MEG3 in Cr(VI)-transformed cells. Further studies showed that mutation of MEG3 at the binding site for miR-145 did not change NEDD9 and failed to decrease invasion and migration. The present study demonstrated that loss of MEG3 and upregulation of miR-145 elevated NEDD9, resulting in activation of β-catenin and further upregulation of EMT, leading to increased invasion and migration of Cr(VI)-transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Jingxia Li
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Bo Yan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Huailu Tu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 341 East 25 Street, New York, New York, 10010, USA
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Benetatos L, Benetatou A, Vartholomatos G. Epialleles and epiallelic heterogeneity in hematological malignancies. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:139. [PMID: 35834015 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01737-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation has a well-established role in the pathogenesis, prognosis, and response to treatment in all the spectra of hematological malignancies. However, most of the data reported involve average DNA methylation observed in a sample. The emergence of bisulfite sequencing methods such as enhanced reduced representation that permit analyze adjacent CpGs led to exciting findings. Among these are the epialleles shift and the resulting epigenetic heterogeneity observed in leukemias and lymphomas. Epialleles seem to have an influential role as the cause of mutations that characterize leukemias, may stratify groups with different prognosis and response to treatment, and may be redistributed in the genome at different time points of the disease promoting activation of alternate transcriptional networks. Epiallelic shift may be responsible for the intratumor heterogeneity observed within the cells of the same tumor which increases with disease aggressiveness. It may also responsible for the interpatient heterogeneity explaining why blood cancers exhibit different behavior among different patients. Understanding better epiallelic conformation and the consequent chromatin conformational changes and the pathways that may be affected will permit deeper understanding of hematological malignancies pathogenesis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Benetatos
- Blood Bank, Preveza General Hospital, Selefkias 2, 48100, Preveza, Greece.
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Desantis V, Solimando AG, Saltarella I, Sacco A, Giustini V, Bento M, Lamanuzzi A, Melaccio A, Frassanito MA, Paradiso A, Montagnani M, Vacca A, Roccaro AM. MicroRNAs as a Potential New Preventive Approach in the Transition from Asymptomatic to Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153650. [PMID: 34359551 PMCID: PMC8344971 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common haematologic malignancy, and it remains an incurable disease despite the advances of novel therapies. It is characterised by a multistep process that arises from a pre-malignant asymptomatic status-defined monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), evolves to a middle stage named smouldering myeloma phase (SMM), and culminates in the active disease (MM). Identification of early and non-invasive markers of the disease progression is currently an active field of investigation. In this review, we discuss the role and significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers to predict the clinical transition from MGUS/SMM status to MM. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterised by proliferation of clonal plasma cells (PCs) within the bone marrow (BM). Myelomagenesis is a multi-step process which goes from an asymptomatic phase, defined as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), to a smouldering myeloma (SMM) stage, to a final active MM disease, characterised by hypercalcemia, renal failure, bone lesions anemia, and higher risk of infections. Overall, microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown to significantly impact on MM tumorigenesis, as a result of miRNA-dependent modulation of genes involved in pathways known to be crucial for MM pathogenesis and disease progression. We aim to revise the literature related to the role of miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, thus highlighting their key role as novel players within the field of MM and related premalignant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Desantis
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Viviana Giustini
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Marta Bento
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Unit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Aldo M. Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (A.M.R.)
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4
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Anelli L, Zagaria A, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Dysregulation of miRNA in Leukemia: Exploiting miRNA Expression Profiles as Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137156. [PMID: 34281210 PMCID: PMC8269043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have a crucial role in cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. miRNAs may act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors; therefore, they prevent or promote tumorigenesis, and abnormal expression has been reported in many malignancies. The role of miRNA in leukemia pathogenesis is still emerging, but several studies have suggested using miRNA expression profiles as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy in leukemia. In this review, the role of miRNAs most frequently involved in leukemia pathogenesis is discussed, focusing on the class of circulating miRNAs, consisting of cell-free RNA molecules detected in several body fluids. Circulating miRNAs could represent new potential non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of leukemia that are easy to isolate and characterize. The dysregulation of some miRNAs involved in both myeloid and lymphoid leukemia, such as miR-155, miR-29, let-7, and miR-15a/miR-16-1 clusters is discussed, showing their possible employment as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Anelli
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Antonella Zagaria
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- School of Medicine, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70100 Bari, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70100 Bari, Italy; (L.A.); (A.Z.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39(0)-80-547-8031; Fax: +39-(0)80-559-3471
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5
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Attia HRM, Abdelrahman AH, Ibrahim MH, Eid MM, Eid OM, Sallam MT, El Gammal MM, Kamel MM. Altered Expression of MicroRNAs in the Bone Marrow of Multiple Myeloma Patients and their Relationship to Cytogenetic Aberrations. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1394-1401. [PMID: 32196445 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200320135139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a complex hematologic malignancy, driven by several genetic and epigenetic alterations. MiRNAs as biomarkers have become a rapidly growing research area in the last decade. AIM The aim was to study the expression pattern of selected miRNAs and to explore the impact of cytogenetic aberrations in MM patients for therapeutic tools. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty Egyptian adult patients were selected for the study with symptomatic newly diagnosed MM disease. Bone marrow samples were collected to investigate twelve miRNAs selected according to their relation to the most common cytogenetic aberrations with relevant prognostic value. The relative expression of the selected miRNAs was determined using a real-time PCR technique. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) technique was performed for cytogenetic analysis. RESULTS Eight miRNAs were down-regulated [miR-15a (p<0.001), miR214-3p (p<0.001), miR135b (p<0.001), miR19a-3p (p<0.001), miR19b-3p ((p=0.026), miR30e-5p (NS), miR133a (NS), miR146a- 5p (p<0.001)]. Four miRNAs were up-regulated [miR99b-5p (p=0.028), miR125a-3p (p=0.004), let7b- 5p (p<0.001), let7c-5p (p<0.001)]. Significant relation was observed between positive 14q32 rearrangement using the break apart re-arrangement probe for 14q32.33 locus and lower expression levels of miR15a (p= 0.014), 214-3p (p=0.046), 99b-5p (p=0.014), 146a-5p (p=0.041). A higher expression level of miR30e-5p was significantly related to positive 14q32 rearrangement. CONCLUSION Deregulated miRNAs were identified and the association with 14q32 rearrangement and MM pathogenesis has been determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa R M Attia
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany H Abdelrahman
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona H Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha M Eid
- Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ola M Eid
- Department of Human Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Sallam
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad M El Gammal
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Kamel
- Immunology & Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) Unit, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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MicroRNAs-Based Nano-Strategies as New Therapeutic Approach in Multiple Myeloma to Overcome Disease Progression and Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093084. [PMID: 32349317 PMCID: PMC7247691 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, or miRs) are single-strand short non-coding RNAs with a pivotal role in the regulation of physiological- or disease-associated cellular processes. They bind to target miRs modulating gene expression at post-transcriptional levels. Here, we present an overview of miRs deregulation in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM), and discuss the potential use of miRs/nanocarriers association in clinic. Since miRs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, strategies based on their inhibition and/or replacement represent the new opportunities in cancer therapy. The miRs delivery systems include liposomes, polymers, and exosomes that increase their physical stability and prevent nuclease degradation. Phase I/II clinical trials support the importance of miRs as an innovative therapeutic approach in nanomedicine to prevent cancer progression and drug resistance. Results in clinical practice are promising.
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Li Z, Liu L, Du C, Yu Z, Yang Y, Xu J, Wei X, Zhan F, Lai Y, Qiu L, Hao M. Therapeutic effects of oligo-single-stranded DNA mimicking of hsa-miR-15a-5p on multiple myeloma. Cancer Gene Ther 2020; 27:869-877. [PMID: 31988477 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-0161-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that a few novel agents improve the outcome of patients, MM remains incurable. Hence, developing a novel treatment strategy may prove to be promising for the clinical management of MM. Noncoding small RNAs, a cluster of RNAs that do not encode functional proteins, have been underlined that play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of MM. Our previous study indicated that miR-15a acted as a tumor suppressor, which inhibited the cell proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of MM cells. The level of miR-15a was downregulated in MM cells and correlated with inferior outcome of MM patients. In the present study, we first developed an oligo-single-stranded DNA mimicking the sequence of hsa-miR-15a-5p (OMM-15a) and modified with locked nucleic acid (LNA-15a) to evaluate its anti-MM effects. Our results indicated that the LNA-15a presented an exciting anti-MM effect that showed notable cell growth suppression and apoptosis promotion in MM and other cancer cell lines through downregulating the expression level of target genes BCL-2, VEGF-A, and PHF19. Moreover, LNA-15a treatment significantly improved the anti-MM activity of bortezomib with the synergism effect in OCI-My5 MM cells. In our in vivo study, LNA-15a treatment significantly suppressed the tumor growth, and prolonged the survival of mice compared with the control group. However, our results indicated that the native form of oligo-single-stranded DNA mimic of hsa-miR-15a-5p (OMM-15a) without any modification had no effective inhibition on cell growth, even after increasing the dosage of OMM-15a in the treatment. Altogether, our finding provides the preclinical rationale to support the oligo-single-stranded DNA mimic of hsa-miR-15a with LNA modification, which is a promising tool for the therapy of both MM and other tumors with miR-15a downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Li
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Lanting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Chenxing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Zhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Xiaojing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Fenghuang Zhan
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yongrong Lai
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
| | - Lugui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Mu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
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Yan S, Jia C, Quan L, Zhao L, Tian Y, Liu A. Significance of the microRNA‑17‑92 gene cluster expressed in B‑cell non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:2459-2467. [PMID: 31322189 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the prognostic value of the microRNA (miR)‑17‑92 gene cluster, the expression of miR‑17‑92 in B‑cell non‑Hodgkin's lymphoma (B‑NHL) was examined. Patients with B‑NHL, who received therapy in the Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital between January 2012 and October 2014, were enrolled in the study. The expression of the miR‑17‑92 cluster in tumor tissue samples was detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The overall survival (OS) and event‑free survival (EFS) times were also investigated by the Kaplan‑Meier method and comparisons between groups were estimated using a log‑rank test. Three types of lymphoid cancer cells with wild‑type (WT), knockout of miR‑17‑92 (KO), and overexpression of miR‑17‑92 (TG), were utilized to establish a tumor xenograft model, and a reactive hyperplasia lymph cell was used as a control. The tumor incubation times and weights were examined. A total of 71 patients with B‑NHL were registered. No significant correlations were identified between the expression of miR‑17‑92 and clinical factors (P>0.05). Members of the miR‑17‑92 cluster exhibited various expression in the subtypes of B‑NHL, and the difference between follicular lymphoma (FL) and germinal center B‑cell like (GBC) was most marked. The overexpression of miR‑18, miR‑19a, and miR‑92a induced a marked reduction in the OS of patients with B‑NHL, and high‑levels of miR‑19a and miR‑92a led to a decline in EFS. The overexpression of miR‑17‑92 shortened the duration of incubation required for visualization of the xenograft tumor, whereas knockout led to inhibition of tumor formation. The expression of miR‑17‑92 in FL differed significantly from that in GBC, and miR‑19a may have a crucial effect on the OS and EFS of patients with B‑NHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Yan
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Chuiming Jia
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Lina Quan
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Lina Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Tian
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
| | - Aichun Liu
- Department of Hematology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150080, P.R. China
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Yuan X, Ma R, Yang S, Jiang L, Wang Z, Zhu Z, Li H. miR-520g and miR-520h overcome bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma via suppressing APE1. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:1660-1669. [PMID: 31204563 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1632138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, microRNAs (miRNAs) attract much attention in regulating anticancer drug resistance in cancers including multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib is the first-line choice in MM treatment, and bortezomib resistance caused by aberrant DNA repair leads to the recurrence and therapeutic failure of MM. Objective: Our study aims to identify a miRNA that overcomes bortezomib resistance in MM. Methods: We established bortezomib-resistant MM cell lines, and screened several miRNAs that have aberrant expressions in MM cell lines. The expression of DNA-repair-related proteins were assessed by western blot, and cell viability was determined by the MTT assay in bortezomib-resistant cell lines. The binding between miRNAs and 3'-UTR of APE1 mRNA was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. The mouse bortezomib-resistant xenograft was established to verify the therapeutic effect of miRNA overexpression. Results: miR-520g and miR-520h were significantly downregulated in bortezomib-resistant MM cell lines, and overexpression of miR-520g and miR-520h together inhibited expression of homologous recombination-related protein Rad51 and cell viability of bortezomib-resistant MM cells in vitro by binding with 3'-UTR of APE1 mRNA. Combined overexpression of miR-520g and miR-520h inhibited bortezomib-resistant MM tumor growth in vivo. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that combined overexpression of miR-520g and miR-520h overcomes bortezomib resistance in MM through inhibition of DNA repair, offering a promising therapeutic target for MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yuan
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Rongjun Ma
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Li Jiang
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Zhen Wang
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Zunmin Zhu
- a Department of Hematology, Henan Key Laboratory for Hematology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital , People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
| | - Hongwei Li
- b Department of Neurosurgery , the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan , China
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Chong PSY, Chng WJ, de Mel S. STAT3: A Promising Therapeutic Target in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050731. [PMID: 31130718 PMCID: PMC6562880 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy for which novel treatment options are required. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) overexpression in MM appears to be mediated by a variety of factors including interleukin-6 signaling and downregulation of Src homology phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). STAT3 overexpression in MM is associated with an adverse prognosis and may play a role in microenvironment-dependent treatment resistance. In addition to its pro-proliferative role, STAT3 upregulates anti-apoptotic proteins and leads to microRNA dysregulation in MM. Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3) is an oncogenic phosphatase which is upregulated by STAT3. PRL-3 itself promotes STAT-3 phosphorylation resulting in a positive feedback loop. PRL-3 is overexpressed in a subset of MM patients and may cooperate with STAT3 to promote survival of MM cells. Indirectly targeting STAT3 via JAK (janus associated kinase) inhibition has shown promise in early clinical trials. Specific inhibitors of STAT3 showed in vitro efficacy but have failed in clinical trials while several STAT3 inhibitors derived from herbs have been shown to induce apoptosis of MM cells in vitro. Optimising the pharmacokinetic profiles of novel STAT3 inhibitors and identifying how best to combine these agents with existing anti-myeloma therapy are key questions to be addressed in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyllis S Y Chong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
| | - Sanjay de Mel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119074, Singapore.
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11
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Szymczyk A, Macheta A, Podhorecka M. Abnormal microRNA expression in the course of hematological malignancies. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:4267-4277. [PMID: 30349361 PMCID: PMC6183594 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the carcinogenesis process is currently focused primarily on understanding its genetic basis and molecular abnormalities that may be predictive factors and therapeutic targets. It was clearly confirmed recently that microRNAs are involved in the mechanisms of leukocyte development, differentiation, and apoptosis, as well as in the pathogenesis of proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic system. Currently, research strategies allow determination of the deregulation of microRNA profiles in relation to other cytogenetic aberrations, as well as prognostic factors and primary end points. The problem of the possibility of their use as therapeutic targets is also increasingly discussed. In this article, we analyze literature data on abnormalities in microRNA expression in proliferative diseases of the hematopoietic system in the context of classic cytogenetic and molecular aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Szymczyk
- Independent Clinical Transplantology Unit, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,
| | - Arkadiusz Macheta
- Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Monika Podhorecka
- Department of Haematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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12
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Zhao L, Li Y, Song X, Zhou H, Li N, Miao Y, Jia L. Upregulation of miR-181c inhibits chemoresistance by targeting ST8SIA4 in chronic myelocytic leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60074-60086. [PMID: 27527856 PMCID: PMC5312369 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy resistance frequently drives tumor progression. Increased expression of ST8SIA4 has been reported in diverse carcinomas and highly correlates with leukemia multidrug resistance (MDR). MicroRNAs (miRNA) are widely recognized as key players in cancer progression and drug resistance. Here, to explore whether miRNA modulates the sensitivity of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) to chemotherapeutic agents and regulates ST8SIA4 expression, we analyzed the complete miRNA expression profile and found a subset of miRNAs specifically dysregulated in adriamycin-resistant CML cell line K562/ADR and its parent cell line K562. Compared with three pairs of CML cell lines and 38 clinical samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of CML patients, miR-181c expression was down-regulated in drug-resistant cell lines and CML/MDR samples. Altered expression levels of miR-181c influenced the MDR phenotypes of K562 and K562/ADR. Reporter-gene assay showed that miR-181c directly targeted and inhibited the ST8SIA4 expression, as well as miR-181c was inversely correlated with the levels of ST8SIA4 expression in CML cell lines and samples. Moreover, ST8SIA4 could reverse the effect of miR-181c on drug resistance in K562 and K562/ADR cells in vitro. Upregulation of miR-181c sensitized K562/ADR cells to adriamycin in vivo through directly suppressing ST8SIA4 expression. Further investigation showed that miR-181c mediated the activity of phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signal pathway, and inhibition of PI3K/Akt in K562 cells counteracted miR-181c-mediated MDR phenotype. These data revealed an important role for miR-181c in the regulation of chemoresistance in CML, and suggested the potential application of miR-181c in drug resistance treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifen Zhao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaobo Song
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Nana Li
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yuan Miao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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13
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Abdi J, Jian H, Chang H. Role of micro-RNAs in drug resistance of multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60723-60735. [PMID: 27494872 PMCID: PMC5312415 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While novel therapeutic approaches have profoundly improved survival of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, drug resistance and treatment refractoriness still persists. This obstacle highly demands thorough investigation into the root and underlying molecular mechanisms to develop more effective strategies. The advent of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in the study of cancer biology and pathogenesis in recent years has revolutionized therapy in this field and particularly opened new windows to further understanding of tumor drug resistance. However; in spite of the fact that miRNAs involvement in MM pathogenesis and progression has been substantially evidenced, miRNA investigation in MM drug resistance is still in its infancy. Our knowledge of the potential role of miRNAs in MM drug resistance comes from few recent reports confirming that some miRNAs including miR-137/197, miR-21 and miR-221/222 could negatively modulate drug sensitivity of MM cells. Further continuous researches are required to exploit miRNAs to elucidate the critical mechanisms controlling drug resistance in MM. In this review, we will highlight the most recent observations on the role of miRNAs in MM drug resistance. Moreover, approaches and insights into clinical application of miRNAs to overcome MM drug resistance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Abdi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hou Jian
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Hematology and Medical Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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14
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Ma J, Gong W, Liu S, Li Q, Guo M, Wang J, Wang S, Chen N, Wang Y, Liu Q, Zhao H. Ibrutinib targets microRNA-21 in multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting NF-κB and STAT3. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428317731369. [PMID: 29320977 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317731369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic microRNA-21 contributes to the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Ibrutinib (also referred to as PCI-32765), an inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, while its effects on multiple myeloma have not been well described. Here, we show that microRNA-21 is an oncogenic marker closely linked with progression of multiple myeloma. Moreover, ibrutinib attenuates microRNA-21 expression in multiple myeloma cells by inhibiting nuclear factor-κB and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathways. Taken together, our results suggest that ibrutinib is a promising potential treatment for multiple myeloma. Further investigation of mechanisms of ibrutinib function in multiple myeloma will be necessary to evaluate its use as a novel multiple myeloma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- 1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy and Department of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- 2 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Gong
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Su Liu
- 1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy and Department of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Li
- 1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy and Department of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengzheng Guo
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinhan Wang
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Suying Wang
- 2 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Naiyao Chen
- 4 Department of Hematology and Tangshan Key Laboratory, Translational Medical Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- 1 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy and Department of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- 3 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- 2 Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- 4 Department of Hematology and Tangshan Key Laboratory, Translational Medical Center, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
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15
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Lv H, Wu X, Ma G, Sun L, Meng J, Song X, Zhang J. An integrated bioinformatical analysis of miR-19a target genes in multiple myeloma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4711-4720. [PMID: 29201171 PMCID: PMC5704339 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-19a, as an oncomiR, has been studied in several types of cancer; however, its role in the development and progression of multiple myeloma (MM) remains unclear. The present study used a bioinformatics approach to investigate the involvement of miR-19a in MM. miR-19a targets were predicted using target prediction programs, followed by screening for differentially expressed genes in MM. The function of these genes was then annotated using gene ontology term enrichment, signaling pathway enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. In addition, natural language processing (NLP) was performed to identify genes associated with MM. A total of 715 putative targets of miR-19a were identified in the present study, of which 40 were experimentally validated. A total of 121 genes were identified to be differentially expressed in MM, including 80 upregulated genes and 41 downregulated genes. Among the differentially expressed genes, ras homolog family member B, clathrin heavy chain, prosaposin and protein phosphatase 6 regulatory subunit 2 were predicted target genes of miR-19a. The results of NLP revealed that 2 of the differentially expressed genes, Y-box binding protein 1 and TP53 regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1, were reported to be associated with MM. In addition, 41 target genes of miR-19a were identified to be associated with the development and progression of MM. These results may aid in understanding the molecular mechanisms of miR-19a in the development and progression of MM. In addition, the results of the present study indicate that targets genes of miR-19a are potential candidate biomarkers for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Lv
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xianda Wu
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guiru Ma
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Meng
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Song
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Jinqiao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang L, Cao D, Tang L, Sun C, HU Y. A panel of circulating mi
RNA
s as diagnostic biomarkers for screening multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Int J Lab Hematol 2016; 38:589-599. [PMID: 27870469 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Zhang
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - D. Cao
- Institute of Cancer Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan University WuhanChina
| | - L. Tang
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - C. Sun
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Y. HU
- Department of Hematology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei China
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhou SY, Yan HZ, Xu DD, Chen HX, Wang XY, Wang X, Liu YT, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhou PJ, Fu WY, Ruan BB, Ma DL, Wang Y, Liu QY, Ren Z, Liu Z, Zhang R, Wang YF. miR-203 inhibits proliferation and self-renewal of leukemia stem cells by targeting survivin and Bmi-1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19995. [PMID: 26847520 PMCID: PMC4742816 DOI: 10.1038/srep19995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the leading causes of failed cancer therapy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Although the mechanisms of resistance are poorly understood, they may be related to the presence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Down-regulation of the miR-203 reportedly contributes to oncogenesis and chemo-resistance in multiple cancers. We found that miR-203 expression was down-regulated in CD34 + AML cells as compared with CD34− cells isolated from patients as well as in LSC-enriched (CD34 + CD38−) cell lines KG-1a or MOLM13. Additionally, re-expression of miR-203 led to decreased cell proliferation, self-renewal, and sphere formation in LSCs. Moreover, miR-203 was found to directly target the 3′un-translated regions of survivin and Bmi-1 mRNAs affecting proliferation and self-renewal in LSCs. In this study, we identified a novel miR-203/survivin/Bmi-1 axis involved in the regulation of biological properties of LSCs. This axis may represent a new therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia and a potential prognosis/diagnostic marker for LSCs therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China.,Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China.,Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, U.S.A
| | - Shu-yan Zhou
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Wan-nan Medical College, Wuhu, 241000, P.R. China
| | - Hai-zhao Yan
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Dan-dan Xu
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Hai-xuan Chen
- College of medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-yan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yu-ting Liu
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Wang
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Peng-jun Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wu-yu Fu
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bi-bo Ruan
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Medical College, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong-lei Ma
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Qiu-ying Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
| | - Yi-fei Wang
- College of life science and technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China.,Institute of Biomedicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, P.R. China
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18
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Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Relapse and Refractory Multiple Myeloma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:341430. [PMID: 26649299 PMCID: PMC4663284 DOI: 10.1155/2015/341430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that remains incurable because most patients eventually relapse or become refractory to current treatments. Although the treatments have improved, the major problem in MM is resistance to therapy. Clonal evolution of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment changes contribute to drug resistance. Some mechanisms affect both MM cells and microenvironment, including the up- and downregulation of microRNAs and programmed death factor 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 interaction. Here, we review the pathogenesis of MM cells and bone marrow microenvironment and highlight possible drug resistance mechanisms. We also review a potential molecular targeting treatment and immunotherapy for patients with refractory or relapse MM.
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19
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Lyra-González I, Flores-Fong LE, González-García I, Medina-Preciado D, Armendáriz-Borunda J. MicroRNAs dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma: Insights in genomic medicine. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:1530-1540. [PMID: 26085912 PMCID: PMC4462691 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i11.1530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading primary liver cancer and its clinical outcome is still poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have demonstrated an interesting potential to regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level. Current findings suggest that miRNAs deregulation in cancer is caused by genetic and/or epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications resulting in abnormal expression and hallmarks of malignant transformation: aberrant cell growth, cell death, differentiation, angiogenesis, invasion and metástasis. The important role of miRNAs in the development and progression of HCC has increased the efforts to understand and develop mechanisms of control overt this single-stranded RNAs. Several studies have analyzed tumoral response to the regulation and control of deregulated miRNAs with good results in vitro and in vivo, proving that targeting aberrant expression of miRNAs is a powerful anticancer therapeutic. Identification of up and/or down regulated miRNAs related to HCC has led to the discovery of new potential application for detection of their presence in the affected organism. MiRNAs represent a relevant new target for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment in a wide variety of pathologic entities, including HCC. This manuscript intends to summarize current knowledge regarding miRNAs and their role in HCC development.
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20
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Raimondi L, Amodio N, Di Martino MT, Altomare E, Leotta M, Caracciolo D, Gullà A, Neri A, Taverna S, D'Aquila P, Alessandro R, Giordano A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Targeting of multiple myeloma-related angiogenesis by miR-199a-5p mimics: in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity. Oncotarget 2015; 5:3039-54. [PMID: 24839982 PMCID: PMC4102790 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) cells induce relevant angiogenic effects within the human bone marrow milieu (huBMM) by the aberrant expression of angiogenic factors. Hypoxia triggers angiogenic events within the huBMM and the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is over-expressed by MM cells. Since synthetic miR-199a-5p mimics negatively regulates HIF-1α, we here investigated a miRNA-based therapeutic strategy against hypoxic MM cells. We indeed found that enforced expression of miR-199a-5p led to down-modulated expression of HIF-1α as well as of other pro-angiogenic factors such as VEGF-A, IL-8, and FGFb in hypoxic MM cells in vitro. Moreover, miR-199a-5p negatively affected MM cells migration, while it increased the adhesion of MM cells to bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in hypoxic conditions. Furthermore, transfection of MM cells with miR-199a-5p significantly impaired also endothelial cells migration and down-regulated the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Finally, we identified a hypoxia/AKT/miR-199a-5p loop as a potential molecular mechanism responsible of miR-199a-5p down-regulation in hypoxic MM cells. Taken together our results indicate that miR-199a-5p has an important role for the pathogenesis of MM and support the hypothesis that targeting angiogenesis via a miRNA/HIF-1α pathway may represent a novel potential therapeutical approach for this still lethal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
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21
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Zhao JJ, Carrasco RD. Crosstalk between microRNA30a/b/c/d/e-5p and the canonical Wnt pathway: implications for multiple myeloma therapy. Cancer Res 2014; 74:5351-8. [PMID: 25228654 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of transcription via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway underlies the pathogenesis of a wide variety of frequent human cancers. These include epithelial carcinomas such as colorectal cancer and hematologic malignancies such as multiple myeloma. Thus, the Wnt/β-catenin in pathway potentially offers an attractive target for cancer therapy. This approach, however, has thus far proved challenging because the pathway plays a number of critical roles in physiologic homeostasis, [corrected] and because drugs that broadly target the pathway have unacceptable side effects. miRNAs function as regulators of gene expression and have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and other human cancers, offering the promise of novel therapeutic approaches if they can be applied effectively in vivo. Because BCL9 is a critical transcriptional coactivator of β-catenin that is aberrantly expressed in many human cancers but is of low abundance in normal tissues, [corrected] the Wnt/β-catenin/BCL9 complex has emerged as a promising and most likely relatively safe therapeutic target in cancers with dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin activity. This review discusses recent advances in the biology of Wnt inhibitors and the appealing possibility of a functional link between BCL9 and miRNA30a/b/c/d/e-5p that could be exploited for multiple myeloma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ruben D Carrasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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22
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Feng M, Luo X, Gu C, Fei J. Seed targeting with tiny anti-miR-155 inhibits malignant progression of multiple myeloma cells. J Drug Target 2014; 23:59-66. [PMID: 25185784 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2014.951653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-155 acts as a ubiquitous oncogene in major classes of human cancers and is a potential target for therapeutic intervention. However, the role of miR-155 in multiple myeloma is poorly understood. METHODS To explore the role of miR-155 in multiple myeloma, we assessed the influence of tiny seed-targeting anti-miR-155 (t-anti-miR-155) on multiple myeloma cell line (RPMI-8266) viability and apoptosis in vitro. RESULTS t-anti-miR-155 significantly inhibited multiple myeloma cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation. Additionally, t-anti-miR-155 significantly increased CD19 positive cell numbers, which are novel biomarkers for multiple myeloma and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1(SOCS1) was shown to be a target gene for miR-155 in multiple myeloma. Finally, the miR-155 signaling pathway was investigated by KEGG assay. CONCLUSION miR-155 in RPMI-8266 cells is a critical oncomiR in multiple myeloma and seed-targeting t-anti-miR-155 might be a novel strategy for miR-155-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiao Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University , Guangzhou , P.R. China
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24
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MicroRNA-21 and multiple myeloma: small molecule and big function. Med Oncol 2014; 31:94. [PMID: 24981236 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a monoclonal malignant plasma cell disorder with an apparent homogeneity as opposed to leukemia and lymphomas. The recent introduction of thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib has prolonged survival of patients with MM, and drug resistance or relapse of disease is perhaps still the major concern. Deregulation of hundreds of genes and multiple signaling pathways leads to MM pathogenesis and disease progression. While many of these genes and signaling pathways are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small 19-22 nucleotide single-stranded RNAs that either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes play an important role in the progression and pathogenesis of cancer. Among them, microRNA-21 (miR-21) is frequently up-regulated in many cancers. Recent studies have shown that miR-21 displays an important role in the occurrence, development, recurrence and drug resistance of MM. In this review, we aim at summarizing the current knowledge of miR-21 functions in MM, with an emphasis on its laboratory research and clinical research in MM.
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Wu W, Merriman K, Nabaah A, Seval N, Seval D, Lin H, Wang M, Qazilbash MH, Baladandayuthapani V, Berry D, Orlowski RZ, Lee MH, Yeung SCJ. The association of diabetes and anti-diabetic medications with clinical outcomes in multiple myeloma. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:628-36. [PMID: 24921909 PMCID: PMC4119980 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 05/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signalling may underlie the promoting effect of type 2 diabetes on cancer. This study examined the association of diabetes, including steroid-induced diabetes (SID), and the impact of anti-diabetic medication on clinical outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 1240 MM patients. Overall survival (OS) and MM disease status prior to death were analysed. Results: Diabetic patients had a significantly shorter OS than non-diabetic patients (median: 65.4 vs 98.7 months). In multivariate analysis, SID was a significant predictor of decreased OS, along with age, comorbidity, MM stage, and cytogenetic abnormalities. Analyzing only the diabetic MM patients, Cox regression showed that metformin predicted an increased OS, whereas use of insulin/analogues predicted a decreased OS. Competing risk analysis showed that DM was associated with increased cumulative incidence of death with progressive MM. Among the diabetics, multivariate regression showed that insulin/analogues were associated with increased, but metformin with decreased death with progressive MM. Potential immortal time bias was evaluated by landmark analyses. Conclusions: DM, SID in particular, is associated with poor clinical outcomes in MM. Insulin/analogues are associated with poor outcomes, whereas metformin is associated with improved outcomes. No conclusion about causal relationships can be made at this time. Managing hyperglycaemia with non-insulin regimens should be investigated in randomised trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- 1] Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA [2] Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - K Merriman
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Nabaah
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N Seval
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Seval
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - H Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Wang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M H Qazilbash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - V Baladandayuthapani
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Berry
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Z Orlowski
- 1] Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA [2] Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M-H Lee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S-C J Yeung
- 1] Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA [2] Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Campo S, Allegra A, D'Ascola A, Alonci A, Scuruchi M, Russo S, Avenoso A, Gerace D, Campo GM, Musolino C. MiRNome expression is deregulated in the peripheral lymphoid compartment of multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2014; 165:801-13. [PMID: 24620752 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression. Selected groups of miRNAs are differentially expressed in various types of cancers. Alterations in miRNAs gene expression have been shown in cells from the B-cell malignancy, multiple myeloma (MM). However, although MM is a disease of plasma cells, abnormalities have been detected in the peripheral blood of the patients. The goal of our study was to analyse the entire miRNome in peripheral lymphocytes of MM patients using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Using in silica analysis, we also evaluated some of the most interesting and significant pathways. Analysis revealed that MM samples had a distinct miRNA profile compared to the controls. This resulted in the identification of 203 miRNAs, 85 of which were over-expressed and 118 under-expressed. Of these, 184 possessed validated or highly predicted mRNA targets. We identified 12 354 mRNA targets of the transcriptome: 36·4% of the related proteins are involved in death processes while the 21% are required for growth and cell proliferation. We have demonstrated that miRNAs are differentially expressed in the peripheral blood of MM patients compared to controls, affecting some pathways involved in the anti-apoptotic process, cell proliferation and maybe anti-angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Abdi J, Qiu L, Chang H. Micro-RNAs, New performers in multiple myeloma bone marrow microenvironment. Biomark Res 2014; 2:10. [PMID: 24910775 PMCID: PMC4048053 DOI: 10.1186/2050-7771-2-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The established interaction between multiple myeloma cells and bone marrow microenvironment components provides malignant cells with various survival, growth and drug resistance signals. As a new concept, identification of miRNAs and their related gene/protein targets, signaling molecules and pathways in the context of bone marrow microenvironment will help understanding more deeply the pathogenesis of the disease and possible mechanisms underlying environment-induced drug resistance. Recent studies suggest that bone marrow stromal cells can modulate some miRNAs (miR-21, miR-15a/16) in multiple myeloma cells through direct adhesion, cytokine secretion or transfer of miRNA-containing exosomes, however; the specific miRNA targets are not clear. In spite of a remarkable progress in understanding myeloma biology and therapy, the disease persists to be hard to treat. This review will discuss the most recent findings on miRNAs expression and function in the context of bone marrow microenvironment highlighting the miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Abdi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 172 St George St, Toronto, ON M5R 0A3, Canada
| | - Lugui Qiu
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 172 St George St, Toronto, ON M5R 0A3, Canada
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
- Department of Laboratory Hematology, Laboratory Medicine Program, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11E-413, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
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28
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Di Martino MT, Gullà A, Cantafio MEG, Lionetti M, Leone E, Amodio N, Guzzi PH, Foresta U, Conforti F, Cannataro M, Neri A, Giordano A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. In vitro and in vivo anti-tumor activity of miR-221/222 inhibitors in multiple myeloma. Oncotarget 2014; 4:242-55. [PMID: 23479461 PMCID: PMC3712570 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A rising body of evidence suggests that silencing microRNAs (miRNAs) with oncogenic potential may represent a successful therapeutic strategy for human cancer. We investigated the therapeutic activity of miR-221/222 inhibitors against human multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Enforced expression of miR-221/222 inhibitors triggered in vitro anti-proliferative effects and up-regulation of canonic miR-221/222 targets, including p27Kip1, PUMA, PTEN and p57Kip2, in MM cells highly expressing miR-221/222. Conversely, transfection of miR-221/222 mimics increased S-phase and down-regulated p27Kip1 protein expression in MM with low basal miR-221/222 levels. The effects of miR-221/222 inhibitors was also evaluated in MM xenografts in SCID/ NOD mice. Significant anti-tumor activity was achieved in xenografted mice by the treatment with miR-221/222 inhibitors, together with up-regulation of canonic protein targets in tumors retrieved from animals. These findings provide proof of principle that silencing the miR-221/222 cluster exerts significant therapeutic activity in MM cells with high miR-221/222 level of expression, which mostly occurs in TC2 and TC4 MM groups. These findings suggest that MM genotyping may predict the therapeutic response. All together our results support a framework for clinical development of miR-221/222 inhibitors-based therapeutic strategy in this still incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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29
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Benetatos L. miR-29b: a new demethylator in multiple myeloma. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:3718-9. [PMID: 24189534 PMCID: PMC3905062 DOI: 10.4161/cc.26975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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30
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Lawasut P, Groen RWJ, Dhimolea E, Richardson PG, Anderson KC, Mitsiades CS. Decoding the pathophysiology and the genetics of multiple myeloma to identify new therapeutic targets. Semin Oncol 2013; 40:537-48. [PMID: 24135398 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the characterization of the transcriptional profiles, gene mutations and structural chromosomal lesions in myeloma cells. These studies have identified many candidate therapeutic targets, which are recurrently deregulated in myeloma cells. However, these targets do not appear, at least individually, to represent universal driver(s) of this disease. Furthermore, evaluation of these recurrent lesions does not suggest that they converge to a single molecular pathway. Detailed integration of molecular and functional data for these candidate targets and pathways will hopefully dissect which of them play more critical roles for each of the different individual molecular defined subtypes of this disease. This review focuses on how recent updates in our understanding of myeloma pathogenesis and molecular characterization may impact ongoing and future efforts to develop new therapeutics for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panisinee Lawasut
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Chulalongkorn University, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
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31
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Benetatos L, Vartholomatos G. MicroRNAs mark in the MLL-rearranged leukemia. Ann Hematol 2013; 92:1439-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-013-1803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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32
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Tagliaferri P, Rossi M, Di Martino MT, Amodio N, Leone E, Gulla A, Neri A, Tassone P. Promises and challenges of MicroRNA-based treatment of multiple myeloma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2013; 12:838-46. [PMID: 22671926 PMCID: PMC3504921 DOI: 10.2174/156800912802429355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) recently emerged with a key role in multiple myeloma (MM) pathophysiology and are considered important regulators of MM cell growth and survival. Since miRNAs can act either as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, the potential of targeting the miRNA network arises as a novel therapeutic approach for human cancer. Potential strategies based on miRNA therapeutics basically rely on miRNA inhibition or miRNA replacement approaches and take benefit respectively from the use of antagomirs or synthetic miRNAs as well as from lipid-based nanoparticles which allow an efficient miRNA-delivery. The availability of experimental in vivo platforms which recapitulate the growth of MM cells within the specific human bone marrow microenvironment in immunocompromised mice (SCID-hu and SCID-synth-hu) provides powerful systems for development of miRNA-based therapeutics in MM. Preliminary findings on the anti-MM activity of synthetic miRNAs in such experimental models offer a proof-of-principle that miRNA therapeutics is a promising opportunity for this still incurable disease representing the rationale for a new venue of investigation in this specific field.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tagliaferri
- Medical Oncology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and T. Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta Campus, Catanzaro, Italy
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33
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Benetatos L, Hatzimichael E, Londin E, Vartholomatos G, Loher P, Rigoutsos I, Briasoulis E. The microRNAs within the DLK1-DIO3 genomic region: involvement in disease pathogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:795-814. [PMID: 22825660 PMCID: PMC11114045 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian genome is transcribed in a developmentally regulated manner, generating RNA strands ranging from long to short non-coding RNA (ncRNAs). NcRNAs generated by intergenic sequences and protein-coding loci, represent up to 98 % of the human transcriptome. Non-coding transcripts comprise short ncRNAs such as microRNAs, piwi-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs and long intergenic RNAs, most of which exercise a strictly controlled negative regulation of expression of protein-coding genes. In humans, the DLK1-DIO3 genomic region, located on human chromosome 14 (14q32) contains the paternally expressed imprinted genes DLK1, RTL1, and DIO3 and the maternally expressed imprinted genes MEG3 (Gtl2), MEG8 (RIAN), and antisense RTL1 (asRTL1). This region hosts, in addition to two long intergenic RNAs, the MEG3 and MEG8, one of the largest microRNA clusters in the genome, with 53 miRNAs in the forward strand and one (mir-1247) in the reverse strand. Many of these miRNAs are differentially expressed in several pathologic processes and various cancers. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic importance of the DLK1-DIO3 domain-containing microRNA cluster may contribute to innovative therapeutic strategies in a range of diseases. Here we present an in-depth review of this vital genomic region, and examine the role the microRNAs of this region may play in controlling tissue homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of some human diseases, mostly cancer, when aberrantly expressed. The potential clinical implications of this data are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Benetatos
- Transfusion Unit, General Hospital of Preveza, Selefkias 2, 48100, Preveza, Greece.
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Leone E, Morelli E, Di Martino MT, Amodio N, Foresta U, Gullà A, Rossi M, Neri A, Giordano A, Munshi NC, Anderson KC, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Targeting miR-21 inhibits in vitro and in vivo multiple myeloma cell growth. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:2096-106. [PMID: 23446999 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deregulated expression of miRNAs plays a role in the pathogenesis and progression of multiple myeloma. Among upregulated miRNAs, miR-21 has oncogenic potential and therefore represents an attractive target for the treatment of multiple myeloma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-multiple myeloma activity of miR-21 inhibitors. RESULTS Either transient-enforced expression or lentivirus-based constitutive expression of miR-21 inhibitors triggered significant growth inhibition of primary patient multiple myeloma cells or interleukin-6-dependent/independent multiple myeloma cell lines and overcame the protective activity of human bone marrow stromal cells. Conversely, transfection of miR-21 mimics significantly increased proliferation of multiple myeloma cells, showing its tumor-promoting potential in multiple myeloma. Importantly, upregulation of miR-21 canonical validated targets (PTEN, Rho-B, and BTG2), together with functional impairment of both AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, were achieved by transfection of miR-21 inhibitors into multiple myeloma cells. In vivo delivery of miR-21 inhibitors in severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing human multiple myeloma xenografts expressing miR-21 induced significant antitumor activity. Upregulation of PTEN and downregulation of p-AKT were observed in retrieved xenografts following treatment with miR-21 inhibitors. CONCLUSION Our findings show the first evidence that in vivo antagonism of miR-21 exerts anti-multiple myeloma activity, providing the rationale for clinical development of miR-21 inhibitors in this still incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Leone
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and T. Campanella Cancer Center, Catanzaro, Italy
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Benetatos L, Voulgaris E, Vartholomatos G, Hatzimichael E. Non-coding RNAs and EZH2 interactions in cancer: long and short tales from the transcriptome. Int J Cancer 2012; 133:267-74. [PMID: 23001607 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A large amount of data indicates that non-coding RNAs represent more than the "dark matter" of the genome. Both microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs are involved in several fundamental biologic processes, and their deregulation may lead in oncogenesis. Interacting with the Polycomb-repressive complex 2 subunit EZH2, they could affect the expression of protein-coding genes and form feedback networks and autoregulatory loops. They can also form networks with upstream and downstream important factors, in which EZH2 represent the stabilizing factor of the pathway. As such non-coding RNAs affect the epigenetic modifications leading to malignant transformation.
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Di Martino MT, Leone E, Amodio N, Foresta U, Lionetti M, Pitari MR, Cantafio MEG, Gullà A, Conforti F, Morelli E, Tomaino V, Rossi M, Negrini M, Ferrarini M, Caraglia M, Shammas MA, Munshi NC, Anderson KC, Neri A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Synthetic miR-34a mimics as a novel therapeutic agent for multiple myeloma: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18:6260-70. [PMID: 23035210 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Deregulated expression of miRNAs has been shown in multiple myeloma (MM). A promising strategy to achieve a therapeutic effect by targeting the miRNA regulatory network is to enforce the expression of miRNAs that act as tumor suppressor genes, such as miR-34a. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we investigated the therapeutic potential of synthetic miR-34a against human MM cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Either transient expression of miR-34a synthetic mimics or lentivirus-based miR-34a-stable enforced expression triggered growth inhibition and apoptosis in MM cells in vitro. Synthetic miR-34a downregulated canonic targets BCL2, CDK6, and NOTCH1 at both the mRNA and protein level. Lentiviral vector-transduced MM xenografts with constitutive miR-34a expression showed high growth inhibition in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The anti-MM activity of lipidic-formulated miR-34a was further shown in vivo in two different experimental settings: (i) SCID mice bearing nontransduced MM xenografts; and (ii) SCID-synth-hu mice implanted with synthetic 3-dimensional scaffolds reconstituted with human bone marrow stromal cells and then engrafted with human MM cells. Relevant tumor growth inhibition and survival improvement were observed in mice bearing TP53-mutated MM xenografts treated with miR-34a mimics in the absence of systemic toxicity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide a proof-of-principle that formulated synthetic miR-34a has therapeutic activity in preclinical models and support a framework for development of miR-34a-based treatment strategies in MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria T Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University and Medical Oncology Unit, T Campanella Cancer Center, Salvatore Venuta University Campus; Pathology Unit, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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37
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Wong KY, Huang X, Chim CS. DNA methylation of microRNA genes in multiple myeloma. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1629-38. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Based on the clinical features of myeloma and related malignancies of plasma cells, it has been possible to generate a model system of myeloma progression from a normal plasma cell through smouldering myeloma to myeloma and then plasma cell leukaemia. Using this model system we can study at which points the genetic alterations identified through whole-tumour molecular analyses function in the initiation and progression of myeloma. Further genetic complexity, such as intraclonal heterogeneity, and insights into the molecular evolution and intraclonal dynamics in this model system are crucial to our understandings of tumour progression, treatment resistance and the use of currently available and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth J Morgan
- Haemato-oncology Research Unit, Division of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden Hospital, 15 Cotswold Road, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK.
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