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Kudrna JJ, Ugen KE. Gene-based vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies against neurodegenerative diseases: Potential utility and limitations. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1921-6. [PMID: 26125436 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1065364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a recent expansion of vaccination and immunotherapeutic strategies from controlling infectious diseases to the targeting of non-infectious conditions including neurodegenerative disorders. In addition to conventional vaccine and immunotherapeutic modalities, gene-based methods that express antigens for presentation to the immune system by either live viral vectors or non-viral naked DNA plasmids have been developed and evaluated. This mini-review/commentary summarizes the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the research findings to date, of both of these gene-based vaccination approaches in terms of how they can be targeted against appropriate antigens within the Alzheimer and Parkinson disease pathogenesis processes as well as potentially against targets in other neurodegenerative diseases. Most recently, the novel utilization of these viral vector and naked DNA gene-based technologies includes the delivery of immunoglobulin genes from established biologically active monoclonal antibodies. This modified passive immunotherapeutic strategy has recently been applied to deliver passive antibody immunotherapy against the pathologically relevant amyloid β protein in Alzheimer disease. The advantages and disadvantages of this technological application of gene-based immune interventions, as well as research findings to date are also summarized. In sum, it is suggested that further evaluation of gene based vaccines and immunotherapies against neurodegenerative diseases are warranted to determine their potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy J Kudrna
- a Department of Molecular Medicine ; Morsani College of Medicine; University of South Florida ; Tampa , FL USA
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Single-chain fragment variable passive immunotherapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:19109-27. [PMID: 24048248 PMCID: PMC3794823 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140919109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of misfolded proteins has been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases including prion diseases, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD). In the past decade, single-chain fragment variable (scFv) -based immunotherapies have been developed to target abnormal proteins or various forms of protein aggregates including Aβ, SNCA, Htt, and PrP proteins. The scFvs are produced by fusing the variable regions of the antibody heavy and light chains, creating a much smaller protein with unaltered specificity. Because of its small size and relative ease of production, scFvs are promising diagnostic and therapeutic reagents for protein misfolded diseases. Studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of scFvs in preventing amyloid protein aggregation in preclinical models. Herein, we discuss recent developments of these immunotherapeutics. We review efforts of our group and others using scFv in neurodegenerative disease models. We illustrate the advantages of scFvs, including engineering to enhance misfolded conformer specificity and subcellular targeting to optimize therapeutic action.
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Shah S, Federoff HJ. Therapeutic potential of vaccines for Alzheimer's disease. Immunotherapy 2011; 3:287-98. [PMID: 21322764 DOI: 10.2217/imt.10.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and Tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Although the relationship between neuronal loss and the presence of plaques/tangles is not well understood, the prevailing Aβ hypothesis posits that excessive accumulation of conformers and assemblies of Aβ protein precedes AD-related dementia and neuronal loss. Consequently, most disease-modifying immunotherapy approaches are directed towards modulating the levels of Aβ. The first AD vaccine clinical trial (AN1792) was suspended after the patients developed meningoencephalitis. In spite of the setback, the trial provided insights to refine development second-generation vaccines, which are attempting to resolve the side effects observed in the trial. This article provides an analysis of these efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Shah
- Georgetown University Medical Center, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW 120 Building D, Washington, DC 20007, USA
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Lee SJ, Lim HS, Masliah E, Lee HJ. Protein aggregate spreading in neurodegenerative diseases: problems and perspectives. Neurosci Res 2011; 70:339-48. [PMID: 21624403 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Progressive accumulation of specific protein aggregates is a defining feature of many major neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, fronto-temporal dementia, Huntington's disease, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Findings from several recent studies have suggested that aggregation-prone proteins, such as tau, α-synuclein, polyglutamine-containing proteins, and amyloid-β, can spread to other cells and brain regions, a phenomenon considered unique to prion disorders, such as CJD and bovine spongiform encephalopathy. Cell-to-cell propagation of protein aggregates may be the general underlying principle for progressive deterioration of neurodegenerative diseases. This may also have significant implications in cell replacement therapies, as evidenced by the propagation of α-synuclein aggregates from host to grafted cells in long-term transplants in Parkinson's patients. Here, we review recent progress in protein aggregate propagation in experimental model systems and discuss outstanding questions and future perspectives. Understanding the mechanisms of this pathological spreading may open the way to unique opportunities for development of diagnostic techniques and novel therapies for protein misfolding-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Alexandrenne C, Wijkhuisen A, Dkhissi F, Hanoux V, Priam F, Allard B, Boquet D, Couraud JY. Electrotransfer of cDNA Coding for a Heterologous Prion Protein Generates Autoantibodies Against Native Murine Prion Protein in Wild-Type Mice. DNA Cell Biol 2010; 29:121-31. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2009.0940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Alexandrenne
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Anne Wijkhuisen
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
- UFR SdV, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Dkhissi
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
- UFR SdV, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Hanoux
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
- UFR SdV, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Priam
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
- UFR SdV, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Allard
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Didier Boquet
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Yves Couraud
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI, Laboratory of Antibody Engineering for Health, Gif sur Yvette, France
- UFR SdV, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
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Origlia N, Arancio O, Domenici L, Yan SS. MAPK, beta-amyloid and synaptic dysfunction: the role of RAGE. Expert Rev Neurother 2010; 9:1635-45. [PMID: 19903023 DOI: 10.1586/ern.09.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Genetic and biological studies provide strong support for the hypothesis that accumulation of beta amyloid peptide (Abeta) contributes to the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidence indicates that oligomeric soluble Abeta plays an important role in the development of synaptic dysfunction and the impairment of cognitive function in AD. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), a multiligand receptor in the immunoglobulin superfamily, acts as a cell surface binding site for Abeta and mediates alternations in the phosphorylation state of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs). Recent results have shown that MAPKs are involved in neurodegenerative processes. In particular, changes in the phosphorylation state of various MAPKs by Abeta lead to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline, as well as development of inflammatory responses in AD. The present review summarizes the evidence justifying a novel therapeutic approach focused on inhibition of RAGE signaling in order to arrest or halt the development of neuronal dysfunction in AD.
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