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Fearn N, Llanos C, Dylke E, Stuart K, Kilbreath S. Quantification of breast lymphoedema following conservative breast cancer treatment: a systematic review. J Cancer Surviv 2023; 17:1669-1687. [PMID: 36301407 PMCID: PMC10539190 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-022-01278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast lymphoedema is a possible side effect of breast conserving surgery, but it is poorly understood. This is due, in part, to difficulty assessing the breast. This systematic review described outcome measures that quantify breast lymphoedema signs and symptoms and evaluated the measurement properties for these outcome measures. METHOD Seven databases were searched using terms in four categories: breast cancer, lymphoedema and oedema, clinician reported (ClinROM) and patient reported outcome measures (PROM) and psychometric and measurement properties. Two reviewers independently reviewed studies and completed quality assessments. The Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology was used for studies including measurement property evidence. RESULTS Fifty-six papers were included with thirteen questionnaires, eight patient-reported rating scales, seven physical measures, seven clinician-rating scales and four imaging techniques used to quantify breast lymphoedema. Based on COSMIN methodology, one ClinROM had sufficient reliability, ultrasound measuring dermal thickness. Tissue dielectric constant (TDC) measuring local tissue water had promising reliability. Four questionnaires had sufficient content validity (BLYSS, BLSQ, BrEQ and LYMQOL-Breast). CONCLUSIONS Ultrasound is recommended to reliably assess breast lymphoedema signs. No PROM can be recommended with confidence, but BLYSS, BLSQ, BrEQ and LYMQOL-Breast are promising. Further research is recommended to improve evidence of measurement properties for outcome measures. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS There are many approaches to assess breast lymphoedema, but currently, only ultrasound can be recommended for use, with others, such as TDC and questionnaires, showing promise. Further research is required for all approaches to improve evidence of measurement properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Fearn
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Susan Wakil Health Sciences Building, Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Catalina Llanos
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Dylke
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Susan Wakil Health Sciences Building, Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirsty Stuart
- Westmead Breast Cancer Institute, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon Kilbreath
- Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Susan Wakil Health Sciences Building, Western Avenue, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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Sarrade T, Allodji R, Ghannam Y, Auzac G, Everhard S, Kirova Y, Peignaux K, Guilbert P, Pasquier D, Racadot S, Bourgier C, Ducornet S, André F, De Vathaire F, Rivera S. CANTO-RT: One of the Largest Prospective Multicenter Cohort of Early Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy including Full DICOM RT Data. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030751. [PMID: 36765709 PMCID: PMC9913384 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This article describes the methodology used and provides a characterization of the study population in CANTO-RT (CANcer TOxicities RadioTherapy). CANTO (NCT01993498) is a prospective clinical cohort study including patients with stage I-III BC from 26 French cancer centers. Patients matching all CANTO inclusion and exclusion criteria who received RT in one of the 10 top recruiting CANTO centers were selected. Individual full DICOM RT files were collected, pseudo-anonymized, structured and analyzed on the CANTO-RT/UNITRAD web platform. CANTO-RT included 3875 BC patients with a median follow-up of 64 months. Among the 3797 patients with unilateral RT, 3065 (80.4%) had breast-conserving surgery, and 2712 (71.5%) had sentinel node surgery. Tumor bed boost was delivered in 2658 patients (68.5%) and lymph node RT in 1356 patients (35%), including internal mammary chain in 844 patients (21.8%). Most patients (3691 (95.3%)) were treated with 3D conformal RT. Target volumes, organs at risk contours and dose/volume histograms were extracted after quality-control procedures. CANTO-RT is one of the largest early BC prospective cohorts with full individual clinical, biological, imaging and DICOM RT data available. It is a valuable resource for the identification and validation of clinical and dosimetric predictive factors of RT and multimodal treatment-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sarrade
- Radiotherapy Department, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tenon Hospital, Paris Sorbonne University, 75020 Paris, France
| | | | - Youssef Ghannam
- Radiotherapy Department, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Guillaume Auzac
- Radiotherapy Department, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sofia Rivera
- Radiotherapy Department, Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Inserm UMR 1030, Molecular Radiotherapy and Therapeutic Innovation, Paris-Saclay University, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)14-211-5106
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Lamm R, Woodward SG, Varshney K, Lyons W, Anne PR, George BJ, Willis AI. A comparison of timely completion of hypofractionated and traditional adjuvant radiation therapy in early-stage breast cancer: Evidence of impact on reducing racial and socioeconomic disparities. Surgery 2022; 172:31-40. [PMID: 35489980 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2022.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely completion of adjuvant radiation after breast conservation therapy is associated with decreased mortality and increased disease-free survival. Few data exist comparing timely completion between hypofractionated radiation and traditional radiation at a national level or across racial and socioeconomic cohorts. METHODS A retrospective review of the National Cancer Database (2012-2016) on patients undergoing breast conservation therapy for early-stage breast cancer, specifically T1 or T2, N0, M0 patients, was performed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to compare timely completion of hypofractionated radiation (within 5 weeks of initiation) and traditional radiation (within 7 weeks) across patient, tumor, and facility characteristics. RESULTS In total, 210,816 patients met criteria, with 59.4% receiving traditional radiation (n = 125,140) and 40.6% receiving hypofractionated radiation (n = 85,676). Overall, 82.8% of patients achieved timely completion of radiation. Among hypofractionated radiation patients, 94.5% of patients achieved timely completion, whereas only 74.8% of traditional radiation patients achieved timely completion (P < .0001). Regarding race/ethnicity, all groups benefited substantially in timely completion of hypofractionated radiation over traditional radiation. However, both treatment cohorts demonstrated that Black (odds ratio (hypofractionated radiation) = 0.842, odds ratio (traditional radiation) = 0.821) and Hispanic (odds ratio (hypofractionated radiation) = 0.917, odds ratio (traditional radiation) = 0.907) patients had lower odds of timely completion compared to White patients (P < .0001). Lower high school graduation rate, median income for patients' ZIP code, and Medicaid were also associated with lower odds of timely completion for both hypofractionated radiation and traditional radiation (both P < .0001). CONCLUSION Timely completion of radiation therapy in breast conservation therapy is greater for patients receiving hypofractionated radiation than traditional radiation across racial and socioeconomic cohorts. Disparities in timely completion were substantially reduced with hypofractionated radiation utilization. However, there are treatment disparities across racial and socioeconomic cohorts that persist in both treatment groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Lamm
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Steven G Woodward
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Karan Varshney
- Thomas Jefferson University, College of Population Health, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Walker Lyons
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Pramila R Anne
- Deparment of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Brandon J George
- Thomas Jefferson University, College of Population Health, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Division of Biostatistics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alliric I Willis
- Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA
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Chuang WK, Cheng SHC, Hung CF, Huang TT, Jen CW, Yen JH, Tsai YC. Comparison between the use of hypofractionated and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy in early breast cancer: A single-center real-world study in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1588-1595. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Hsieh K, Housri N, Haffty B, Smith B, Burt LM. Radiation Oncologists' Views on Breast Radiation Therapy Guidelines: Utilizing an Online Q&A Platform to Assess Current Views on Whole-Breast Irradiation Therapy. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:408-416. [PMID: 33814285 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Poor adherence to the 2011 American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based guideline on whole-breast irradiation (WBI) has been reported. We utilized theMednet to assess the views of the updated 2018 guideline among radiation oncologists (ROs). METHODS We identified 11 questions asked by community ROs on theMednet, a web-based platform, between October 27, 2014 and May 2, 2017 that were updated in the 2018 guideline. New answers provided by senior authors of the 2018 guideline, cited guidelines, and polls to survey ROs were disseminated in 3 theMednet's newsletters between March 16, 2018 and May 1, 2018. Any question with less than 60% consensus was resubmitted on October 9, 2019 and assessed on February 13, 2020. RESULTS A total of 792 ROs responded to the initial surveys. In each survey, the answer choice(s) that received the majority of the votes aligned with the 2018 guideline. The strongest consensus was for the use of hypofractionated (HF)-WBI regardless of histology (97%), followed by HF-WBI boost dose (92%), molecular subtype (90%), grade (88%), and concurrent use of trastuzumab (87%). The least consensus was for age at which HF-WBI should be offered with 53% of respondents, specifically 73% of academic ROs versus 47% of community ROs (P = .001), agreeing with the guideline. The re-submitted survey 19 months later showed 77% of 287 new respondents now agreed with the guideline regarding age. CONCLUSION The majority of ROs concur with the 2018 WBI guideline in theMednet surveys, with better agreement among academic ROs than community ROs for certain components of the guideline. Further research into the different practice patterns may optimize patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Hsieh
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY
| | - Nadine Housri
- Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Comprehensive Cancer Center, New Haven, CT.
| | - Bruce Haffty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and the Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.
| | - Benjamin Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Lindsay M Burt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT.
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Trends in Use of Hypofractionated Whole Breast Radiation in Breast Cancer: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 109:449-457. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Longacre CF, Neprash HT, Shippee ND, Tuttle TM, Virnig BA. Travel, Treatment Choice, and Survival Among Breast Cancer Patients: A Population-Based Analysis. WOMEN'S HEALTH REPORTS (NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.) 2021; 2:1-10. [PMID: 33786524 PMCID: PMC7957915 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2020.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background: Travel distance to care facilities may shape urban-rural cancer survival disparities by creating barriers to specific treatments. Guideline-supported treatment options for women with early stage breast cancer involves considerations of breast conservation and travel burden: Mastectomy requires travel for surgery, whereas breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) requires travel for both surgery and RT. This provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the impact of travel distance on surgical decisions and receipt of guideline-concordant treatment. Materials and Methods: We included 61,169 women diagnosed with early stage breast cancer between 2004 and 2013 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Driving distances to the nearest radiation facility were calculated by using Google Maps. We used multivariable regression to model treatment choice as a function of distance to radiation and Cox regression to model survival. Results: Women living farthest from radiation facilities (>50 miles vs. <10 miles) were more likely to undergo mastectomy versus BCS (odds ratio [OR]: 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-1.79). Among only those who underwent BCS, women living farther from radiation facilities were less likely to receive guideline-concordant RT (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.32-2.23). These guideline-discordant women had worse overall (hazards ratio [HR]: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.42-1.57) and breast-cancer specific survival (HR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.29-1.60). Conclusions: We report two breast cancer treatments with different clinical and travel implications to show the association between travel distance, treatment decisions, and receipt of guideline-concordant treatment. Differential access to guideline-concordant treatment resulting from excess travel burden among rural patients may contribute to rural-urban survival disparities among cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen F. Longacre
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hannah T. Neprash
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nathan D. Shippee
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Todd M. Tuttle
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Beth A. Virnig
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Eldredge-Hindy H, Gaskins J, Dragun A, Roberts TL, Riley EC, McMasters KM, Ajkay N. Patient-Reported Outcomes and Cosmesis After Once-Weekly Hypofractionated Breast Irradiation in Medically Underserved Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020; 107:934-942. [PMID: 32387804 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and cosmesis from a phase 2 trial of once-weekly hypofractionated breast irradiation (WH-WBI) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). METHODS AND MATERIALS Patients had stage 0-II breast cancer treated with BCS and negative margins. WH-WBI was 28.5 to 30 Gy in 5 weekly fractions of 5.7 to 6 Gy delivered with or without a boost. PROs were collected for 3 years after treatment using the Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale (BCTOS) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Breast Cancer-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-BR23). Physicians rated cosmetic outcome with the Global Cosmesis Score. Longitudinal growth models were used to assess changes in BCTOS across time, and baseline values and changes between time points were correlated with patient and treatment factors. RESULTS From 2011 to 2015, 158 women received WH-WBI, and 148 were eligible for analysis after a median follow-up of 39.3 months. Adverse changes (P < .001) in global BCTOS score and breast pain and arm function subscores were observed 6 months after radiation therapy, followed by improvement to near-baseline values at years 1 and 3. Adverse changes in BCTOS cosmetic subscore were also detected at 6 months (P < .001), with no significant improvement at 1 (P = .385) and 3 (P = .644) years. No effect was detected for longitudinal changes in BCTOS scoring for age, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, breast volume, tumor size, seroma volume, dosimetric factors, dose, boost, or systemic therapy. Physician-rated cosmesis at 3 years was excellent/good in 89% and fair/poor in 11%. CONCLUSIONS WH-WBI was associated with transient worsening in arm function and breast pain but persistent adverse changes in cosmetic PROs that were typically mild or moderate in severity. Physician-rated cosmetic outcomes were acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Eldredge-Hindy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky.
| | - Jeremy Gaskins
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Anthony Dragun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - Teresa L Roberts
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Elizabeth C Riley
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kelly M McMasters
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Nicolas Ajkay
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky
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Quality of life after breast-conserving therapy and adjuvant radiotherapy for non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (BIG 3-07/TROG 07.01): 2-year results of a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 2020; 21:685-698. [PMID: 32203696 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(20)30085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND BIG 3-07/TROG 07.01 is an international, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial evaluating tumour bed boost and hypofractionation in patients with non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ following breast-conserving surgery and whole breast radiotherapy. Here, we report the effects of diagnosis and treatment on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) at 2 years. METHODS The BIG 3-07/TROG 07.01 trial is ongoing at 118 hospitals in 11 countries. Women aged 18 years or older with completely excised non-low-risk ductal carcinoma in situ were randomly assigned, by use of a minimisation algorithm, to tumour bed boost or no tumour bed boost, following conventional whole breast radiotherapy or hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy using one of three randomisation categories. Category A was a 4-arm randomisation of tumour bed boost versus no boost following conventional whole breast radiotherapy (50 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks) versus hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy (42·5 Gy in 16 fractions over 3·5 weeks). Category B was a 2-arm randomisation between tumour bed boost versus no boost following conventional whole breast radiotherapy, and category C was a 2-arm randomisation between tumour bed boost versus no boost following hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy. Stratification factors were age at diagnosis, planned endocrine therapy, and treating centre. The primary endpoint, time to local recurrence, will be reported when participants have completed 5 years of follow-up. The HRQOL statistical analysis plan prespecified eight aspects of HRQOL, assessed by four questionnaires at baseline, end of treatment, and at 6, 12, and 24 months after radiotherapy: fatigue and physical functioning (EORTC QLQ-C30); cosmetic status, breast-specific symptoms, arm and shoulder functional status (Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale); body image and sexuality (Body Image Scale); and perceived risk of invasive breast cancer (Cancer Worry Scale and a study-specific question). For each of these measures, tumour bed boost was compared with no boost, and conventional whole breast radiotherapy compared with hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy, by use of generalised estimating equation models. Analyses were by intention to treat, with Hochberg adjustment for multiple testing. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00470236. FINDINGS Between June 1, 2007, and Aug 14, 2013, 1208 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive no tumour bed boost (n=605) or tumour bed boost (n=603). 396 of 1208 women were assigned to category A: conventional whole breast radiotherapy with tumour bed boost (n=100) or no boost (n=98), or to hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy with tumour bed boost (n=98) or no boost (n=100). 447 were assigned to category B: conventional whole breast radiotherapy with tumour bed boost (n=223) or no boost (n=224). 365 were assigned to category C: hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy with tumour bed boost (n=182) or no boost (n=183). All patients were followed up at 2 years for the HRQOL analysis. 1098 (91%) of 1208 patients received their allocated treatment, and most completed their scheduled HRQOL assessments (1147 [95%] of 1208 at baseline; 988 [87%] of 1141 at 2 years). Cosmetic status was worse with tumour bed boost than with no boost across all timepoints (difference 0·10 [95% CI 0·05-0·15], global p=0·00014, Hochberg-adjusted p=0·0016); at the end of treatment, the estimated difference between tumour bed boost and no boost was 0·13 (95% CI 0·06-0·20; p=0·00021), persisting at 24 months (0·13 [0·06-0·20]; p=0·00021). Arm and shoulder function was also adversely affected by tumour bed boost across all timepoints (0·08 [95% CI 0·03-0·13], global p=0·0033, Hochberg adjusted p=0·045); the difference between tumour bed boost and no boost at the end of treatment was 0·08 (0·01 to 0·15, p=0·021), and did not persist at 24 months (0·04 [-0·03 to 0·11], p=0·29). None of the other six prespecified aspects of HRQOL differed significantly after adjustment for multiple testing. Conventional whole breast radiotherapy was associated with worse body image than hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy at the end of treatment (difference -1·10 [95% CI -1·79 to -0·42], p=0·0016). No significant differences were reported in the other PROs between conventional whole breast radiotherapy compared with hypofractionated whole breast radiotherapy. INTERPRETATION Tumour bed boost was associated with persistent adverse effects on cosmetic status and arm and shoulder functional status, which might inform shared decision making while local recurrence analysis is pending. FUNDING National Health and Medical Research Council, Susan G Komen for the Cure, Breast Cancer Now, OncoSuisse, Dutch Cancer Society.
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Gunn J, Lemini R, Partain K, Yeager T, Almerey T, Attwood K, McLaughlin S, Bagaria SP, Gabriel E. Trends in utilization of sentinel node biopsy and adjuvant radiation in women ≥ 70. Breast J 2020; 26:1321-1329. [PMID: 31908095 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Omission of routine axillary staging and adjuvant radiation (XRT) in women ≥ 70 years old with early stage, hormone receptor-positive, clinically node-negative breast cancer has been endorsed based on several landmark studies. We sought to determine how much omission of axillary staging/XRT has been adopted. METHODS Using the National Cancer Data Base, we selected malignant breast cancer cases in women ≥ 70 with ER + tumors, ≤2 cm with clinically negative lymph nodes who underwent breast conservation and had known XRT status in 2005-2015. The use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) and XRT status was summarized by year to determine trends over time. RESULTS In total, 57 230/69 982 patients underwent SNB. Of the 12 752 patients in whom SNB was omitted, 6296 were treated at comprehensive community cancer programs. Regarding XRT, 33 891/70 114 received adjuvant XRT. There were no significant trends with regards to patients receiving SNB or those receiving XRT. CONCLUSION Since 2005, there has been no change in SNB or XRT for early stage ER + breast tumors. However, there was a difference in omission of SNB based on facility type and setting. Future monitoring is needed to determine if these trends persist following the recently released Choosing Wisely® recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinny Gunn
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | | | - Tamanie Yeager
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Tariq Almerey
- Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Kristopher Attwood
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Longacre CF, Neprash HT, Shippee ND, Tuttle TM, Virnig BA. Evaluating Travel Distance to Radiation Facilities Among Rural and Urban Breast Cancer Patients in the Medicare Population. J Rural Health 2019; 36:334-346. [PMID: 31846127 DOI: 10.1111/jrh.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The distance patients travel for specialty care is an important barrier to health care access, particularly for those living in rural areas. This study characterizes the actual distance older breast cancer patients traveled to radiation treatment and the minimum distance necessary to reach radiation care, and examines whether any patient demographic or clinical factors are associated with greater travel distance. METHODS We used data from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Our cohort included 52,317 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2004 and 2013. Driving distances were calculated using Google Maps. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate associations between patient demographic and disease variables and travel distance. FINDINGS Patients living in rural areas traveled on average nearly 3 times as far as those from urban areas (40.8 miles vs 15.4 miles), and their nearest facility was more than 4 times farther away (21.9 miles vs 4.8 miles). Older age, being single or widowed, and lower household income were significantly associated with shorter actual travel distance, while increasing rurality was significantly associated with greater actual and minimum travel distance to radiation treatment. Disease severity (stage, grade, etc) was not significantly associated with actual or minimum travel distance. CONCLUSIONS In this insured population, travel distance to radiation facilities may pose a significant burden for breast cancer patients, particularly among those living in rural areas. Policymakers and patient advocates should explore service delivery models, reimbursement models, and social supports aimed at reducing the impact of travel to radiation treatment for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen F Longacre
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hannah T Neprash
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Nathan D Shippee
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Todd M Tuttle
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Beth A Virnig
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Wallace AS, Keene KS, Williams CP, Jackson BE, Pisu M, Rocque GB. Hypofractionated radiation in older women with breast cancer. Breast J 2019; 25:1206-1213. [PMID: 31359556 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND American Society of Radiation Oncology Choosing Wisely campaign recommends hypofractionated radiation and against routine use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in early-stage estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. We analyzed guideline recommendation adherence and financial implications in a modern Medicare cohort of women treated across the southeastern United States. METHODS Our study population comprised Medicare patients over 65 years of age with breast cancer diagnosis from 12 cancer centers in the Southeast United States with stage 0-II breast treated with lumpectomy from 2012 to 2015. Hypofractionation was defined as 4 or fewer weeks of radiation treatments. Factors associated with utilization of hypofractionation and IMRT were identified using Poisson regression. Median costs during radiation treatments were compared for hypofractionation and IMRT. RESULTS In older women (median age 71), 75% were treated with conventional fractionation, and 20% received IMRT. Hypofractionated women were more likely to have a positive estrogen(ER) or progestorone(PR) receptor status, lower comorbidity scores, and be treated at a high volume center (all P < 0.05). IMRT was utilized in 20% of patients and was more common in women treated with conventional fractionation (P < 0.001). Positive ER/PR status (P < 0.001) and utilization of hormonal blockade (P = 0.02) were associated with increased utilization of IMRT. CONCLUSION In an older cohort of patients with early-stage breast cancer, a majority were treated with conventional fractionated radiation, while approximately 20% were treated with IMRT. Both of which were associated with increased cost relative to hypofractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey S Wallace
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Kimberly S Keene
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Courtney P Williams
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Bradford E Jackson
- Cancer Information and Population Health Resource, UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carrboro, North Carolina
| | - Maria Pisu
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Gabrielle B Rocque
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Ojerholm E, Freedman GM, Bekelman JE. The Dollars and Sense of Hypofractionated Breast Radiation. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019; 109:3852223. [PMID: 29059429 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ojerholm
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Gary M Freedman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Justin E Bekelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, and Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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Struik GM, de Jongh FW, Birnie E, Pignol JP, Klem TM. Development and psychometric evaluation of a Dutch-translated shorter Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale (Dutch BCTOS-13). J Patient Rep Outcomes 2018; 2:60. [PMID: 30543030 PMCID: PMC6291412 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-018-0085-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To create a Dutch translated short version of the Breast Cancer Treatment Outcome Scale (BCTOS) and validate it in patients who have completed both breast conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. METHODS The BCTOS consists of items comparing the treated with the untreated breast. After forward and backward translation, we tested the BCTOS-12 plus 5 additional items. Two-hundred breast cancer patients treated with breast conserving therapy (BCT) between January 2016 and December 2017, were asked to complete the BCTOS items twice with a 2 week interval. The EORTC QLQ-BR23 breast and arm symptoms subscales were completed once in parallel. Feasibility was assessed by missing or non-unique answer rates and content validity with floor and ceiling effect analysis. Construct validity was evaluated with 1) principal component analysis (PCA) 2) convergent validity and 3) known groups comparison (clinical validity differentiating between patients with and without locoregional side effects). From all potential items with good feasibility, content and construct validity, items were selected for the Dutch BCTOS based on clinical validity. The relation to the EORTC QLQ-BR23 subscales and reliability was tested for the new Dutch BCTOS. RESULTS Hundred and one of 200 (50.5%) approached patients participated in this study, with follow-up after surgery ranging from 5 to 29 months. Feasibility was high (1.5% missing answers). Content validity testing showed a floor effect > 20% in all 17 items. PCA showed that all items loaded well (> 0.4) into the assigned subscale and revealed two distinct subscales: cosmesis and function. Based on clinical validity, item "breast shape" was replaced by "breast elevation/position" and "overall skin appearance". Very good clinical validity (Cohen's d = 1.38) was found for the new Dutch BCTOS-13. Correlation to the EORTC QLQ-BR23 subscales was high (ICC = 0.65-0.85) for both subscales. Test-retest reliability (Cohen's d = 0.105) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α =0.90) were excellent. CONCLUSIONS Psychometric evaluation of a newly developed Dutch BCTOS-13 questionnaire in BCT patients showed excellent results, that were slightly better than the original BCTOS-22 and the shortened BCTOS-12. The good clinical validity makes the BCTOS-13 a useful tool to identify patients with unfavourable cosmetic and functional outcomes, requiring specific attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerson M. Struik
- Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, PO Box 10900, 3004 BA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC - Cancer Institute, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank W. de Jongh
- Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, PO Box 10900, 3004 BA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Birnie
- Department of Statistics and Education, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, PO Box 10900, 3004 BA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, UMC Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30001, 9700 RB Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Philippe Pignol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Erasmus MC - Cancer Institute, PO Box 5201, 3008 AE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalhousie University, 5820 University Avenue, Halifax, NS B3H1V7 Canada
| | - Taco M. Klem
- Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland, PO Box 10900, 3004 BA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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De Rose F, Fogliata A, Franceschini D, Iftode C, Navarria P, Comito T, Franzese C, Fernandes B, Masci G, Torrisi R, Tinterri C, Testori A, Santoro A, Scorsetti M. Hypofractionation with simultaneous boost in breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy: A prospective evaluation of a case series and review of the literature. Breast 2018; 42:31-37. [PMID: 30149235 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2018.08.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate acute toxicity and cosmetic outcomes of hypofractionated simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) as adjuvant treatment after breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy and to review the association of chemotherapy and short fractionation with boost. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients presenting early-stage breast cancer were enrolled in a phase II trial. All patients received VMAT-SIB technique to the whole breast and tumor bed in 15 fractions, for a total dose of 40.5 and 48 Gy. Acute and late skin toxicities and breast pain were recorded. Cosmetic outcomes were also assessed as excellent/good or fair/poor. RESULTS Between August 2010 and December 2015, 787 consecutive patients were treated and had at least 2 year follow-up. A subset of 175 patients underwent adjuvant chemotherapy (median age of 55 years) and was analysed. The median follow up was 39 months (range 24-80). At the end of RT treatment, skin toxicity was G1 in 51.1% of patients, G2 in 9.7%. At 2 years of follow up, it was G1 in 13.5% of patients, no cases ≥ G2; cosmetic outcome was excellent in 63.5% and good in 36.5% of the patients. No significant difference compared to the patients without systemic therapy was observed. CONCLUSION Hypofractionated VMAT-SIB in patients who had undergone adjuvant systemic therapy was safe and well tolerated in terms of acute and early late settings and cosmesis. Our data confirmed the results of other studies published on the association of hypofractionation and chemotherapy or concomitant boost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenza De Rose
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Antonella Fogliata
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy.
| | - Davide Franceschini
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Cristina Iftode
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Pierina Navarria
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Comito
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ciro Franzese
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Bethania Fernandes
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Pathology Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masci
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Medical Oncology Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Rosalba Torrisi
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Medical Oncology Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Corrado Tinterri
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Breast Surgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Alberto Testori
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Breast Surgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Armando Santoro
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Medical Oncology Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Marta Scorsetti
- Humanitas Research Hospital and Cancer Center, Radiotherapy and Radiosurgery Dept, Milan, Rozzano, Italy; Humanitas University, Biomedical Science Faculty, Milan, Rozzano, Italy
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Gupta A, Ohri N, Haffty BG. Hypofractionated radiation treatment in the management of breast cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2018; 18:793-803. [PMID: 29902386 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2018.1489245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer is breast conservation therapy, consisting of breast conserving surgery followed by adjuvant radiation treatment (RT). Conventionally-fractionated whole breast irradiation (CF-WBI) has been the standard RT regimen, but recently shorter courses of hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (HF-WBI) have been advocated for patient convenience and reduction in healthcare costs and resources. Areas covered: This review covers the major randomized European and Canadian trials comparing HF-WBI to CF-WBI with long-term follow-up, as well as additional recently closed randomized trials that further seek to define the applicability of HF-WBI in clinical practice. Randomized data is summarized in terms of clinical utility and for a variety of clinical applications. Recently published consensus guidelines and practical implementation of HF-WBI including its broader effect on the healthcare system are reviewed. Finally, an assessment of the emerging evidence in support of hypofractionation for locally advanced disease is presented. Expert commentary: HF-WBI has replaced CF-WBI as the accepted standard of care in most women with early-stage breast cancer who do not require regional nodal irradiation. Early data supports the continued study of hypofractionation in the locally advanced setting, however broad adoption awaits longer follow-up and additional data from ongoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apar Gupta
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Nisha Ohri
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Bruce G Haffty
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
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Gupta A, Ohri N, Haffty BG. Hypofractionated whole breast irradiation is cost-effective-but is that enough to change practice? Transl Cancer Res 2018; 7:S469-S472. [PMID: 30123739 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2018.03.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Apar Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
| | - Nisha Ohri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
| | - Bruce G Haffty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
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Swanick CW, Lei X, Xu Y, Shen Y, Goodwin NA, Smith GL, Giordano SH, Hunt KK, Jagsi R, Shaitelman SF, Peterson SK, Smith BD. Long-term Patient-Reported Outcomes in Older Breast Cancer Survivors: A Population-Based Survey Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 100:882-890. [PMID: 29485067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE For older women with breast cancer, local therapy options may include lumpectomy plus whole-breast irradiation (Lump + WBI), lumpectomy plus brachytherapy (Lump + Brachy), lumpectomy alone (Lump alone), mastectomy without radiation therapy (Mast alone), and mastectomy plus radiation therapy (Mast + RT). We surveyed a population-based cohort of older breast cancer survivors to assess the association of local therapy with long-term quality-of-life outcomes. METHODS AND MATERIALS We used nationally comprehensive Medicare claims to identify women aged ≥67 years in whom nonmetastatic breast cancer was diagnosed in 2009, who were treated with 1 of the 5 aforementioned treatment options, and who were still alive in 2015. From this cohort, 1650 patients (330 patients per treatment) were randomly selected. A survey that included the CanSORT (Cancer Surveillance and Outcomes Research Team) Satisfaction with Breast Cosmetic Outcome, BREAST-Q, Decisional Regret Scale, and EQ-5D-3L was mailed to potential participants. We used multivariable linear regression to assess associations between local therapy and outcomes after adjusting for patient, disease, and treatment covariates. RESULTS Among the 489 women who returned the surveys (30% response rate), the median age at diagnosis was 72 years (range, 67-87 years). The interval from diagnosis to survey completion was approximately 6 years for all patients. Compared with Lump + WBI (adjusted score, 3.40), the CanSORT cosmetic satisfaction scores were higher for Lump + Brachy (score, 3.77; P = .007) and Lump alone (score, 3.80; P = .04) and lower for Mast + RT (score, 3.01; P = .006). Similar trends were seen for BREAST-Q cosmetic satisfaction. BREAST-Q psychosocial, sexual, and physical well-being and EQ-5D-3L global health status tended to be better in patients treated with less irradiation and less surgery. BREAST-Q adverse radiation effects were worse for Lump + WBI compared with Lump + Brachy. Decisional regret regarding surgery and radiation therapy did not differ across groups. Compared with patients treated with Lump + WBI, patients treated with Lump + Brachy and Lump alone reported slightly higher rates of in-breast recurrence (excess risk of 5.8% and 6.4%, respectively; P = .01). CONCLUSIONS In this nationally diverse cohort, less irradiation and less surgery were associated with better long-term quality-of-life outcomes. However, patient regret regarding surgery and radiation therapy was similar across all groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron W Swanick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Orlando Health UF Health Cancer Center, Orlando, Florida
| | - Xiudong Lei
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nathan A Goodwin
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Grace L Smith
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sharon H Giordano
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Reshma Jagsi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Simona F Shaitelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan K Peterson
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin D Smith
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Yu E, Huang D, Leonard K, Dipetrillo T, Wazer D, Hepel J. Analysis of Outcomes Using Hypofractionated Tumor Bed Boost Combined With Hypofractionated Whole Breast Irradiation for Early-stage Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Deshmukh AA, Shirvani SM, Lal L, Swint JM, Cantor SB, Smith BD, Likhacheva A. Cost-effectiveness Analysis Comparing Conventional, Hypofractionated, and Intraoperative Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 109:3851711. [PMID: 29059428 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early-stage breast cancer is among the most prevalent and costly malignancies treated in the American health care system. Adjuvant radiotherapy after lumpectomy represents a substantial portion of breast cancer expenditures. The relative value of novel radiotherapeutic approaches such as intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and hypofractionated whole breast irradiation (HF-WBI) compared with conventionally fractionated whole breast irradiation (CF-WBI) is unknown. Therefore, we used prospectively collected outcomes from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to compare the cost-effectiveness of these approaches. Methods We constructed a decision-analytic model that followed women who were treated with lumpectomy for early-stage breast cancer. Recurrence, mortality, complication rates, and utilities (five-year radiation-associated quality of life scores), were extracted from RCTs. Costs were based on Medicare reimbursement rates. Cost-effectiveness from societal and health care sector perspectives was estimated considering two scenarios-the first assumes that radiation-associated disutility persists five years after treatment, and the second assumes that disutility discontinues. Lifetime outcomes were summarized using incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses evaluated the robustness of the results. Results HF-WBI dominated CF-WBI (ie, resulted in higher quality-adjusted life-years [QALYs] and lower cost) in all scenarios. HF-WBI also had a greater likelihood of cost-effectiveness compared with IORT; under a societal perspective that assumes that radiation-associated disutility persists, HF-WBI results in an ICER of $17 024 per QALY compared with IORT with a probability of cost-effectiveness of 80% at the $100 000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold. If radiation-associated disutility is assumed to discontinue, the ICER is lower ($11 461/QALY), resulting in an even higher (83%) probability of relative cost-effectiveness. The ICER was most sensitive to the probability of metastasis and treatment cost. Conclusions For women with early-stage breast cancer requiring adjuvant radiotherapy, HF-WBI is cost-effective compared with CF-WBI and IORT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish A Deshmukh
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Shervin M Shirvani
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lincy Lal
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - J Michael Swint
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Scott B Cantor
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Benjamin D Smith
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Anna Likhacheva
- Department of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Department of Radiation Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, AZ; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX; The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Health Services Research and Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Utilization of hypofractionated whole-breast radiation therapy in patients receiving chemotherapy: a National Cancer Database analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017. [PMID: 28639030 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Results from four major hypofractionated whole-breast radiotherapy (HF-WBRT) trials have demonstrated equivalence in select patients with early-stage breast cancer when compared with conventionally fractionated WBRT (CF-WBRT). Because relatively little data were available on patients receiving neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, consensus guidelines published in 2011 did not endorse the use of HF-WBRT in this population. Our goal is to evaluate trends in utilization of HF-WBRT in patients receiving chemotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS We retrospectively analyzed data from 2004 to 2013 in the National Cancer DataBase on breast cancer patients treated with HF-WBRT who met the clinical criteria proposed by consensus guidelines (i.e., age >0 years, T1-2N0, and breast-conserving surgery), regardless of receipt of chemotherapy. We employed logistic regression to delineate and compare clinical and demographic factors associated with utilization of HF-WBRT and CF-WBRT. RESULTS A total of 56,836 women were treated with chemotherapy and WBRT (without regional nodal irradiation) from 2004 to 2013; 9.0% (n = 5093) were treated with HF-WBRT. Utilization of HF-WBRT increased from 4.6% in 2004 to 18.2% in 2013 (odds ratio [OR] 1.21/year; P < 0.001). Among patients receiving chemotherapy, factors most dramatically associated with increased odds of receiving HF-WBRT on multivariate analysis were academic facilities (OR 2.07; P < 0.001), age >80 (OR 2.58; P < 0.001), west region (OR 1.91; P < 0.001), and distance >50 miles from cancer reporting facility (OR 1.43; P < 0.001). Factors associated with decreased odds of receiving HF-WBRT included white race, income <$48,000, lack of private insurance, T2 versus T1, and higher grade (all P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Despite the absence of consensus guideline recommendations, the use of HF-WBRT in patients receiving chemotherapy has increased fourfold (absolute = 13.6%) over the last decade. Increased utilization of HF-WBRT should result in institutional reports verifying its safety and efficacy.
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Reddy JP, Lei X, Huang SC, Nicklaus KM, Fingeret MC, Shaitelman SF, Hunt KK, Buchholz TA, Merchant F, Markey MK, Smith BD. Quantitative Assessment of Breast Cosmetic Outcome After Whole-Breast Irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017; 97:894-902. [PMID: 28333010 PMCID: PMC5685181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To measure, by quantitative analysis of digital photographs, breast cosmetic outcome within the setting of a randomized trial of conventionally fractionated (CF) and hypofractionated (HF) whole-breast irradiation (WBI), to identify how quantitative cosmesis metrics were associated with patient- and physician-reported cosmesis and whether they differed by treatment arm. METHODS AND MATERIALS From 2011 to 2014, 287 women aged ≥40 with ductal carcinoma in situ or early invasive breast cancer were randomized to HF-WBI (42.56 Gy/16 fractions [fx] + 10-12.5 Gy/4-5 fx boost) or CF-WBI (50 Gy/25 fx + 10-14 Gy/5-7 fx). At 1 year after treatment we collected digital photographs, patient-reported cosmesis using the Breast Cancer Treatment and Outcomes Scale, and physician-reported cosmesis using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group scale. Six quantitative measures of breast symmetry, labeled M1-M6, were calculated from anteroposterior digital photographs. For each measure, values closer to 1 imply greater symmetry, and values closer to 0 imply greater asymmetry. Associations between M1-M6 and patient- and physician-reported cosmesis and treatment arm were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Among 245 evaluable patients, patient-reported cosmesis was strongly associated with M1 (vertical symmetry measure) (P<.01). Physician-reported cosmesis was similarly correlated with M1 (P<.01) and also with M2 (vertical symmetry, P=.01) and M4 (horizontal symmetry, P=.03). At 1 year after treatment, HF-WBI resulted in better values of M2 (P=.02) and M3 (P<.01) than CF-WBI; treatment arm was not significantly associated with M1, M4, M5, or M6 (P≥.12). CONCLUSIONS Quantitative assessment of breast photographs reveals similar to improved cosmetic outcome with HF-WBI compared with CF-WBI 1 year after treatment. Assessing cosmetic outcome using these measures could be useful for future comparative effectiveness studies and outcome reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Reddy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiudong Lei
- Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sheng-Cheng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Krista M Nicklaus
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas
| | - Michelle C Fingeret
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Simona F Shaitelman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kelly K Hunt
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Thomas A Buchholz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Fatima Merchant
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Mia K Markey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, Texas; Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin D Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Health Services Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Hasan Y, Waller J, Yao K, Chmura SJ, Huo D. Utilization trend and regimens of hypofractionated whole breast radiation therapy in the United States. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 162:317-328. [PMID: 28120272 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate the adoption of hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation (HF-WBI) over time and factors related to its adoption for patients undergoing lumpectomy. We also examined whether HF-WBI can increase the overall use of radiotherapy. METHODS Using data from the National Cancer Database between 2004 and 2013, we identified 528,051 invasive and 190,431 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients who underwent lumpectomy. HF-WBI was defined as 2.5-3.33 Gy/fraction to the breast, whereas conventional therapy (CF-WBI) was defined as 1.8-2.0 Gy/fraction. RESULTS The usage of HF-WBI among invasive cancer patients increased from 0.7% in 2004 to 15.6% in 2013, and among DCIS patients, HF-WBI increased from 0.4% in 2004 to 13.4% in 2013. However, these changes only lead to a slight increase in the overall use of radiotherapy. Interestingly, for DCIS patients who lived ≥50 miles from hospitals, the uptake of HF-WBI translated to a moderate increase in the overall use of radiotherapy (58% in 2004 to 63% in 2013). Multivariable logistic regression showed that older age, node-negative or smaller tumor, living in mountain states, rural area, or ≥50 miles from hospitals, and treated in large or academic cancer centers were associated with elevated HF-WBI use. The median duration of finishing radiotherapy for HF-WBI was 26 days, compared to 47 days for CF-WBI. CONCLUSIONS Although HF-WBI can save 3 weeks of patient time, its adoption remained low in the US. There was only a slight increase in the overall use of radiotherapy among patients undergoing lumpectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Hasan
- Department of Radiation & Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Waller
- Department of Radiation & Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katharine Yao
- Department of Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Steven J Chmura
- Department of Radiation & Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dezheng Huo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2000, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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