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Iwai Y, Toumbou K, Zuze T, Morgan JS, Simwinga L, Wright ST, Fedoriw Y, Oladeru OT, Balogun OD, Roberson ML, Olopade OI, Tomoka T, Elmore SN. Breast Cancer Germline Genetic Counseling and Testing for Populations of African Heritage Globally: A Scoping Review on Research, Practice, and Bioethical Considerations. JCO Glob Oncol 2023; 9:e2300154. [PMID: 37944088 PMCID: PMC10645409 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the disproportionately high risk of breast cancer among women of African heritage, little is known about the facilitators and barriers to implementing germline genetic testing and counseling (GT/C). METHODS This scoping review followed guidelines recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. Published manuscripts from database inception through 2021 were sourced from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature via EBSCO, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. Search terms were used to retrieve articles addressing (1) African heritage, (2) breast cancer, and (3) GT or GC. The screening involved abstract and title review and full-text review. Data were extracted for all articles meeting the inclusion criteria. RESULTS A total of 154 studies were included. Most studies that took place were conducted in the United States (71.4%), and most first authors (76.9%) were from the United States. GT was conducted in 73 (49.7%) studies. BRCA1/BRCA2 were the most commonly studied genes for germline mutations. GC was conducted in 49 studies (33.3%), and perspectives on GC were evaluated in 43 (29.3%). The use of racial/ethnic categories varied broadly, although African American was most common (40.1%). Racism was mentioned in three studies (2.0%). CONCLUSION There is a growing body of literature on GT/C for breast cancer in women of African heritage. Future studies on GT/C of African populations should consider increased clarity around racial/ethnic categorizations, continued community engagement, and intentional processes for informed consent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Iwai
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | - Jenny S. Morgan
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | | | - Sarah T. Wright
- UNC Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Yuri Fedoriw
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Oluwadamilola T. Oladeru
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, FL
| | | | - Mya L. Roberson
- Department of Health Policy, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | | | - Shekinah N.C. Elmore
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
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2
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Nizam W, Yeo HL, Obeng-Gyasi S, Brock MV, Johnston FM. Disparities in Surgical Oncology: Management of Advanced Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 28:8056-8073. [PMID: 34268636 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significant variations in the patterns of care, incidence, and mortality rates of several common cancers have been noted. These disparities have been attributed to a complex interplay of factors, including genetic, environmental, and healthcare-related components. Within this review, primarily focusing on commonly occurring cancers (breast, lung, colorectal), we initially summarize the burden of these disparities with regard to incidence and screening patterns. We then explore the interaction between several proven genetic, epigenetic, and environmental influences that are known to contribute to these disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasay Nizam
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Heather L Yeo
- Department of Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samilia Obeng-Gyasi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Malcolm V Brock
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fabian M Johnston
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Division of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology, Peritoneal Surface Malignancy Program, Complex General Surgical Oncology Fellowship, Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Zhang Y, Park JY, Zhang F, Olson SH, Orlow I, Li Y, Kurtz RC, Ladanyi M, Chen J, Toland AE, Zhang L, Andreassen PR. The p.Ser64Leu and p.Pro104Leu missense variants of PALB2 identified in familial pancreatic cancer patients compromise the DNA damage response. Hum Mutat 2020; 42:150-163. [PMID: 33169439 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
PALB2 has been identified as a breast and pancreatic cancer susceptibility gene. Utilizing a targeted sequencing approach, we discovered two novel germline missense PALB2 variants c.191C>T and c.311C>T, encoding p.Ser64Leu and p.Pro104Leu, respectively, in individuals in a pancreatic cancer registry. No missense PALB2 variants from familial pancreatic cancer patients, and few PALB2 variants overall, have been functionally characterized. Given the known role of PALB2, we tested the impact of p.Ser64Leu and p.Pro104Leu variants on DNA damage responses. Neither p.Ser64Leu nor p.Pro104Leu have clear effects on interactions with BRCA1 and KEAP1, which are mediated by adjacent motifs in PALB2. However, both variants are associated with defective recruitment of PALB2, and the RAD51 recombinase downstream, to DNA damage foci. Furthermore, p.Ser64Leu and p.Pro104Leu both largely compromise DNA double-strand break-initiated homologous recombination, and confer increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor Olaparib. Taken together, our results represent the first demonstration of functionally deleterious PALB2 missense variants associated with familial pancreatic cancer and of deleterious variants in the N-terminus outside of the coiled-coil domain. Furthermore, our results suggest the possibility of personalized treatments, using IR or PARP inhibitor, of pancreatic and other cancers that carry a deleterious PALB2 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jung-Young Park
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sara H Olson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yirong Li
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Robert C Kurtz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences - Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Amanda E Toland
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paul R Andreassen
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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4
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Germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and RAD51C in breast cancer women from Argentina. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 178:629-636. [PMID: 31446535 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-019-05411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Each year, 17,000 new breast cancer cases are diagnosed in Argentina, and 5400 women die of breast cancer. The contribution of cancer-related mutations to the incidence of breast cancer in Argentina has not yet been explored. METHODS We sequenced the entire coding regions of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and RAD51C in 112 unselected Argentinian breast cancer patients. RESULTS A pathogenic genetic variant was found in 12 of 112 (10.7%) patients; two in BRCA1 (1.8%), five in BRCA2 (4.5%), four in PALB2 (3.6%) and one in RAD51C (0.9%). Three of four (75%) PALB2 mutation carriers carried the same variant (c.1653T > A). CONCLUSIONS A founder mutation in PALB2 accounts for up to 4% of breast cancer patients in Argentina. BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and RAD51C should be included in the genetic testing panel of breast cancer patients in Argentina.
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5
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Ding YC, Adamson AW, Steele L, Bailis AM, John EM, Tomlinson G, Neuhausen SL. Discovery of mutations in homologous recombination genes in African-American women with breast cancer. Fam Cancer 2018; 17:187-195. [PMID: 28864920 PMCID: PMC5834346 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
African-American women are more likely to develop aggressive breast cancer at younger ages and experience poorer cancer prognoses than non-Hispanic Caucasians. Deficiency in repair of DNA by homologous recombination (HR) is associated with cancer development, suggesting that mutations in genes that affect this process may cause breast cancer. Inherited pathogenic mutations have been identified in genes involved in repairing DNA damage, but few studies have focused on African-Americans. We screened for germline mutations in seven HR repair pathway genes in DNA of 181 African-American women with breast cancer, evaluated the potential effects of identified missense variants using in silico prediction software, and functionally characterized a set of missense variants by yeast two-hybrid assays. We identified five likely-damaging variants, including two PALB2 truncating variants (Q151X and W1038X) and three novel missense variants (RAD51C C135R, and XRCC3 L297P and V337E) that abolish protein-protein interactions in yeast two-hybrid assays. Our results add to evidence that HR gene mutations account for a proportion of the genetic risk for developing breast cancer in African-Americans. Identifying additional mutations that diminish HR may provide a tool for better assessing breast cancer risk and improving approaches for targeted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chun Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Aaron W Adamson
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Linda Steele
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Adam M Bailis
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Esther M John
- Cancer Prevention Institute of California, Fremont, CA, USA
- Department of Health Research & Policy (Epidemiology), and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Gail Tomlinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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6
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Foo TK, Tischkowitz M, Simhadri S, Boshari T, Zayed N, Burke KA, Berman SH, Blecua P, Riaz N, Huo Y, Ding YC, Neuhausen SL, Weigelt B, Reis-Filho JS, Foulkes WD, Xia B. Compromised BRCA1-PALB2 interaction is associated with breast cancer risk. Oncogene 2017; 36:4161-4170. [PMID: 28319063 PMCID: PMC5519427 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The major breast cancer suppressor proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 play essential roles in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair, which is thought to be critical for tumor suppression. The two BRCA proteins are linked by a third tumor suppressor, PALB2, in the HR pathway. While truncating mutations in these genes are generally pathogenic, interpretations of missense variants remains a challenge. To date, patient-derived missense variants that disrupt PALB2 binding have been identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2; however, there has not been sufficient evidence to prove their pathogenicity in humans, and no variants in PALB2 that disrupt either its BRCA1 or BRCA2 binding have been reported. Here, we report on the identification of a novel PALB2 variant, c.104T>C [p.L35P], that segregated in a family with a strong history of breast cancer. Functional analyses showed that L35P abrogates the PALB2-BRCA1 interaction and completely disables its abilities to promote HR and confer resistance to platinum salts and PARP inhibitors. Whole-exome sequencing of a breast cancer from a c.104T>C carrier revealed a second, somatic, truncating mutation affecting PALB2, and the tumor displays hallmark genomic features of tumors with BRCA mutations and HR defects, cementing the pathogenicity of L35P. Parallel analyses of other germline variants in the PALB2 N-terminal BRCA1-binding domain identified multiple variants that affect HR function to varying degrees, suggesting their possible contribution to cancer development. Our findings establish L35P as the first pathogenic missense mutation in PALB2 and directly demonstrate the requirement of the PALB2-BRCA1 interaction for breast cancer suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Foo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - M Tischkowitz
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Simhadri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - T Boshari
- Department of Medical Genetics and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N Zayed
- Department of Medical Genetics and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - K A Burke
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - S H Berman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - P Blecua
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Riaz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Y Huo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Y C Ding
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - S L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute at the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - B Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - W D Foulkes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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7
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Nakagomi H, Hirotsu Y, Okimoto K, Sakamoto I, Amemiya K, Nakagomi S, Kubota T, Mochizuki H, Omata M. PALB2 mutation in a woman with bilateral breast cancer: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 6:556-560. [PMID: 28413668 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Partner and localizer of breast cancer 2 (PALB2) was identified as a moderate-risk gene of breast and pancreas cancer. The present authors previously reported that no PALB2 germline mutations with a deleterious frameshift or stop codons were identified in 155 Japanese patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer who were estimated to be at risk of hereditary cancer, according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria. In the present study, one patient with a deleterious mutation of PALB2 (c. 2834+2 T>C) has been identified from a study of an additional 128 cases. Therefore, the prevalence of PALB2 among Japanese patients is now estimated to be 0.35% (1/283). The proband was a 63-year-old woman with bilateral breast cancer, although she had experienced no other cancers. The proband had two elder sisters, the eldest of whom died from pancreatic cancer at 60 years of age. The proband's 40-year-old daughter was affected, but did not show any malignancies. There are only a few reports concerning PALB2 mutations in Japan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case study to reveal the significance of DNA-repair genes in the development of malignancies in Japanese patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nakagomi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Okimoto
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Ikuko Sakamoto
- Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Satoko Nakagomi
- Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Research, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan
| | - Takeo Kubota
- Yamanashi Prefecture Red Cross Blood Center, Japanese Red Cross Society, Kofu, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mochizuki
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8506, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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Auguste A, Cortet M, Dabakuyo-Yonli TS, Launay L, Arnould L, Desmoulins I, Roignot P, Darut-Jouve A, Poillot ML, Bertaut A, Arveux P. Breast cancer subtype of French women is not influenced by socioeconomic status: A population-based-study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170069. [PMID: 28199325 PMCID: PMC5310911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The molecular subtype of breast tumours plays a major role in cancer prognosis and treatment options. Triple negative tumours (TN) carry the worst prognosis and affects most frequently women of low socioeconomic status (SES). Studies have shown that non-biologic factors, such as the socioeconomic status could have an influence on tumour biology. To this date no study has been done investigating this association in French women. The objective is to study the association between the SES and the molecular tumour subtype of breast cancer patients in the French county of Côte d’Or. This study benefits from the population data from the Côte d’Or breast cancer registry known for its strict quality control policy. Methods Invasive breast cancer cases between 2003 and 2013 were extracted from the Breast cancer registry database in Côte d’Or. A multivariate analysis was conducted using a hierarchical polytomous regression for the multinomial outcomes for the cancer subtype with HR+/HER2 as reference category. Results A total of 4553 cases were included in our study. There was no significant association found between SES and tumour subtype in French women at diagnosis. Women older than 75 years were less likely to have a TN and HR+/HER2+ breast cancer (OR = 0.66; CI95% = [0.46–0.94] and OR = 0.51; CI95% = [0.37–0.70] respectively). Women with TN tumour subtype had significantly less lymph node invasion when compared to HR+/HER2- subtype (OR = 0.71; CI95% = [0.54–0.92]). Conclusion No significant association was found between socioeconomic status and molecular subtype. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms associated with developing each tumour subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviane Auguste
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
- EA 4184, Medical School, University of Burgundy, 7 boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Cortet
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
| | - Tienhan Sandrine Dabakuyo-Yonli
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
- EA 4184, Medical School, University of Burgundy, 7 boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, Dijon, France
| | - Ludivine Launay
- Plateforme ERISC, U 1086 INSERM "Cancers and Preventions", François Baclesse Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 3 avenue du Général Harris, CAEN, France
| | - Laurent Arnould
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Desmoulins
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Marie-Laure Poillot
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
| | - Aurélie Bertaut
- EA 4184, Medical School, University of Burgundy, 7 boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, Dijon, France
- Biostatistics Unit, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
| | - Patrick Arveux
- Breast and Gynaecologic Cancer Registry of Côte d’Or, Georges-François Leclerc Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, 1 rue du Professeur Marion, Dijon, France
- EA 4184, Medical School, University of Burgundy, 7 boulevard Jeanne d’Arc, Dijon, France
- * E-mail:
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9
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Lerner-Ellis J, Donenberg T, Ahmed H, George S, Wharfe G, Chin S, Lowe D, Royer R, Zhang S, Narod S, Hurley J, Akbari MR. A high frequency of PALB2 mutations in Jamaican patients with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 162:591-596. [PMID: 28194609 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Jamaica is an island nation with one of the highest breast cancer incidence rates in the Caribbean (40/100,000 per year). The contribution of cancer susceptibility gene mutations to the burden of breast cancer in Jamaica has not yet been explored. We sought to determine the prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 in 179 unselected Jamaican women with breast cancer. METHODS We sequenced the entire coding regions of BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2 for all the study subjects. RESULTS Overall, 8 of 179 patients (4.5%) had a mutation in one of the three genes: one in BRCA1, two in BRCA2, and five in PALB2. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that in addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2, PALB2 should be included in genetic testing for breast cancer patients in Jamaica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Lerner-Ellis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Talia Donenberg
- Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Humayun Ahmed
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St.Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sophia George
- Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Sheray Chin
- University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Dwight Lowe
- University of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica
| | - Robert Royer
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St.Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St.Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
| | - Steven Narod
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St.Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Judith Hurley
- Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad R Akbari
- Women's College Research Institute, Women's College Hospital, 76 Grenville St.Room 6421, Toronto, ON, M5S 1B2, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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10
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Lin PH, Kuo WH, Huang AC, Lu YS, Lin CH, Kuo SH, Wang MY, Liu CY, Cheng FTF, Yeh MH, Li HY, Yang YH, Hsu YH, Fan SC, Li LY, Yu SL, Chang KJ, Chen PL, Ni YH, Huang CS. Multiple gene sequencing for risk assessment in patients with early-onset or familial breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:8310-20. [PMID: 26824983 PMCID: PMC4884994 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since BRCA mutations are only responsible for 10–20% of cases of breast cancer in patients with early-onset or a family history and since next-generation sequencing technology allows the simultaneous sequencing of a large number of target genes, testing for multiple cancer-predisposing genes is now being considered, but its significance in clinical practice remains unclear. We then developed a sequencing panel containing 68 genes that had cancer risk association for patients with early-onset or familial breast cancer. A total of 133 patients were enrolled and 30 (22.6%) were found to carry germline deleterious mutations, 9 in BRCA1, 11 in BRCA2, 2 in RAD50, 2 in TP53 and one each in ATM, BRIP1, FANCI, MSH2, MUTYH, and RAD51C. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was associated with the highest mutation rate (45.5%, p = 0.025). Seven of the 9 BRCA1 mutations and the single FANCI mutation were in the TNBC group; 9 of the 11 BRCA2, 1 of the 2 RAD50 as well as BRIP1, MSH2, MUTYH, and RAD51C mutations were in the hormone receptor (HR)(+)Her2(−) group, and the other RAD50, ATM, and TP53 mutations were in the HR(+)Her2(+) group. Mutation carriers were considered as high-risk to develop malignancy and advised to receive cancer screening. Screening protocols of non-BRCA genes were based on their biologic functions; for example, patients carrying RAD51C mutation received a screening protocol similar to that for BRCA, since BRCA and RAD51C are both involved in homologous recombination. In conclusion, we consider that multiple gene sequencing in cancer risk assessment is clinically valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hung Kuo
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Chu Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shen Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hung Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Hsin Kuo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yang Wang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Liu
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Ming-Hsin Yeh
- Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ying Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hua Hsu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chih Fan
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Long-Yuan Li
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Liang Yu
- Center of Genomic Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - King-Jen Chang
- Department of Surgery, Cheng Ching Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lung Chen
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hsuan Ni
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiun-Sheng Huang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Association of PALB2 sequence variants with the risk of early-onset breast cancer in patients from Turkey. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:1273-1284. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Vietri MT, Caliendo G, Schiano C, Casamassimi A, Molinari AM, Napoli C, Cioffi M. Analysis of PALB2 in a cohort of Italian breast cancer patients: identification of a novel PALB2 truncating mutation. Fam Cancer 2016; 14:341-8. [PMID: 25666743 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-015-9786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PALB2 gene is mutated in about 1-2% of familial breast cancer as well as in 3-4% of familial pancreatic cancer cases. Few studies have reported mutations in Italian patients with breast or pancreatic cancer. We evaluate the occurrence of PALB2 mutations in Italian patients affected with hereditary breast and ovarian cancers and define the pathological significance of the putative allelic variants. We recruited 98 patients (F = 93, M = 5) affected with breast and/or ovarian cancer, negative for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCAX). Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes, PALB2 coding regions and adjacent intronic were sequenced; in silico predictions were carried out using prediction programs. Mutational analysis of PALB2 gene revealed the novel mutation c.1919C>A (p.S640X) in a 29 years old woman with breast cancer. The c.1919C>A (p.S640X) mutation causes the lack of C-terminus region inducing alteration of MORF4L1-PALB2 association and the lack of interaction of PALB2 with RAD51 and BRCA2. In addition, we identified two novel PALB2 variants, c.3047T>C (p.F1016S) and c.*146A>G. In silico analysis conducted for c.*146A>G indicates that this variant does not affect the splicing while c.3047T>C (p.F1016S) was predicted as damaging in three classifier algorithms. The proband carrier of c.3047T>C (p.F1016S) showed two breast cancer cases, two ovarian cancer cases and one pancreatic cancer in mother's family. c.3047T>C (p.F1016S) and c.*146A>G should be considered PALB2 UVs even though the genotype-phenotype correlation for these variants remains still unclear. Our findings indicate that the presence of PALB2 mutation should be routinely investigated in hereditary breast and ovarian cancers families since it could be of clinical relevance for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via Luigi De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy,
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13
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Ferguson LR, Chen H, Collins AR, Connell M, Damia G, Dasgupta S, Malhotra M, Meeker AK, Amedei A, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Aquilano K, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Bilsland A, Boosani CS, Chen S, Ciriolo MR, Fujii H, Guha G, Halicka D, Helferich WG, Keith WN, Mohammed SI, Niccolai E, Yang X, Honoki K, Parslow VR, Prakash S, Rezazadeh S, Shackelford RE, Sidransky D, Tran PT, Yang ES, Maxwell CA. Genomic instability in human cancer: Molecular insights and opportunities for therapeutic attack and prevention through diet and nutrition. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S5-S24. [PMID: 25869442 PMCID: PMC4600419 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genomic instability can initiate cancer, augment progression, and influence the overall prognosis of the affected patient. Genomic instability arises from many different pathways, such as telomere damage, centrosome amplification, epigenetic modifications, and DNA damage from endogenous and exogenous sources, and can be perpetuating, or limiting, through the induction of mutations or aneuploidy, both enabling and catastrophic. Many cancer treatments induce DNA damage to impair cell division on a global scale but it is accepted that personalized treatments, those that are tailored to the particular patient and type of cancer, must also be developed. In this review, we detail the mechanisms from which genomic instability arises and can lead to cancer, as well as treatments and measures that prevent genomic instability or take advantage of the cellular defects caused by genomic instability. In particular, we identify and discuss five priority targets against genomic instability: (1) prevention of DNA damage; (2) enhancement of DNA repair; (3) targeting deficient DNA repair; (4) impairing centrosome clustering; and, (5) inhibition of telomerase activity. Moreover, we highlight vitamin D and B, selenium, carotenoids, PARP inhibitors, resveratrol, and isothiocyanates as priority approaches against genomic instability. The prioritized target sites and approaches were cross validated to identify potential synergistic effects on a number of important areas of cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew R Collins
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marisa Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Giovanna Damia
- Department of Oncology, Instituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, United States
| | | | - Alan K Meeker
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research & Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and BioTechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - William G Helferich
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology and Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Xujuan Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Satya Prakash
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarallah Rezazadeh
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, United States
| | - Rodney E Shackelford
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phuoc T Tran
- Departments of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Oncology and Urology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eddy S Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Christopher A Maxwell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Michael Cuccione Childhood Cancer Research Program, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada.
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14
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Poumpouridou N, Goutas N, Tsionou C, Dimas K, Lianidou E, Kroupis C. Development of a novel PTT assay for mutation detection in PALB2 large exons and PALB2 screening in medullary breast cancer. Fam Cancer 2015; 15:183-91. [PMID: 26573693 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-015-9851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Beyond BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, PALB2 (Partner and localizer of BRCA2) emerges as the third breast cancer susceptibility gene due to its role in the same DNA repair pathway: homologous recombination. In most populations studied so far, PALB2 mutations are detected in 1-2% of BRCA negative female patients. PALB2 gene contains 13 exons; exons 4 and 5 consist 65% of the coding area. We developed a protein truncation test (PTT) for quick screening of truncating pathogenic mutations of these two large exons. Specific primers were de novo, in silico designed and the PTT-PCR products were translated in the presence of biotinylated lysine and detected colorimetrically. The assay was initially tested in 30 patients with hereditary breast cancer, negative for BRCA mutations and then, in 17 patients with the rare medullary breast cancer subtype. Small PALB2 exons were screened with high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRMA) and the large DNA rearrangements with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Any alterations detected were verified by Sanger DNA Sequencing. The developed PTT methodology is highly specific for clinical significant mutations; positive control samples that produce truncated PALB2 peptides were correctly identified and the method was accurate when compared to DNA sequencing. We did not detect any deleterious PALB2 mutation in both groups of patients. HRMA and MLPA were also negative for all tested samples. However, our novel, fast and cost-effective PTT method for pathogenic mutation detection of the two large PALB2 exons can be applied in screening of a large number of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoleta Poumpouridou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon University General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 1 Rimini St., 12462, Haidari, Greece.,Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Goutas
- Laboratory of Pathologic Anatomy, Evgenidio Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 15128, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Tsionou
- Breast Cancer Unit, Mitera Maternity and Surgery Hospital, 15123, Maroussi, Greece
| | - Kleanthi Dimas
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon University General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 1 Rimini St., 12462, Haidari, Greece
| | - Evi Lianidou
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Kroupis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Attikon University General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 1 Rimini St., 12462, Haidari, Greece.
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15
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Mutation analysis of PALB2 gene in French breast cancer families. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 154:463-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-015-3625-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Nakagomi H, Sakamoto I, Hirotsu Y, Amemiya K, Mochiduki H, Omata M. Analysis of PALB2 mutations in 155 Japanese patients with breast and/or ovarian cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2015; 21:270-275. [PMID: 26411315 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-015-0906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PALB2 (Partner and Localizer of BRCA2) was identified as a moderate-risk gene in breast and pancreatic cancers. Recently, it was reported that PALB2 carriers have a high risk of developing breast cancer, with the cumulative risk of 34 % by the age of 70. PATIENTS AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 155 patients at risk for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer were tested for BRCA1/2 and PALB2 by targeted sequencing using a next-generation sequencer. Of these 155, 146 met NCCN criteria and the remaining 9 did not. RESULTS BRCA1/2 analysis was performed on 155 patients, for whom the results were reported previously (Hirotsu Y et al. Mol Genet Genomic Med, doi:10.1002/mgg3.157, 2015). Eleven patients were identified to have deleterious BRCA mutations (Hirotsu Y et al. Mol Genet Genomic Med, doi:10.1002/mgg3.157, 2015). However, none of the 155 patients were found to have deleterious PALB2 germline mutations. Missense mutations [variants of uncertain significance (VUS)] of PALB2 were found in 12 cases. In silico analyses by SIFT (Sorting Intolerant Form Tolerant) and PolyPhen2 (Polymorphism Phenotyping version 2) indicated that 2 of 12 VUS were deleterious and probably damaging. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on PALB2 mutations in Japan, revealing two missense mutations as "deleterious and probably damaging" by in silico analyses, but no PALB2 premature truncation mutations were identified. The sample size is relatively small and a larger cohort study is needed in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nakagomi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan. .,Department of Surgery, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan.
| | - Ikuko Sakamoto
- Department of Gynecology, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mochiduki
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, 400-0027, Japan.,University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
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17
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Thompson ER, Gorringe KL, Rowley SM, Wong-Brown MW, McInerny S, Li N, Trainer AH, Devereux L, Doyle MA, Li J, Lupat R, Delatycki MB, Mitchell G, James PA, Scott RJ, Campbell IG. Prevalence of PALB2 mutations in Australian familial breast cancer cases and controls. Breast Cancer Res 2015; 17:111. [PMID: 26283626 PMCID: PMC4539664 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0627-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction PALB2 is emerging as a high-penetrance breast cancer predisposition gene in the order of BRCA1 and BRCA2. However, large studies that have evaluated the full gene rather than just the most common variants in both cases and controls are required before all truncating variants can be included in familial breast cancer variant testing. Methods In this study we analyse almost 2000 breast cancer cases sourced from individuals referred to familial cancer clinics, thus representing typical cases presenting in clinical practice. These cases were compared to a similar number of population-based cancer-free controls. Results We identified a significant excess of truncating variants in cases (1.3 %) versus controls (0.2 %), including six novel variants (p = 0.0001; odds ratio (OR) 6.58, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.3–18.9). Three of the four control individuals carrying truncating variants had at least one relative with breast cancer. There was no excess of missense variants in cases overall, but the common c.1676A > G variant (rs152451) was significantly enriched in cases and may represent a low-penetrance polymorphism (p = 0.002; OR 1.24 (95 % CI 1.09–1.47). Conclusions Our findings support truncating variants in PALB2 as high-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility alleles, and suggest that a common missense variant may also lead to a low level of increased breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella R Thompson
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Kylie L Gorringe
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Corner GrattonStree and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Simone M Rowley
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia.
| | - Michelle W Wong-Brown
- Discipline of Medical Genetics and Centre for Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, 1 Kookaburra Circuit, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Simone McInerny
- Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Na Li
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Alison H Trainer
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Lisa Devereux
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,LifePool, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Maria A Doyle
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Jason Li
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Richard Lupat
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | | | | | - Gillian Mitchell
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Hereditary Cancer Program, BC Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.
| | - Paul A James
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Corner GrattonStree and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Familial Cancer Centre, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
| | - Rodney J Scott
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China. .,Division of Genetics, Hunter Area Pathology Service, Lookout Road, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Ian G Campbell
- Cancer Genetics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Locked Bag 1, A'Beckett St, East Melbourne, VIC, 8006, Australia. .,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia. .,Department of Pathology, University of Melbourne, Corner GrattonStree and Royal Parade, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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18
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Dietze EC, Sistrunk C, Miranda-Carboni G, O'Regan R, Seewaldt VL. Triple-negative breast cancer in African-American women: disparities versus biology. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:248-54. [PMID: 25673085 PMCID: PMC5470637 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype that disproportionately affects BRCA1 mutation carriers and young women of African origin. There is evidence that African-American women with TNBC have worse clinical outcomes than women of European descent. However, it is unclear whether survival differences persist after adjusting for disparities in access to health-care treatment, co-morbid disease and income. It remains controversial whether TNBC in African-American women is a molecularly distinct disease or whether African-American women have a higher incidence of aggressive biology driven by disparities: there is evidence in support of both. Understanding the relative contributions of biology and disparities is essential for improving the poor survival rate of African-American women with TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C Dietze
- 1] Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. [2]
| | | | | | - Ruth O'Regan
- 1] Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University and Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. [2]
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19
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Leyton Y, Gonzalez-Hormazabal P, Blanco R, Bravo T, Fernandez-Ramires R, Morales S, Landeros N, Reyes JM, Peralta O, Tapia JC, Gomez F, Waugh E, Ibañez G, Pakomio J, Grau G, Jara L. Association of PALB2 sequence variants with the risk of familial and early-onset breast cancer in a South-American population. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:30. [PMID: 25636233 PMCID: PMC4323211 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1033-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Germline mutations in PALB2 have been identified in approximately 1% of familial breast cancer (BC) in several populations. Nevertheless its contribution in the South-American population is unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of PALB2 mutations in the Chilean population. Methods 100 Chilean BRCA1/2-negatives familial BC cases were included for the PALB2 mutation analysis. We use conformational sensitive gel electrophoresis and direct sequencing. Using a case-control design, we studied the identified variants in 436 BC cases and 809 controls to evaluate their possible association with BC risk. Results No pathogenic mutations were detected. We identified three variants, the variant c.1861C > A not previously described was found in one of the 436 cases and none of the 809 controls. The bioinformatic analyses indicate that this variant probably is not pathogenic. PALB2 c.1676A > G (rs152451A/G) and c.2993C > T (rs45551636C/T) variants were significantly associated with increased BC risk only in cases with a strong family history of BC (OR = 1.9 [CI 95% 1.3-2.8] p < 0.01 and OR = 3.3 [CI 95% 1.4-7.3] p < 0.01, respectively). The rs152451A/G-rs45551636C/T composite genotype produce increase of the BC risk in cases with a strong family history of BC (OR = 3.6 [CI 95% 1.7-8.0] p = 0.003). The rs152451-G/rs45551636-C and rs152451-G/rs45551636-T haplotypes were associated with an increased BC risk only in cases with a strong family history of BC (OR = 1.6 [CI 95% 1.0-2.5] p = 0.05 and OR = 3.7 [CI 95% 1.8-7.5] p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion Our results suggest that PALB2 c.1676A > G and c.2993C > T play roles in BC risk in women with a strong family history of BC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1033-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yessica Leyton
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Patricio Gonzalez-Hormazabal
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rafael Blanco
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Teresa Bravo
- National Cancer Society (Corporación Nacional del Cáncer -CONAC-), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Fernandez-Ramires
- Research Institute in Dental Sciences, School of Odontology, University of Chile, Sergio Livingstone Pohlhammer 943, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Sebastian Morales
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Natalia Landeros
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Octavio Peralta
- Clínca Las Condes, Santiago, Chile. .,Department of Gyneacology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av Santa Rosa 1234, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Julio C Tapia
- Cell Transformation Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, Unversity of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | | | - Gladys Ibañez
- Clínica Dávila, Av. Recoleta 464, Santiago, Chile. .,Hospital San José, San José 1196, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Janara Pakomio
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Gilberto Grau
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Lilian Jara
- Human Genetics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), School of Medicine, University of Chile, Av. Independencia 1027, Santiago, Chile.
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Vietri MT, Caliendo G, Casamassimi A, Cioffi M, De Paola ML, Napoli C, Molinari AM. A novel PALB2 truncating mutation in an Italian family with male breast cancer. Oncol Rep 2014; 33:1243-7. [PMID: 25529982 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, accounting for ~1% of all breast cancer cases worldwide. Although other genes are also involved, predisposing genetic factors to MBC include germline mutations in the BRCA genes (BRCA2). Among the other genes, partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) is considered a moderate-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility gene that may also play a role in MBC predisposition. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the PALB2 gene status in 8 MBC cases selected from a cohort of 181 hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer probands. We performed PALB2 mutational analysis by direct sequencing of 13 exons and adjacent intronic regions. This study showed the presence of a PALB2 truncating mutation in 1/8 (12.5%) cases. This novel mutation was named c.1285_1286delAinsTC (p.I429SfsX12) and is localized in exon 4 of PALB2, in the region encoding for the ChAM motif which is important for the efficient association of PALB2 to chromatin and for recruitment of the BRCA complex to accumulate RAD51 at double-strand break sites. Our findings indicate that PALB2 could be added to the list of breast cancer susceptibility genes also in families with MBC cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Vietri
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gemma Caliendo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Cioffi
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Laura De Paola
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Molinari
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics and General Pathology, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, I-80138 Naples, Italy
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Inherited predisposition to breast cancer among African American women. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014; 149:31-9. [PMID: 25428789 PMCID: PMC4298662 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
African Americans have a disproportionate burden of aggressive young-onset breast cancer. Genomic testing for inherited predisposition to breast cancer is increasingly common in clinical practice, but comprehensive mutation profiles remain unknown for most minority populations. We evaluated 289 patients who self-identified as African American with primary invasive breast cancer and with personal or family cancer history or tumor characteristics associated with high genetic risk for all classes of germline mutations in known breast cancer susceptibility genes using a validated targeted capture and multiplex sequencing approach. Sixty-eight damaging germline mutations were identified in 65 (22 %, 95 % CI 18–28 %) of the 289 subjects. Proportions of patients with unequivocally damaging mutations in a breast cancer gene were 26 % (47/180; 95 % confident interval [CI] 20–33 %) of those with breast cancer diagnosis before age 45; 25 % (26/103; 95 % CI 17–35 %) of those with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC); 29 % (45/156; 95 % CI 22–37 %) of those with a first or second degree relative with breast cancer before age 60 or with ovarian cancer; and 57 % (4/7; 95 % CI 18–90 %) of those with both breast and ovarian cancer. Of patients with mutations, 80 % (52/65) carried mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes and 20 % (13/65) carried mutations in PALB2, CHEK2, BARD1, ATM, PTEN, or TP53. The mutational allelic spectrum was highly heterogeneous, with 57 different mutations in 65 patients. Of patients meeting selection criteria other than family history (i.e., with young age at diagnosis or TNBC), 48 % (64/133) had very limited information about the history of cancer in previous generations of their families. Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 or another breast cancer gene occur in one in four African American breast cancer patients with early onset disease, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, or TNBC. Each of these criteria defines patients who would benefit from genomic testing and novel therapies targeting DNA repair pathways.
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele K Evans
- From the Health Disparities Research Section, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Populations Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore (M.K.E.)
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Abstract
PALB2 [partner and localizer of BRCA2 (breast cancer early-onset 2)] [corrected] has emerged as a key player in the maintenance of genome integrity. Biallelic mutations in PALB2 cause FA (Fanconi's anaemia) subtype FA-N, a devastating inherited disorder marked by developmental abnormalities, bone marrow failure and childhood cancer susceptibility, whereas monoallelic mutations predispose to breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancer. The tumour suppressor role of PALB2 has been intimately linked to its ability to promote HR (homologous recombination)-mediated repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Because PALB2 lies at the crossroads between FA, HR and cancer susceptibility, understanding its function has become the primary focus of several studies. The present review discusses a current synthesis of the contribution of PALB2 to these pathways. We also provide a molecular description of FA- or cancer-associated PALB2 mutations.
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24
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Aoude LG, Xu M, Zhao ZZ, Kovacs M, Palmer JM, Johansson P, Symmons J, Trent JM, Martin NG, Montgomery GW, Brown KM, Hayward NK. Assessment of PALB2 as a candidate melanoma susceptibility gene. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100683. [PMID: 24949998 PMCID: PMC4065098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) interacts with BRCA2 to enable double strand break repair through homologous recombination. Similar to BRCA2, germline mutations in PALB2 have been shown to predispose to Fanconi anaemia as well as pancreatic and breast cancer. The PALB2/BRCA2 protein interaction, as well as the increased melanoma risk observed in families harbouring BRCA2 mutations, makes PALB2 a candidate for melanoma susceptibility. In order to assess PALB2 as a melanoma predisposition gene, we sequenced the entire protein-coding sequence of PALB2 in probands from 182 melanoma families lacking pathogenic mutations in known high penetrance melanoma susceptibility genes: CDKN2A, CDK4, and BAP1. In addition, we interrogated whole-genome and exome data from another 19 kindreds with a strong family history of melanoma for deleterious mutations in PALB2. Here we report a rare known deleterious PALB2 mutation (rs118203998) causing a premature truncation of the protein (p.Y1183X) in an individual who had developed four different cancer types, including melanoma. Three other family members affected with melanoma did not carry the variant. Overall our data do not support a case for PALB2 being associated with melanoma predisposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren G. Aoude
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mai Xu
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhen Zhen Zhao
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Kovacs
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jane M. Palmer
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Judith Symmons
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jeffrey M. Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
| | | | | | - Kevin M. Brown
- National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America
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25
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Challenges in assessing pathogenicity based on frequency of variants in mismatch repair genes: an extreme case of a MSH2 variant and a meta-analysis. Gene 2014; 546:421-4. [PMID: 24933000 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The clinical interpretation of variants in mismatch repair (MMR) genes associated with Lynch syndrome can be confusing when the functional nature of the variant is not clearly defined. We report an extreme case where a polymorphism in the MSH2 gene which had a low minor allele frequency, was misclassified as a mutation based on low evidential methods in the database and previous publications. We expanded this experience to perform a systematic meta-analysis in order to investigate other variants that have potentially been misclassified. Our results suggested that the interpretation of pathogenicity should be more cautious and emphasized the need for solid validation through multiple analyses including functional analysis for variants in MMR genes.
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26
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Park JY, Singh TR, Nassar N, Zhang F, Freund M, Hanenberg H, Meetei AR, Andreassen PR. Breast cancer-associated missense mutants of the PALB2 WD40 domain, which directly binds RAD51C, RAD51 and BRCA2, disrupt DNA repair. Oncogene 2013; 33:4803-12. [PMID: 24141787 PMCID: PMC3994186 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heterozygous carriers of germ-line mutations in the BRCA2/FANCD1, PALB2/FANCN and RAD51C/FANCO DNA repair genes have an increased lifetime risk of developing breast, ovarian and other cancers; bi-allelic mutations in these genes clinically manifest as Fanconi anemia (FA). Here, we demonstrate that RAD51C is part of a novel protein complex that contains PALB2 and BRCA2. Further, the PALB2 WD40 domain can directly and independently bind RAD51C and BRCA2. To understand the role of these homologous recombination (HR) proteins in DNA repair, we functionally characterize effects of missense mutants of the PALB2 WD40 domain that have been reported in breast cancer patients. In contrast to large truncations of PALB2, which display a complete loss of interaction, the L939W, T1030I and L1143P missense mutants/variants of the PALB2 WD40 domain are associated with altered patterns of direct binding to the RAD51C, RAD51 and BRCA2 HR proteins in biochemical assays. Further, the T1030I missense mutant is unstable, whereas the L939W and L1143P proteins are stable but partially disrupt the PALB2-RAD51C-BRCA2 complex in cells. Functionally, the L939W and L1143P mutants display a decreased capacity for DNA double-strand break-induced HR and an increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation. As further evidence for the functional importance of the HR complex, RAD51C mutants that are associated with cancer susceptibility and FA also display decreased complex formation with PALB2. Together, our results suggest that three different cancer susceptibility and FA proteins function in a DNA repair pathway based upon the PALB2 WD40 domain binding to RAD51C and BRCA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-Y Park
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - T R Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - N Nassar
- 1] Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - F Zhang
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - M Freund
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University School of Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - H Hanenberg
- 1] Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head/Neck Surgery, Heinrich Heine University School of Medicine, Duesseldorf, Germany [2] Unit of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, The Riley Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA [3] Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - A R Meetei
- 1] Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - P R Andreassen
- 1] Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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27
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Janatova M, Kleibl Z, Stribrna J, Panczak A, Vesela K, Zimovjanova M, Kleiblova P, Dundr P, Soukupova J, Pohlreich P. The PALB2 gene is a strong candidate for clinical testing in BRCA1- and BRCA2-negative hereditary breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:2323-32. [PMID: 24136930 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0745-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several reports indicate that inherited mutations in the PALB2 gene predispose to breast cancer. However, there is little agreement about the clinical relevance and usefulness of mutation screening in this gene. We analyzed the prevalence and spectrum of germline mutations in PALB2 to estimate their contribution to hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer in the Czech Republic. METHODS The entire PALB2 coding region was sequenced in 409 breast/ovarian cancer patients negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. Testing for large genomic rearrangements (LGR) was performed by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis. RESULTS We have identified 13 different pathogenic alterations including 10 truncating mutations and three LGRs in 16 of 409 patients (3.9%), whereas one truncating mutation was found in a group of 1,226 controls (0.08%; P = 2.6 × 10(-9)). Three novel LGRs included deletions involving exons 7-8 and 9-10, respectively, and a duplication spanning exons 9-11. Five frameshift and two nonsense mutations were novel, whereas three truncating mutations were described previously. The only recurrent mutation was the c.172_175delTTGT detected in four unrelated breast cancer individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses demonstrated the significant role of the PALB2 gene in breast cancer susceptibility. The highest frequency of PALB2 mutations (comparable with that previously reported for BRCA2) was found in a subgroup of patients with hereditary breast cancer (HBC) (13/235; 5.5%). IMPACT Our results show that mutation analysis of the PALB2 gene, including the analysis of LGRs, is primarily indicated in patients with HBC in case of their BRCA1 and BRCA2 negativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Janatova
- Authors' Affiliations: Institute of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague; Institutes of Biology and Medical Genetics and Pathology, and Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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28
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Phuah SY, Lee SY, Kang P, Kang IN, Yoon SY, Thong MK, Hartman M, Sng JH, Yip CH, Taib NAM, Teo SH. Prevalence of PALB2 mutations in breast cancer patients in multi-ethnic Asian population in Malaysia and Singapore. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73638. [PMID: 23977390 PMCID: PMC3748013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The partner and localizer of breast cancer 2 (PALB2) is responsible for facilitating BRCA2-mediated DNA repair by serving as a bridging molecule, acting as the physical and functional link between the breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) and breast cancer 2 (BRCA2) proteins. Truncating mutations in the PALB2 gene are rare but are thought to be associated with increased risks of developing breast cancer in various populations. Methods We evaluated the contribution of PALB2 germline mutations in 122 Asian women with breast cancer, all of whom had significant family history of breast and other cancers. Further screening for nine PALB2 mutations was conducted in 874 Malaysian and 532 Singaporean breast cancer patients, and in 1342 unaffected Malaysian and 541 unaffected Singaporean women. Results By analyzing the entire coding region of PALB2, we found two novel truncating mutations and ten missense mutations in families tested negative for BRCA1/2-mutations. One additional novel truncating PALB2 mutation was identified in one patient through genotyping analysis. Our results indicate a low prevalence of deleterious PALB2 mutations and a specific mutation profile within the Malaysian and Singaporean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Yee Phuah
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sheau Yee Lee
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Peter Kang
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - In Nee Kang
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sook-Yee Yoon
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Meow Keong Thong
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mikael Hartman
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jen-Hwei Sng
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Har Yip
- Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aishah Mohd Taib
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Hwang Teo
- Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation, Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
- Breast Cancer Research Unit, University Malaya Cancer Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
It is estimated that 5% to 10% of pancreatic cancer is familial. Although there is evidence of a major pancreatic cancer susceptibility gene, the majority of families with multiple cases of pancreatic cancer do not have an identifiable causative gene or syndrome. However, a subset of pancreatic cancer is attributable to known inherited cancer predisposition syndromes, including several hereditary breast cancer genes (BRCA1, BRCA2, and PALB2), CDKN2A, hereditary pancreatitis, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer, and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. In addition to explaining a proportion of familial pancreatic cancer, individuals with these conditions are at increased risk for pancreatic cancer. Relatives from familial pancreatic cancer kindreds without one of these identifiable syndromes may have as high as a 32-fold risk of pancreatic cancer, depending on the number of affected first-degree relatives. Such high-risk individuals may benefit from increased surveillance, and strategies for early detection of pancreatic cancer are under evaluation.
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Tischkowitz M, Capanu M, Sabbaghian N, Li L, Liang X, Vallée MP, Tavtigian SV, Concannon P, Foulkes WD, Bernstein L, Bernstein JL, Begg CB. Rare germline mutations in PALB2 and breast cancer risk: a population-based study. Hum Mutat 2012; 33:674-80. [PMID: 22241545 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Germline mutations in the PALB2 gene are associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer but little is known about the frequencies of rare variants in PALB2 and the nature of the variants that influence risk. We selected participants recruited to the Women's Environment, Cancer, and Radiation Epidemiology (WECARE) Study and screened lymphocyte DNA from cases with contralateral breast cancer (n = 559) and matched controls with unilateral breast cancer (n = 565) for PALB2 mutations. Five pathogenic PALB2 mutations were identified among the cases (0.9%) versus none among the controls (P = 0.04). The first-degree female relatives of these five carriers demonstrated significantly higher incidence of breast cancer than relatives of noncarrier cases, indicating that pathogenic PALB2 mutations confer an estimated 5.3-fold increase in risk (95% CI: 1.8-13.2). The frequency of rare (<1% MAF) missense mutations was similar in both groups (23 vs. 21). Our findings confirm in a population-based study setting of women with breast cancer the strong risk associated with truncating mutations in PALB2 that has been reported in family studies. Conversely, there is no evidence from this study that rare PALB2 missense mutations strongly influence breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Tischkowitz
- Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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