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Li N, Dong R, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Huang R, Liu W, Cao F, Yu J, Liao M, Chen J, Zhang W, Huang Z, Wang J, Li L, Zhu S, Huang D, Li Z, Zhang X, Yuan D, Chen N, Fan Y, Wang G, Schal C, Pan Y, Li S. Two sex pheromone receptors for sexual communication in the American cockroach. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1455-1467. [PMID: 38523236 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Volatile sex pheromones are vital for sexual communication between males and females. Females of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, produce and emit two sex pheromone components, periplanone-A (PA) and periplanone-B (PB). Although PB is the major sex attractant and can attract males, how it interacts with PA in regulating sexual behaviors is still unknown. In this study, we found that in male cockroaches, PA counteracted PB attraction. We identified two odorant receptors (ORs), OR53 and OR100, as PB/PA and PA receptors, respectively. OR53 and OR100 were predominantly expressed in the antennae of sexually mature males, and their expression levels were regulated by the sex differentiation pathway and nutrition-responsive signals. Cellular localization of OR53 and OR100 in male antennae further revealed that two types of sensilla coordinate a complex two-pheromone-two-receptor pathway in regulating cockroach sexual behaviors. These findings indicate distinct functions of the two sex pheromone components, identify their receptors and possible regulatory mechanisms underlying the male-specific and age-dependent sexual behaviors, and can guide novel strategies for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China.
| | - Renke Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Huanchao Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Run Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fengming Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jincong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Mingtao Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jingyou Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zejian Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Danyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zining Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongwei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yongliang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guirong Wang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, USA
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China.
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Tateishi K, Watanabe T, Domae M, Ugajin A, Nishino H, Nakagawa H, Mizunami M, Watanabe H. Interactive parallel sex pheromone circuits that promote and suppress courtship behaviors in the cockroach. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae162. [PMID: 38689705 PMCID: PMC11058470 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Many animals use multicomponent sex pheromones for mating, but the specific function and neural processing of each pheromone component remain unclear. The cockroach Periplaneta americana is a model for studying sex pheromone communication, and an adult female emits major and minor sex pheromone components, periplanone-B and -A (PB and PA), respectively. Attraction and courtship behaviors (wing-raising and abdominal extension) are strongly expressed when adult males are exposed to PB but weakly expressed when they are exposed to PA. When major PB is presented together with minor PA, behaviors elicited by PB were impaired, indicating that PA can both promote and suppress courtship behaviors depending on the pheromonal context. In this study, we identified the receptor genes for PA and PB and investigated the effects of knocking down each receptor gene on the activities of PA- and PB-responsive sensory neurons (PA- and PB-SNs), and their postsynaptic interneurons, and as well as effects on courtship behaviors in males. We found that PB strongly and PA weakly activate PB-SNs and their postsynaptic neurons, and activation of the PB-processing pathway is critical for the expression of courtship behaviors. PA also activates PA-SNs and the PA-processing pathway. When PA and PB are simultaneously presented, the PB-processing pathway undergoes inhibitory control by the PA-processing pathway, which weakens the expression of courtship behaviors. Our data indicate that physiological interactions between the PA- and PB-processing pathways positively and negatively mediate the attraction and courtship behaviors elicited by sex pheromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Tateishi
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Fukuoka, Japan
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Watanabe
- Research Center for Integrative Evolutionary Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Shonan Village, Hayama 240-0193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mana Domae
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ugajin
- Laboratory Sector, JT Biohistory Research Hall, 1-1 Murasaki-cho, Takatsuki 569-1125, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakagawa
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Mizunami
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Watanabe
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nishino H. Spatial odor map formation, development, and possible function in a nocturnal insect. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 59:101087. [PMID: 37468043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
An odor plume is composed of fine filamentous structures interspersed by clean air. Various animals use bilateral comparison with paired olfactory organs for detecting spatial and temporal features of the plume. American cockroaches are capable of locating a sex pheromone source with one long antenna spanning 5 cm, so-called unilateral odor sampling. This capability stems from an antennotopic map in which olfactory sensory neurons located proximo-distally in the antenna send axon terminals proximo-distally in a given glomerulus, relative to axonal entry points. Multiple output neurons (projection neurons) utilize this spatial map in the pheromone-receptive glomerulus. Here, I summarize neuronal underpinnings of receptive field formation, development, and how this intraglomerular spatial map can be utilized for odor localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nishino
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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Watanabe H, Tateishi K. Parallel olfactory processing in a hemimetabolous insect. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 59:101097. [PMID: 37541388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2023.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
To represent specific olfactory cues from the highly complex and dynamic odor world in the brain, insects employ multiple parallel olfactory pathways that process odors with different coding strategies. Here, we summarize the anatomical and physiological features of parallel olfactory pathways in the hemimetabolous insect, the cockroach Periplaneta americana. The cockroach processes different aspects of odor stimuli, such as odor qualities, temporal information, and dynamics, through parallel olfactory pathways. These parallel pathways are anatomically segregated from the peripheral to higher brain centers, forming functional maps within the brain. In addition, the cockroach may possess parallel pathways that correspond to distinct types of olfactory receptors expressed in sensory neurons. Through comparisons with olfactory pathways in holometabolous insects, we aim to provide valuable insights into the organization, functionality, and evolution of insect olfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Watanabe
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Tateishi
- Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Fukuoka, Japan; School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda 669-1330, Hyogo, Japan
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5
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Couto A, Arnold G, Ai H, Sandoz JC. Interspecific variation of antennal lobe composition among four hornet species. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20883. [PMID: 34686710 PMCID: PMC8536693 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00280-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfaction is a crucial sensory modality underlying foraging, social and mating behaviors in many insects. Since the olfactory system is at the interface between the animal and its environment, it receives strong evolutionary pressures that promote neuronal adaptations and phenotypic variations across species. Hornets are large eusocial predatory wasps with a highly developed olfactory system, critical for foraging and intra-specific communication. In their natural range, hornet species display contrasting ecologies and olfactory-based behaviors, which might match to adaptive shifts in their olfactory system. The first olfactory processing center of the insect brain, the antennal lobe, is made of morphological and functional units called glomeruli. Using fluorescent staining, confocal microscopy and 3D reconstructions, we compared antennal lobe structure, glomerular numbers and volumes in four hornet species (Vespa crabro, Vespa velutina, Vespa mandarinia and Vespa orientalis) with marked differences in nesting site preferences and predatory behaviors. Despite a conserved organization of their antennal lobe compartments, glomeruli numbers varied strongly between species, including in a subsystem thought to process intraspecific cuticular signals. Moreover, specific adaptations involving enlarged glomeruli appeared in two species, V. crabro and V. mandarinia, but not in the others. We discuss the possible function of these adaptations based on species-specific behavioral differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Couto
- Laboratory Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Gérard Arnold
- Laboratory Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hiroyuki Ai
- Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Laboratory Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, University Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, 1 avenue de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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6
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Fusca D, Kloppenburg P. Task-specific roles of local interneurons for inter- and intraglomerular signaling in the insect antennal lobe. eLife 2021; 10:65217. [PMID: 34554087 PMCID: PMC8460249 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Local interneurons (LNs) mediate complex interactions within the antennal lobe, the primary olfactory system of insects, and the functional analog of the vertebrate olfactory bulb. In the cockroach Periplaneta americana, as in other insects, several types of LNs with distinctive physiological and morphological properties can be defined. Here, we combined whole-cell patch-clamp recordings and Ca2+ imaging of individual LNs to analyze the role of spiking and nonspiking LNs in inter- and intraglomerular signaling during olfactory information processing. Spiking GABAergic LNs reacted to odorant stimulation with a uniform rise in [Ca2+]i in the ramifications of all innervated glomeruli. In contrast, in nonspiking LNs, glomerular Ca2+ signals were odorant specific and varied between glomeruli, resulting in distinct, glomerulus-specific tuning curves. The cell type-specific differences in Ca2+ dynamics support the idea that spiking LNs play a primary role in interglomerular signaling, while they assign nonspiking LNs an essential role in intraglomerular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Fusca
- Biocenter, Institute for Zoology, and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Kloppenburg
- Biocenter, Institute for Zoology, and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Morphology and physiology of olfactory neurons in the lateral protocerebrum of the silkmoth Bombyx mori. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16604. [PMID: 31719657 PMCID: PMC6851382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53318-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect olfaction is a suitable model to investigate sensory processing in the brain. Olfactory information is first processed in the antennal lobe and is then conveyed to two second-order centres—the mushroom body calyx and the lateral protocerebrum. Projection neurons processing sex pheromones and plant odours supply the delta area of the inferior lateral protocerebrum (∆ILPC) and lateral horn (LH), respectively. Here, we investigated the neurons arising from these regions in the brain of the silkmoth, Bombyx mori, using mass staining and intracellular recording with a sharp glass microelectrode. The output neurons from the ∆ILPC projected to the superior medial protocerebrum, whereas those from the LH projected to the superior lateral protocerebrum. The dendritic innervations of output neurons from the ∆ILPC formed a subdivision in the ∆ILPC. We discuss pathways for odour processing in higher order centres.
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Domae M, Iwasaki M, Mizunami M, Nishino H. Functional unification of sex pheromone-receptive glomeruli in the invasive Turkestan cockroach derived from the genus Periplaneta. Neurosci Lett 2019; 708:134320. [PMID: 31181298 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Female Periplaneta americana cockroaches emit two cooperatively working pheromone components, periplanone-B (PB) as a long-range attractant and periplanone-A (PA) as a short-range arrestant, and males develop enlarged glomeruli for processing them separately in the first-order olfactory center. Using intracellular recordings and neuronal labelings, we found that the Turkestan cockroach, Blatta lateralis, which is phylogenetically close to P. americana but having adapted to inground habitats, has an extraordinary large glomerulus. This is caused by drastic enlargement of the PB-responsive glomerulus but not the PA-responsive glomerulus during the late nymphal stage. The output neuron from the macroglomerulus is sensitive to both PA and PB, at a dose of only 0.1 fg. Nevertheless, B. lateralis males never exhibited courtship rituals in response to the presentation of periplanones or natural sex pheromone but exhibited courtship rituals in response to antennal contact with females. Our findings indicate that the unique behavioral ecology and habitats of B. lateralis are related to the functional unification of the pheromone processing system, opposite to the functional differentiation that often underlies species diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Domae
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masazumi Iwasaki
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Makoto Mizunami
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan.
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Bastin F, Couto A, Larcher V, Phiancharoen M, Koeniger G, Koeniger N, Sandoz JC. Marked interspecific differences in the neuroanatomy of the male olfactory system of honey bees (genus Apis). J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:3020-3034. [PMID: 30417379 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
All honey bee species (genus Apis) display a striking mating behavior with the formation of male (drone) congregations, in which virgin queens mate with many drones. Bees' mating behavior relies on olfactory communication involving queen-but also drone pheromones. To explore the evolution of olfactory communication in Apis, we analyzed the neuroanatomical organization of the antennal lobe (primary olfactory center) in the drones of five species from the three main lineages (open-air nesting species: dwarf honey bees Apis florea and giant honey bees Apis dorsata; cavity-nesting species: Apis mellifera, Apis kochevnikovi, and Apis cerana) and from three populations of A. cerana (Borneo, Thailand, and Japan). In addition to differences in the overall number of morphological units, the glomeruli, our data reveal marked differences in the number and position of macroglomeruli, enlarged units putatively dedicated to sex pheromone processing. Dwarf and giant honey bee species possess two macroglomeruli while cavity-nesting bees present three or four macroglomeruli, suggesting an increase in the complexity of sex communication during evolution in the genus Apis. The three A. cerana populations showed differing absolute numbers of glomeruli but the same three macroglomeruli. Overall, we identified six different macroglomeruli in the genus Apis. One of these (called MGb), which is dedicated to the detection of the major queen compound 9-ODA in A. mellifera, was conserved in all species. We discuss the implications of these results for our understanding of sex communication in honey bees and propose a putative scenario of antennal lobe evolution in the Apis genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Bastin
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS (UMR 9191), Univ Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Couto
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS (UMR 9191), Univ Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Virginie Larcher
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS (UMR 9191), Univ Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mananya Phiancharoen
- Ratchaburi Campus, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Gudrun Koeniger
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Koeniger
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Evolution, Genomes, Behavior and Ecology, CNRS (UMR 9191), Univ Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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10
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Brand P, Larcher V, Couto A, Sandoz JC, Ramírez SR. Sexual dimorphism in visual and olfactory brain centers in the perfume-collecting orchid bee Euglossa dilemma (Hymenoptera, Apidae). J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:2068-2077. [PMID: 30088672 PMCID: PMC6174972 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Insect mating behavior is controlled by a diverse array of sex‐specific traits and strategies that evolved to maximize mating success. Orchid bees exhibit a unique suite of perfume‐mediated mating behaviors. Male bees collect volatile compounds from their environment to concoct species‐specific perfume mixtures that are presumably used to attract conspecific females. Despite a growing understanding of the ecology and evolution of chemical signaling in orchid bees, many aspects of the functional adaptations involved, in particular regarding sensory systems, remain unknown. Here we investigated male and female brain morphology in the common orchid bee Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz. Males exhibited increased relative volumes of the Medulla, a visual brain region, which correlated with larger compound eye size (area). While the overall volume of olfactory brain regions was similar between sexes, the antennal lobes exhibited several sex‐specific structures including one male‐specific macroglomerulus. These findings reveal sexual dimorphism in both the visual and the olfactory system of orchid bees. It highlights the tendency of an increased investment in the male visual system similar to that observed in other bee lineages, and suggests that visual input may play a more important role in orchid bee male mating behavior than previously thought. Furthermore, our results suggest that the evolution of perfume communication in orchid bees did not involve drastic changes in olfactory brain morphology compared to other bee lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Brand
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Virginie Larcher
- Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Couto
- Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Evolution Genomes Behavior and Ecology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Santiago R Ramírez
- Department of Evolution and Ecology, Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, California
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11
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Spatial Receptive Fields for Odor Localization. Curr Biol 2018; 28:600-608.e3. [PMID: 29429617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Animals rely on olfaction to navigate through complex olfactory landscapes, but the mechanisms that allow an animal to encode the spatial structure of an odorous environment remain unclear. To acquire information about the spatial distribution of an odorant, animals may rely on bilateral olfactory organs and compare side differences of odor intensity and timing [1-6] or may perform spatial and temporal signal integration of subsequent samplings [7]. The American cockroach can efficiently locate a source of sex pheromone even after the removal of one antenna, suggesting that bilateral comparison is not a prerequisite for odor localization in this species [8, 9]. Cognate olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) originating from different locations on the flagellum, but bearing the same olfactory receptor, converge onto the same glomerulus within the antennal lobe, which is thought to result in a loss of spatial information. Here, we identified 12 types of pheromone-responsive projection neurons (PNs), each with spatially tuned receptive field. The combination of (1) the antennotopic organization of OSNs terminals and (2) the stereotyped compartmentalization of PNs' dendritic arborization within the macroglomerulus (MG), allows encoding the spatial position of the pheromone. Furthermore, each PN type innervates a different compartment of the mushroom body, providing the means for encoding spatial olfactory information along the olfactory circuit. Finally, MG PNs exhibit both excitatory and inhibitory spatial receptive fields and modulate their responses based on changes in stimulus geometry. In conclusion, we propose a mechanism for encoding information on the spatial distribution of a pheromone, expanding both our understanding of odor coding and of the strategies insects adopt to localize a sexual mate.
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Watanabe H, Nishino H, Mizunami M, Yokohari F. Two Parallel Olfactory Pathways for Processing General Odors in a Cockroach. Front Neural Circuits 2017; 11:32. [PMID: 28529476 PMCID: PMC5418552 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2017.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals, sensory processing via parallel pathways, including the olfactory system, is a common design. However, the mechanisms that parallel pathways use to encode highly complex and dynamic odor signals remain unclear. In the current study, we examined the anatomical and physiological features of parallel olfactory pathways in an evolutionally basal insect, the cockroach Periplaneta americana. In this insect, the entire system for processing general odors, from olfactory sensory neurons to higher brain centers, is anatomically segregated into two parallel pathways. Two separate populations of secondary olfactory neurons, type1 and type2 projection neurons (PNs), with dendrites in distinct glomerular groups relay olfactory signals to segregated areas of higher brain centers. We conducted intracellular recordings, revealing olfactory properties and temporal patterns of both types of PNs. Generally, type1 PNs exhibit higher odor-specificities to nine tested odorants than type2 PNs. Cluster analyses revealed that odor-evoked responses were temporally complex and varied in type1 PNs, while type2 PNs exhibited phasic on-responses with either early or late latencies to an effective odor. The late responses are 30–40 ms later than the early responses. Simultaneous intracellular recordings from two different PNs revealed that a given odor activated both types of PNs with different temporal patterns, and latencies of early and late responses in type2 PNs might be precisely controlled. Our results suggest that the cockroach is equipped with two anatomically and physiologically segregated parallel olfactory pathways, which might employ different neural strategies to encode odor information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Watanabe
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka UniversityFukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido UniversitySapporo, Japan
| | | | - Fumio Yokohari
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka UniversityFukuoka, Japan
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Dopamine- and Tyrosine Hydroxylase-Immunoreactive Neurons in the Brain of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta americana. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160531. [PMID: 27494326 PMCID: PMC4975486 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The catecholamine dopamine plays several vital roles in the central nervous system of many species, but its neural mechanisms remain elusive. Detailed neuroanatomical characterization of dopamine neurons is a prerequisite for elucidating dopamine’s actions in the brain. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of dopaminergic neurons in the brain of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, using two antisera: 1) an antiserum against dopamine, and 2) an antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, an enzyme required for dopamine synthesis), and identified about 250 putatively dopaminergic neurons. The patterns of dopamine- and TH-immunoreactive neurons were strikingly similar, suggesting that both antisera recognize the same sets of “dopaminergic” neurons. The dopamine and TH antibodies intensively or moderately immunolabeled prominent brain neuropils, e.g. the mushroom body (memory center), antennal lobe (first-order olfactory center) and central complex (motor coordination center). All subdivisions of the mushroom body exhibit both dopamine and TH immunoreactivity. Comparison of immunolabeled neurons with those filled by dye injection revealed that a group of immunolabeled neurons with cell bodies near the calyx projects into a distal region of the vertical lobe, which is a plausible site for olfactory memory formation in insects. In the antennal lobe, ordinary glomeruli as well as macroglomeruli exhibit both dopamine and TH immunoreactivity. It is noteworthy that the dopamine antiserum labeled tiny granular structures inside the glomeruli whereas the TH antiserum labeled processes in the marginal regions of the glomeruli, suggesting a different origin. In the central complex, all subdivisions excluding part of the noduli and protocerebral bridge exhibit both dopamine and TH immunoreactivity. These anatomical findings will accelerate our understanding of dopaminergic systems, specifically in neural circuits underlying aversive memory formation and arousal, in insects.
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Couto A, Lapeyre B, Thiéry D, Sandoz JC. Olfactory pathway of the hornet Vespa velutina
: New insights into the evolution of the hymenopteran antennal lobe. J Comp Neurol 2016; 524:2335-59. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Couto
- Laboratory Evolution Genome Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay; F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Benoit Lapeyre
- Laboratory Evolution Genome Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay; F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Denis Thiéry
- UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, INRA; F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon France
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR 1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, Bordeaux Sciences Agro; F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon France
| | - Jean-Christophe Sandoz
- Laboratory Evolution Genome Behavior and Ecology, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, IRD, Université Paris Saclay; F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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Namiki S, Takaguchi M, Seki Y, Kazawa T, Fukushima R, Iwatsuki C, Kanzaki R. Concentric zones for pheromone components in the mushroom body calyx of the moth brain. J Comp Neurol 2013; 521:1073-92. [PMID: 22911613 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of input and output neurons in the mushroom body (MB) calyx was investigated in the silkmoth Bombyx mori. In Lepidoptera, the brain has a specialized system for processing sex pheromones. How individual pheromone components are represented in the MB has not yet been elucidated. Toward this end, we first compared the distribution of the presynaptic boutons of antennal lobe projection neurons (PNs), which transfer odor information from the antennal lobe to the MB calyx. The axons of PNs that innervate pheromonal glomeruli were confined to a relatively small area within the calyx. In contrast, the axons of PNs that innervate nonpheromonal glomeruli were more widely distributed. PN axons for the minor pheromone component covered a larger area than those for the major pheromone component and partially overlapped with those innervating nonpheromonal glomeruli, suggesting the integration of the minor pheromone component with plant odors. Overall, we found that PN axons innervating pheromonal and nonpheromonal glomeruli were organized into concentric zones. We then analyzed the dendritic fields of Kenyon cells (KCs), which receive inputs from PNs. Despite the strong regional localization of axons of different PN classes, the dendrites of KCs were less well classified. Finally, we estimated the connectivity between PNs and KCs and suggest that the dendritic field may be organized to receive different amounts of pheromonal and nonpheromonal inputs. PNs for multiple pheromone components and plant odors enter the calyx in a concentric fashion, and they are read out by the elaborate dendritic field of KCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiro Namiki
- Intelligent Cooperative Systems Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
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Rössler W, Brill MF. Parallel processing in the honeybee olfactory pathway: structure, function, and evolution. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2013; 199:981-96. [PMID: 23609840 PMCID: PMC3824823 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-013-0821-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Animals face highly complex and dynamic olfactory stimuli in their natural environments, which require fast and reliable olfactory processing. Parallel processing is a common principle of sensory systems supporting this task, for example in visual and auditory systems, but its role in olfaction remained unclear. Studies in the honeybee focused on a dual olfactory pathway. Two sets of projection neurons connect glomeruli in two antennal-lobe hemilobes via lateral and medial tracts in opposite sequence with the mushroom bodies and lateral horn. Comparative studies suggest that this dual-tract circuit represents a unique adaptation in Hymenoptera. Imaging studies indicate that glomeruli in both hemilobes receive redundant sensory input. Recent simultaneous multi-unit recordings from projection neurons of both tracts revealed widely overlapping response profiles strongly indicating parallel olfactory processing. Whereas lateral-tract neurons respond fast with broad (generalistic) profiles, medial-tract neurons are odorant specific and respond slower. In analogy to “what-” and “where” subsystems in visual pathways, this suggests two parallel olfactory subsystems providing “what-” (quality) and “when” (temporal) information. Temporal response properties may support across-tract coincidence coding in higher centers. Parallel olfactory processing likely enhances perception of complex odorant mixtures to decode the diverse and dynamic olfactory world of a social insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Rössler
- Behavioral Physiology and Sociobiology (Zoology II), Biozentrum, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany,
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Watanabe H, Ai H, Yokohari F. Spatio-temporal activity patterns of odor-induced synchronized potentials revealed by voltage-sensitive dye imaging and intracellular recording in the antennal lobe of the cockroach. Front Syst Neurosci 2012; 6:55. [PMID: 22848191 PMCID: PMC3404411 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2012.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In animals, odor qualities are represented as both spatial activity patterns of glomeruli and temporal patterns of synchronized oscillatory signals in the primary olfactory centers. By optical imaging of a voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) and intracellular recording from secondary olfactory interneurons, we examined possible neural correlates of the spatial and temporal odor representations in the primary olfactory center, the antennal lobe (AL), of the cockroach Periplaneta americana. Voltage-sensitive dye imaging revealed that all used odorants induced odor-specific temporal patterns of depolarizing potentials in specific combinations of anterior glomeruli of the AL. The depolarizing potentials evoked by different odorants were temporally synchronized across glomeruli and were termed "synchronized potentials." These observations suggest that odor qualities are represented by spatio-temporal activity patterns of the synchronized potentials across glomeruli. We also performed intracellular recordings and stainings from secondary olfactory interneurons, namely projection neurons and local interneurons. We analyzed the temporal structures of enanthic acid-induced action potentials of secondary olfactory interneurons using simultaneous paired intracellular recording from two given neurons. Our results indicated that the multiple local interneurons synchronously fired in response to the olfactory stimulus. In addition, all stained enanthic acid-responsive projection neurons exhibited dendritic arborizations within the glomeruli where the synchronized potentials were evoked. Since multiple local interneurons are known to synapse to a projection neuron in each glomerulus in the cockroach AL, converging inputs from local interneurons to the projection neurons appear to contribute the odorant specific spatio-temporal activity patterns of the synchronized potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Watanabe
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University Fukuoka, Japan
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