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Straight PJ, Gignac PM, Kuenzel WJ. A histological and diceCT-derived 3D reconstruction of the avian visual thalamofugal pathway. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8447. [PMID: 38600121 PMCID: PMC11006926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58788-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amniotes feature two principal visual processing systems: the tectofugal and thalamofugal pathways. In most mammals, the thalamofugal pathway predominates, routing retinal afferents through the dorsolateral geniculate complex to the visual cortex. In most birds, the thalamofugal pathway often plays the lesser role with retinal afferents projecting to the principal optic thalami, a complex of several nuclei that resides in the dorsal thalamus. This thalamic complex sends projections to a forebrain structure called the Wulst, the terminus of the thalamofugal visual system. The thalamofugal pathway in birds serves many functions such as pattern discrimination, spatial memory, and navigation/migration. A comprehensive analysis of avian species has unveiled diverse subdivisions within the thalamic and forebrain structures, contingent on species, age, and techniques utilized. In this study, we documented the thalamofugal system in three dimensions by integrating histological and contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging of the avian brain. Sections of two-week-old chick brains were cut in either coronal, sagittal, or horizontal planes and stained with Nissl and either Gallyas silver or Luxol Fast Blue. The thalamic principal optic complex and pallial Wulst were subdivided on the basis of cell and fiber density. Additionally, we utilized the technique of diffusible iodine-based contrast-enhanced computed tomography (diceCT) on a 5-week-old chick brain, and right eyeball. By merging diceCT data, stained histological sections, and information from the existing literature, a comprehensive three-dimensional model of the avian thalamofugal pathway was constructed. The use of a 3D model provides a clearer understanding of the structural and spatial organization of the thalamofugal system. The ability to integrate histochemical sections with diceCT 3D modeling is critical to better understanding the anatomical and physiologic organization of complex pathways such as the thalamofugal visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker J Straight
- Poultry Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA.
| | - Paul M Gignac
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA
- MicroCT Imaging Consortium for Research and Outreach, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Wayne J Kuenzel
- Poultry Science Department, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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2
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Steinemer A, Simon A, Güntürkün O, Rook N. Parallel executive pallio-motor loops in the pigeon brain. J Comp Neurol 2024; 532:e25611. [PMID: 38625816 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
A core component of the avian pallial cognitive network is the multimodal nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) that is considered to be analogous to the mammalian prefrontal cortex (PFC). The NCL plays a key role in a multitude of executive tasks such as working memory, decision-making during navigation, and extinction learning in complex learning environments. Like the PFC, the NCL is positioned at the transition from ascending sensory to descending motor systems. For the latter, it sends descending premotor projections to the intermediate arcopallium (AI) and the medial striatum (MSt). To gain detailed insight into the organization of these projections, we conducted several retrograde and anterograde tracing experiments. First, we tested whether NCL neurons projecting to AI (NCLarco neurons) and MSt (NCLMSt neurons) are constituted by a single neuronal population with bifurcating neurons, or whether they form two distinct populations. Here, we found two distinct projection patterns to both target areas that were associated with different morphologies. Second, we revealed a weak topographic projection toward the medial and lateral striatum and a strong topographic projection toward AI with clearly distinguishable sensory termination fields. Third, we investigated the relationship between the descending NCL pathways to the arcopallium with those from the hyperpallium apicale, which harbors a second major descending pathway of the avian pallium. We embed our findings within a system of parallel pallio-motor loops that carry information from separate sensory modalities to different subpallial systems. Our results also provide insights into the evolution of the avian motor system from which, possibly, the song system has emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Steinemer
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annika Simon
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Noemi Rook
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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3
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Kersten Y, Moll FW, Erdle S, Nieder A. Input and Output Connections of the Crow Nidopallium Caudolaterale. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0098-24.2024. [PMID: 38684368 PMCID: PMC11064124 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0098-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The avian telencephalic structure nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) functions as an analog to the mammalian prefrontal cortex. In crows, corvid songbirds, it plays a crucial role in higher cognitive and executive functions. These functions rely on the NCL's extensive telencephalic connections. However, systematic investigations into the brain-wide connectivity of the NCL in crows or other songbirds are lacking. Here, we studied its input and output connections by injecting retrograde and anterograde tracers into the carrion crow NCL. Our results, mapped onto a published carrion crow brain atlas, confirm NCL multisensory connections and extend prior pigeon findings by identifying a novel input from the hippocampal formation. Furthermore, we analyze crow NCL efferent projections to the arcopallium and report newly identified arcopallial neurons projecting bilaterally to the NCL. These findings help to clarify the role of the NCL as central executive hub in the corvid songbird brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Kersten
- Animal Physiology Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Felix W Moll
- Animal Physiology Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Saskia Erdle
- Animal Physiology Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
| | - Andreas Nieder
- Animal Physiology Unit, Institute of Neurobiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen 72076, Germany
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4
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Metwalli AH, Pross A, Desfilis E, Abellán A, Medina L. Mapping of corticotropin-releasing factor, receptors, and binding protein mRNA in the chicken telencephalon throughout development. J Comp Neurol 2023. [PMID: 37393534 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the neural mechanisms that regulate the stress response is critical to know how animals adapt to a changing world and is one of the key factors to be considered for improving animal welfare. Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is crucial for regulating physiological and endocrine responses, triggering the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) during stress. In mammals, several telencephalic areas, such as the amygdala and the hippocampus, regulate the autonomic system and the HPA responses. These centers include subpopulations of CRF containing neurons that, by way of CRF receptors, play modulatory roles in the emotional and cognitive aspects of stress. CRF binding protein also plays a role, buffering extracellular CRF and regulating its availability. CRF role in activation of the HPA is evolutionary conserved in vertebrates, highlighting the relevance of this system to help animals cope with adversity. However, knowledge on CRF systems in the avian telencephalon is very limited, and no information exists on detailed expression of CRF receptors and binding protein. Knowing that the stress response changes with age, with important variations during the first week posthatching, the aim of this study was to analyze mRNA expression of CRF, CRF receptors 1 and 2, and CRF binding protein in chicken telencephalon throughout embryonic and early posthatching development, using in situ hybridization. Our results demonstrate an early expression of CRF and its receptors in pallial areas regulating sensory processing, sensorimotor integration and cognition, and a late expression in subpallial areas regulating the stress response. However, CRF buffering system develops earlier in the subpallium than in the pallium. These results help to understand the mechanisms underlying the negative effects of noise and light during prehatching stages in chicken, and suggest that stress regulation becomes more sophisticated with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alek H Metwalli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Lleida's Institute for Biomedical Research-Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alessandra Pross
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Lleida's Institute for Biomedical Research-Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ester Desfilis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Lleida's Institute for Biomedical Research-Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antonio Abellán
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Lleida's Institute for Biomedical Research-Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Loreta Medina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
- Laboratory of Evolutionary and Developmental Neurobiology, Lleida's Institute for Biomedical Research-Dr. Pifarré Foundation (IRBLleida), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Reiner A. Could theropod dinosaurs have evolved to a human level of intelligence? J Comp Neurol 2023; 531:975-1006. [PMID: 37029483 PMCID: PMC10106414 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Noting that some theropod dinosaurs had large brains, large grasping hands, and likely binocular vision, paleontologist Dale Russell suggested that a branch of these dinosaurs might have evolved to a human intelligence level, had dinosaurs not become extinct. I offer reasons why the likely pallial organization in dinosaurs would have made this improbable, based on four assumptions. First, it is assumed that achieving human intelligence requires evolving an equivalent of the about 200 functionally specialized cortical areas characteristic of humans. Second, it is assumed that dinosaurs had an avian nuclear type of pallial organization, in contrast to the mammalian cortical organization. Third, it is assumed that the interactions between the different neuron types making up an information processing unit within pallium are critical to its role in analyzing information. Finally, it is assumed that increasing axonal length between the neuron sets carrying out this operation impairs its efficacy. Based on these assumptions, I present two main reasons why dinosaur pallium might have been unable to add the equivalent of 200 efficiently functioning cortical areas. First, a nuclear pattern of pallial organization would require increasing distances between the neuron groups corresponding to the separate layers of any given mammalian cortical area, as more sets of nuclei equivalent to a cortical area are interposed between the existing sets, increasing axon length and thereby impairing processing efficiency. Second, because of its nuclear organization, dinosaur pallium could not reduce axon length by folding to bring adjacent areas closer together, as occurs in cerebral cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Reiner
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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6
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Morphology, biochemistry and connectivity of Cluster N and the hippocampal formation in a migratory bird. Brain Struct Funct 2022; 227:2731-2749. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-022-02566-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe exceptional navigational capabilities of migrating birds are based on the perception and integration of a variety of natural orientation cues. The “Wulst” in the forebrain of night-migratory songbirds contains a brain area named “Cluster N”, which is involved in processing directional navigational information derived from the Earth´s magnetic field. Cluster N is medially joined by the hippocampal formation, known to retrieve and utilise navigational information. To investigate the connectivity and neurochemical characteristics of Cluster N and the hippocampal formation of migratory birds, we performed morphological and histochemical analyses based on the expression of calbindin, calretinin, parvalbumin, glutamate receptor type 1 and early growth response protein-1 in the night-migratory Garden warbler (Sylvia borin) and mapped their mutual connections using neuronal tract tracing. The resulting expression patterns revealed regionally restricted neurochemical features, which mapped well onto the hippocampal and hyperpallial substructures known from other avian species. Magnetic field-induced neuronal activation covered caudal parts of the hyperpallium and the medially adjacent hippocampal dorsomedial/dorsolateral subdivisions. Neuronal tract tracings revealed connections between Cluster N and the hippocampal formation with the vast majority originating from the densocellular hyperpallium, either directly or indirectly via the area corticoidea dorsolateralis. Our data indicate that the densocellular hyperpallium could represent a central relay for the transmission of magnetic compass information to the hippocampal formation where it might be integrated with other navigational cues in night-migratory songbirds.
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7
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Executive Functions in Birds. BIRDS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/birds3020013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Executive functions comprise of top-down cognitive processes that exert control over information processing, from acquiring information to issuing a behavioral response. These cognitive processes of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility underpin complex cognitive skills, such as episodic memory and planning, which have been repeatedly investigated in several bird species in recent decades. Until recently, avian executive functions were studied in relatively few bird species but have gained traction in comparative cognitive research following MacLean and colleagues’ large-scale study from 2014. Therefore, in this review paper, the relevant previous findings are collected and organized to facilitate further investigations of these core cognitive processes in birds. This review can assist in integrating findings from avian and mammalian cognitive research and further the current understanding of executive functions’ significance and evolution.
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8
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Castro L, Remund Wiger E, Wasserman E. Focusing and shifting attention in pigeon category learning. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL LEARNING AND COGNITION 2021; 47:371-383. [PMID: 34618535 DOI: 10.1037/xan0000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Adaptively and flexibly modifying one's behavior depending on the current demands of the situation is a hallmark of executive function. Here, we examined whether pigeons could flexibly shift their attention from one set of features that were relevant in one categorization task to another set of features that were relevant in a second categorization task. Critically, members of both sets of features were available on every training trial, thereby requiring that attention be adaptively deployed on a trial-by-trial basis based on contextual information. The pigeons not only learned to correctly categorize the stimuli but, as training progressed, they concentrated their pecks to the training stimuli (a proxy measure for attention) on those features that were relevant in a specific context. The pigeons selectively tracked the features that were relevant in Context 1-but were irrelevant in Context 2-and they selectively tracked the features that were relevant in Context 2-but were irrelevant in Context 1. This adept feature tracking requires disengaging attention from a previously relevant feature and shifting attention to a previously ignored feature on a trial-by-trial basis. Pigeons' adaptive and flexible performance provides strong empirical support for the involvement of focusing and shifting attention under exceptionally challenging training conditions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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9
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Fernández M, Reyes-Pinto R, Norambuena C, Sentis E, Mpodozis J. A canonical interlaminar circuit in the sensory dorsal ventricular ridge of birds: The anatomical organization of the trigeminal pallium. J Comp Neurol 2021; 529:3410-3428. [PMID: 34176123 DOI: 10.1002/cne.25201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR), which is the largest component of the avian pallium, contains discrete partitions receiving tectovisual, auditory, and trigeminal ascending projections. Recent studies have shown that the auditory and the tectovisual regions can be regarded as complexes composed of three highly interconnected layers: an internal senso-recipient one, an intermediate afferent/efferent one, and a more external re-entrant one. Cells located in homotopic positions in each of these layers are reciprocally linked by an interlaminar loop of axonal processes, forming columnar-like local circuits. Whether this type of organization also extends to the trigemino-recipient DVR is, at present, not known. This question is of interest, since afferents forming this sensory pathway, exceptional among amniotes, are not thalamic but rhombencephalic in origin. We investigated this question by placing minute injections of neural tracers into selected locations of vital slices of the chicken telencephalon. We found that neurons of the trigemino-recipient nucleus basorostralis pallii (Bas) establish reciprocal, columnar and homotopical projections with cells located in the overlying ventral mesopallium (MV). "Column-forming" axons originated in B and MV terminate also in the intermediate strip, the fronto-trigeminal nidopallium (NFT), in a restricted manner. We also found that the NFT and an internal partition of B originate substantial, coarse-topographic projections to the underlying portion of the lateral striatum. We conclude that all sensory areas of the DVR are organized according to a common neuroarchitectonic motif, which bears a striking resemblance to that of the radial/laminar intrinsic circuits of the sensory cortices of mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máximo Fernández
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rosana Reyes-Pinto
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Norambuena
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisa Sentis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Mpodozis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Spool JA, Macedo-Lima M, Scarpa G, Morohashi Y, Yazaki-Sugiyama Y, Remage-Healey L. Genetically identified neurons in avian auditory pallium mirror core principles of their mammalian counterparts. Curr Biol 2021; 31:2831-2843.e6. [PMID: 33989528 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In vertebrates, advanced cognitive abilities are typically associated with the telencephalic pallium. In mammals, the pallium is a layered mixture of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal populations with distinct molecular, physiological, and network phenotypes. This cortical architecture is proposed to support efficient, high-level information processing. Comparative perspectives across vertebrates provide a lens to understand the common features of pallium that are important for advanced cognition. Studies in songbirds have established strikingly parallel features of neuronal types between mammalian and avian pallium. However, lack of genetic access to defined pallial cell types in non-mammalian vertebrates has hindered progress in resolving connections between molecular and physiological phenotypes. A definitive mapping of the physiology of pallial cells onto their molecular identities in birds is critical for understanding how synaptic and computational properties depend on underlying molecular phenotypes. Using viral tools to target excitatory versus inhibitory neurons in the zebra finch auditory association pallium (calmodulin-dependent kinase alpha [CaMKIIα] and glutamate decarboxylase 1 [GAD1] promoters, respectively), we systematically tested predictions derived from mammalian pallium. We identified two genetically distinct neuronal populations that exhibit profound physiological and computational similarities with mammalian excitatory and inhibitory pallial cells, definitively aligning putative cell types in avian caudal nidopallium with these molecular identities. Specifically, genetically identified CaMKIIα and GAD1 cell types in avian auditory association pallium exhibit distinct intrinsic physiological parameters, distinct auditory coding principles, and inhibitory-dependent pallial synchrony, gamma oscillations, and local suppression. The retention, or convergence, of these molecular and physiological features in both birds and mammals clarifies the characteristics of pallial circuits for advanced cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Spool
- Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Matheus Macedo-Lima
- Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA; CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília 70040-020, Brazil
| | - Garrett Scarpa
- Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Yuichi Morohashi
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yoko Yazaki-Sugiyama
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST) Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Luke Remage-Healey
- Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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11
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Stacho M, Herold C, Rook N, Wagner H, Axer M, Amunts K, Güntürkün O. A cortex-like canonical circuit in the
avian forebrain. Science 2020; 369:369/6511/eabc5534. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abc5534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the avian pallium seems to lack
an organization akin to that of the cerebral
cortex, birds exhibit extraordinary cognitive
skills that are comparable to those of mammals. We
analyzed the fiber architecture of the avian
pallium with three-dimensional polarized light
imaging and subsequently reconstructed local and
associative pallial circuits with tracing
techniques. We discovered an iteratively repeated,
column-like neuronal circuitry across the
layer-like nuclear boundaries of the hyperpallium
and the sensory dorsal ventricular ridge. These
circuits are connected to neighboring columns and,
via tangential layer-like connections, to higher
associative and motor areas. Our findings indicate
that this avian canonical circuitry is similar to
its mammalian counterpart and might constitute the
structural basis of neuronal computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Stacho
- Department of Biopsychology,
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of
Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum,
Germany
- Department of Neurophysiology,
Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine,
Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum,
Germany
| | - Christina Herold
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for
Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine
University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf,
Germany
| | - Noemi Rook
- Department of Biopsychology,
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of
Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum,
Germany
| | - Hermann Wagner
- Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen
University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Markus Axer
- Institute of Neuroscience and
Medicine INM-1, Research Center Jülich, 52425
Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Cécile and Oskar Vogt Institute for
Brain Research, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine
University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf,
Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and
Medicine INM-1, Research Center Jülich, 52425
Jülich, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Department of Biopsychology,
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of
Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum,
Germany
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12
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von Eugen K, Tabrik S, Güntürkün O, Ströckens F. A comparative analysis of the dopaminergic innervation of the executive caudal nidopallium in pigeon, chicken, zebra finch, and carrion crow. J Comp Neurol 2020; 528:2929-2955. [PMID: 32020608 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the long, separate evolutionary history of birds and mammals, both lineages developed a rich behavioral repertoire of remarkably similar executive control generated by distinctly different brains. The seat for executive functioning in birds is the nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL) and the mammalian equivalent is known as the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Both are densely innervated by dopaminergic fibers, and are an integration center of sensory input and motor output. Whereas the variation of the PFC has been well documented in different mammalian orders, we know very little about the NCL across the avian clade. In order to investigate whether this structure adheres to species-specific variations, this study aimed to describe the trajectory of the NCL in pigeon, chicken, carrion crow and zebra finch. We employed immunohistochemistry to map dopaminergic innervation, and executed a Gallyas stain to visualize the dorsal arcopallial tract that runs between the NCL and the arcopallium. Our analysis showed that whereas the trajectory of the NCL in the chicken is highly comparable to the pigeon, the two Passeriformes show a strikingly different pattern. In both carrion crow and zebra finch, we identified four different subareas of high dopaminergic innervation that span the entire caudal forebrain. Based on their sensory input, motor output, and involvement in dopamine-related cognitive control of the delineated areas here, we propose that at least three morphologically different subareas constitute the NCL in these songbirds. Thus, our study shows that comparable to the PFC in mammals, the NCL in birds varies considerably across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaya von Eugen
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sepideh Tabrik
- Neurologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil GmbH, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Felix Ströckens
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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13
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Fernández M, Morales C, Durán E, Fernández‐Colleman S, Sentis E, Mpodozis J, Karten HJ, Marín GJ. Parallel organization of the avian sensorimotor arcopallium: Tectofugal visual pathway in the pigeon (
Columba livia
). J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:597-623. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Máximo Fernández
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Cristian Morales
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Ernesto Durán
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | | | - Elisa Sentis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Jorge Mpodozis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Harvey J. Karten
- Department of Neurosciences, School of MedicineUniversity of California San Diego California
| | - Gonzalo J. Marín
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Chile Santiago Chile
- Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile
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14
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Belekhova MG, Kenigfest NB, Vasilyev DS, Chudinova TV. Distribution of Calcium-Binding Proteins and Cytochrome Oxidase Activity in the Projective Zone (Wulst) of the Pigeon Thalamofugal Visual Pathway: A Discussion in the Light of Current Concepts on Homology between the Avian Wulst and the Mammalian Striate (Visual) Cortex. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093019040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Fernández M, Ahumada‐Galleguillos P, Sentis E, Marín G, Mpodozis J. Intratelencephalic projections of the avian visual dorsal ventricular ridge: Laminarly segregated, reciprocally and topographically organized. J Comp Neurol 2019; 528:321-359. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Máximo Fernández
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Patricio Ahumada‐Galleguillos
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Elisa Sentis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
| | - Gonzalo Marín
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
- Facultad de Medicina Universidad Finis Terrae Santiago Chile
| | - Jorge Mpodozis
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile
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Atoji Y, Wild JM. Projections of the densocellular part of the hyperpallium in the rostral Wulst of pigeons (Columba livia). Brain Res 2019; 1711:130-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Tiunova AA, Bezriadnov DV, Komissarova NV, Anokhin KV. Recovery of Impaired Memory: Expression of c-Fos and Egr-1 Transcription Factors during Restoration of Damaged Engram in the Chick Brain. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:1117-1123. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918090134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Furlan G, Cuccioli V, Vuillemin N, Dirian L, Muntasell AJ, Coolen M, Dray N, Bedu S, Houart C, Beaurepaire E, Foucher I, Bally-Cuif L. Life-Long Neurogenic Activity of Individual Neural Stem Cells and Continuous Growth Establish an Outside-In Architecture in the Teleost Pallium. Curr Biol 2017; 27:3288-3301.e3. [PMID: 29107546 PMCID: PMC5678050 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Spatiotemporal variations of neurogenesis are thought to account for the evolution of brain shape. In the dorsal telencephalon (pallium) of vertebrates, it remains unresolved which ancestral neurogenesis mode prefigures the highly divergent cytoarchitectures that are seen in extant species. To gain insight into this question, we developed genetic tools to generate here the first 4-dimensional (3D + birthdating time) map of pallium construction in the adult teleost zebrafish. Using a Tet-On-based genetic birthdating strategy, we identify a “sequential stacking” construction mode where neurons derived from the zebrafish pallial germinal zone arrange in outside-in, age-related layers from a central core generated during embryogenesis. We obtained no evidence for overt radial or tangential neuronal migrations. Cre-lox-mediated tracing, which included following Brainbow clones, further demonstrates that this process is sustained by the persistent neurogenic activity of individual pallial neural stem cells (NSCs) from embryo to adult. Together, these data demonstrate that the spatiotemporal control of NSC activity is an important driver of the macroarchitecture of the zebrafish adult pallium. This simple mode of pallium construction shares distinct traits with pallial genesis in mammals and non-mammalian amniotes such as birds or reptiles, suggesting that it may exemplify the basal layout from which vertebrate pallial architectures were elaborated. Neurons of the teleost pallium are arranged in concentric age-dependent layers Neurons of the central pallial domain, Dc, are born during embryogenesis Most pallial neurons are generated from ventricular her4-positive radial glia The majority of individual pallial radial glia are neurogenic throughout life
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Furlan
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Valentina Cuccioli
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nelly Vuillemin
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7645 and INSERM U1182, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Lara Dirian
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anna Janue Muntasell
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, IoPPN, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Marion Coolen
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dray
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Bedu
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Corinne Houart
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology and MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, IoPPN, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Emmanuel Beaurepaire
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, École Polytechnique, CNRS UMR 7645 and INSERM U1182, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Isabelle Foucher
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
| | - Laure Bally-Cuif
- Team Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Paris-Saclay Institute for Neuroscience (Neuro-PSI), UMR 9197, CNRS-Université Paris-Sud, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Unit Zebrafish Neurogenetics, Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Department, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, 75015 Paris, France.
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Atoji Y, Sarkar S, Wild JM. Differential projections of the densocellular and intermediate parts of the hyperpallium in the pigeon (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2017; 526:146-165. [PMID: 28891049 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The visual Wulst in birds shows a four-layered structure: apical part of the hyperpallium (HA), interstitial part of HA (IHA), intercalated part of hyperpallium (HI), and densocellular part of hyperpallium (HD). HD also connects with the hippocampus and olfactory system. Because HD is subjacent to HI, the two have been treated as one structure in many studies, and the fiber connections of HD have been examined by afferents and efferents originating outside HD. However, to clarify the difference between these two layers, they need to be treated separately. In the present study, the fiber connections of HD and HI were analyzed with tract-tracing techniques using a combination of injections of cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) for retrograde tracing and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) for anterograde tracing. When the two tracers were bilaterally injected in HD, a major reciprocal connection was seen with the dorsolateral subdivision (DL) of the hippocampal formation. When CTB and BDA were bilaterally injected in HI, strong reciprocal connections were found between HI and HA. Next, projection neurons in HD and HI were examined by double staining for CTB combined with vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2) mRNA in situ hybridization. After CTB was injected in DL or HA, many neurons revealed CTB+/vGluT2+ in HD or HI, respectively. Furthermore, in situ hybridization showed that DL and HA contained neurons expressing various subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors: AMPA, kainate, and NMDA types. These results suggest that glutamatergic neurons in HD and HI project primarily to DL and HA, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Atoji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Sonjoy Sarkar
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - J Martin Wild
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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20
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Park JH, Ahn JH, Choi SY, Cho JH, Lee TK, Kim IH, Lee JC, Choi JH, Hwang IK, Lee YJ, Lee E, Park S, Lim J, Seo K, Won MH. The location of projection neurons to the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon of the pigeon. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46:528-532. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. H. Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology; Hallym University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - J. H. Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology; Hallym University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - S. Y. Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology; Hallym University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - J. H. Cho
- Department of Neurobiology; School of Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - T.-K. Lee
- Department of Neurobiology; School of Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Neurobiology; School of Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - J.-C. Lee
- Department of Neurobiology; School of Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - J. H. Choi
- Department of Anatomy; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kangwon National University; Chuncheon South Korea
| | - I. K. Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - Y. J. Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Seoul Hospital; College of Medicine; Sooncheonhyang University; Seoul South Korea
| | - E. Lee
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - S. Park
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - J. Lim
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - K. Seo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
| | - M.-H. Won
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science; Seoul National University; Seoul South Korea
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21
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Paterson AK, Bottjer SW. Cortical inter-hemispheric circuits for multimodal vocal learning in songbirds. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:3312-3340. [PMID: 28681379 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Vocal learning in songbirds and humans is strongly influenced by social interactions based on sensory inputs from several modalities. Songbird vocal learning is mediated by cortico-basal ganglia circuits that include the SHELL region of lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium (LMAN), but little is known concerning neural pathways that could integrate multimodal sensory information with SHELL circuitry. In addition, cortical pathways that mediate the precise coordination between hemispheres required for song production have been little studied. In order to identify candidate mechanisms for multimodal sensory integration and bilateral coordination for vocal learning in zebra finches, we investigated the anatomical organization of two regions that receive input from SHELL: the dorsal caudolateral nidopallium (dNCLSHELL ) and a region within the ventral arcopallium (Av). Anterograde and retrograde tracing experiments revealed a topographically organized inter-hemispheric circuit: SHELL and dNCLSHELL , as well as adjacent nidopallial areas, send axonal projections to ipsilateral Av; Av in turn projects to contralateral SHELL, dNCLSHELL , and regions of nidopallium adjacent to each. Av on each side also projects directly to contralateral Av. dNCLSHELL and Av each integrate inputs from ipsilateral SHELL with inputs from sensory regions in surrounding nidopallium, suggesting that they function to integrate multimodal sensory information with song-related responses within LMAN-SHELL during vocal learning. Av projections share this integrated information from the ipsilateral hemisphere with contralateral sensory and song-learning regions. Our results suggest that the inter-hemispheric pathway through Av may function to integrate multimodal sensory feedback with vocal-learning circuitry and coordinate bilateral vocal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Paterson
- Program in Genetic, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Sarah W Bottjer
- Section of Neurobiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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22
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Knudsen EI, Schwarz JS, Knudsen PF, Sridharan D. Space-Specific Deficits in Visual Orientation Discrimination Caused by Lesions in the Midbrain Stimulus Selection Network. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2053-2064.e5. [PMID: 28669762 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Perceptual decisions require both analysis of sensory information and selective routing of relevant information to decision networks. This study explores the contribution of a midbrain network to visual perception in chickens. Analysis of visual orientation information in birds takes place in the forebrain sensory area called the Wulst, as it does in the primary visual cortex (V1) of mammals. In contrast, the midbrain, which receives parallel retinal input, encodes orientation poorly, if at all. We discovered, however, that small electrolytic lesions in the midbrain severely impair a chicken's ability to discriminate orientations. Focal lesions were placed in the optic tectum (OT) and in the nucleus isthmi pars parvocellularis (Ipc)-key nodes in the midbrain stimulus selection network-in chickens trained to perform an orientation discrimination task. A lesion in the OT caused a severe impairment in orientation discrimination specifically for targets at the location in space represented by the lesioned location. Distracting stimuli increased the deficit. A lesion in the Ipc produced similar but more transient effects. We discuss the possibilities that performance deficits were caused by interference with orientation information processing (sensory deficit) versus with the routing of information in the forebrain (agnosia). The data support the proposal that the OT transmits a space-specific signal that is required to gate orientation information from the Wulst into networks that mediate behavioral decisions, analogous to the role of ascending signals from the superior colliculus (SC) in monkeys. Furthermore, our results indicate a critical role for the cholinergic Ipc in this gating process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric I Knudsen
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jason S Schwarz
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Phyllis F Knudsen
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Devarajan Sridharan
- Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India.
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23
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Mayer U, Rosa-Salva O, Morbioli F, Vallortigara G. The motion of a living conspecific activates septal and preoptic areas in naive domestic chicks (Gallus gallus). Eur J Neurosci 2017; 45:423-432. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Mayer
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC); University of Trento; Piazza Manifattura 1 I-38068 Rovereto TN Italy
| | - Orsola Rosa-Salva
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC); University of Trento; Piazza Manifattura 1 I-38068 Rovereto TN Italy
| | - Francesca Morbioli
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC); University of Trento; Piazza Manifattura 1 I-38068 Rovereto TN Italy
| | - Giorgio Vallortigara
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC); University of Trento; Piazza Manifattura 1 I-38068 Rovereto TN Italy
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24
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First exposure to an alive conspecific activates septal and amygdaloid nuclei in visually-naïve domestic chicks (Gallus gallus). Behav Brain Res 2017; 317:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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25
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Atoji Y, Sarkar S, Wild JM. Proposed homology of the dorsomedial subdivision and V-shaped layer of the avian hippocampus to Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus, respectively. Hippocampus 2016; 26:1608-1617. [DOI: 10.1002/hipo.22660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Atoji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - Sonjoy Sarkar
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences; Gifu University; Gifu Japan
| | - J. Martin Wild
- Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences; University of Auckland; Auckland New Zealand
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26
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Bruce LL, Erichsen JT, Reiner A. Neurochemical compartmentalization within the pigeon basal ganglia. J Chem Neuroanat 2016; 78:65-86. [PMID: 27562515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to use multiple informative markers to define and characterize the neurochemically distinct compartments of the pigeon basal ganglia, especially striatum and accumbens. To this end, we used antibodies against 12 different neuropeptides, calcium-binding proteins or neurotransmitter-related enzymes that are enriched in the basal ganglia. Our results clarify boundaries between previously described basal ganglia subdivisions in birds, and reveal considerable novel heterogeneity within these previously described subdivisions. Sixteen regions were identified that each displayed a unique neurochemical organization. Four compartments were identified within the dorsal striatal region. The neurochemical characteristics support previous comparisons to part of the central extended amygdala, somatomotor striatum, and associational striatum of mammals, respectively. The medialmost part of the medial striatum, however, has several unique features, including prominent pallidal-like woolly fibers and thus may be a region unique to birds. Four neurochemically distinct regions were identified within the pigeon ventral striatum: the accumbens, paratubercular striatum, ventrocaudal striatum, and the ventral area of the lateral part of the medial striatum that is located adjacent to these regions. The pigeon accumbens is neurochemically similar to the mammalian rostral accumbens. The pigeon paratubercular and ventrocaudal striatal regions are similar to the mammalian accumbens shell. The ventral portions of the medial and lateral parts of the medial striatum, which are located adjacent to accumbens shell-like areas, have neurochemical characteristics as well as previously reported limbic connections that are comparable to the accumbens core. Comparisons to neurochemically identified compartments in reptiles, mammals, and amphibians indicate that, although most of the basic compartments of the basal ganglia were highly conserved during tetrapod evolution, uniquely avian compartments may exist as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Bruce
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha NE, 68178, USA.
| | | | - Anton Reiner
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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27
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Bischof HJ, Eckmeier D, Keary N, Löwel S, Mayer U, Michael N. Multiple Visual Field Representations in the Visual Wulst of a Laterally Eyed Bird, the Zebra Finch (Taeniopygia guttata). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154927. [PMID: 27139912 PMCID: PMC4854416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The visual wulst is the telencephalic target of the avian thalamofugal visual system. It contains several retinotopically organised representations of the contralateral visual field. We used optical imaging of intrinsic signals, electrophysiological recordings, and retrograde tracing with two fluorescent tracers to evaluate properties of these representations in the zebra finch, a songbird with laterally placed eyes. Our experiments revealed that there is some variability of the neuronal maps between individuals and also concerning the number of detectable maps. It was nonetheless possible to identify three different maps, a posterolateral, a posteromedial, and an anterior one, which were quite constant in their relation to each other. The posterolateral map was in contrast to the two others constantly visible in each successful experiment. The topography of the two other maps was mirrored against that map. Electrophysiological recordings in the anterior and the posterolateral map revealed that all units responded to flashes and to moving bars. Mean directional preferences as well as latencies were different between neurons of the two maps. Tracing experiments confirmed previous reports on the thalamo-wulst connections and showed that the anterior and the posterolateral map receive projections from separate clusters within the thalamic nuclei. Maps are connected to each other by wulst intrinsic projections. Our experiments confirm that the avian visual wulst contains several separate retinotopic maps with both different physiological properties and different thalamo-wulst afferents. This confirms that the functional organization of the visual wulst is very similar to its mammalian equivalent, the visual cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis Eckmeier
- Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme, Center for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nina Keary
- Verhaltensforschung, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Siegrid Löwel
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Mayer
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Neethu Michael
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie, Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Göttingen Graduate School for Neurosciences, Biophysics, and Molecular Biosciences (GGNB), Göttingen, Germany
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28
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Koenen C, Pusch R, Bröker F, Thiele S, Güntürkün O. Categories in the pigeon brain: A reverse engineering approach. J Exp Anal Behav 2015; 105:111-22. [DOI: 10.1002/jeab.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Koenen
- Biopsychology; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
| | - Roland Pusch
- Biopsychology; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
| | - Franziska Bröker
- Biopsychology; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
| | - Samuel Thiele
- Biopsychology; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Biopsychology; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
- International Graduate School of Neuroscience; Ruhr-University Bochum; Germany
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29
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Letzner S, Simon A, Güntürkün O. Connectivity and neurochemistry of the commissura anterior of the pigeon (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2015; 524:343-61. [PMID: 26179777 PMCID: PMC5049482 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The anterior commissure (AC) and the much smaller hippocampal commissure constitute the only interhemispheric pathways at the telencephalic level in birds. Since the degeneration study from Zeier and Karten (), no detailed description of the topographic organization of the AC has been performed. This information is not only necessary for a better understanding of interhemispheric transfer in birds, but also for a comparative analysis of the evolution of commissural systems in the vertebrate classes. We therefore examined the fiber connections of the AC by using choleratoxin subunit B (CTB) and biotinylated dextran amine (BDA). Injections into subareas of the arcopallium and posterior amygdala (PoA) demonstrated contralateral projection fields within the anterior arcopallium (AA), intermediate arcopallium (AI), PoA, lateral, caudolateral and central nidopallium, dorsal and ventral mesopallium, and medial striatum (MSt). Interestingly, only arcopallial and amygdaloid projections were reciprocally organized, and all AC projections originated within a rather small area of the arcopallium and the PoA. The commissural neurons were not GABA-positive, and thus possibly not of an inhibitory nature. In sum, our neuroanatomical study demonstrates that a small group of arcopallial and amygdaloid neurons constitute a wide range of contralateral projections to sensorimotor and limbic structures. Different from mammals, in birds the neurons that project via the AC constitute mostly heterotopically organized and unidirectional connections. In addition, the great majority of pallial areas do not participate by themselves in interhemispheric exchange in birds. Instead, commissural exchange rests on a rather small arcopallial and amygdaloid cluster of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Letzner
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annika Simon
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Onur Güntürkün
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Key B. Fish do not feel pain and its implications for understanding phenomenal consciousness. BIOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY 2014; 30:149-165. [PMID: 25798021 PMCID: PMC4356734 DOI: 10.1007/s10539-014-9469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phenomenal consciousness or the subjective experience of feeling sensory stimuli is fundamental to human existence. Because of the ubiquity of their subjective experiences, humans seem to readily accept the anthropomorphic extension of these mental states to other animals. Humans will typically extrapolate feelings of pain to animals if they respond physiologically and behaviourally to noxious stimuli. The alternative view that fish instead respond to noxious stimuli reflexly and with a limited behavioural repertoire is defended within the context of our current understanding of the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of mental states. Consequently, a set of fundamental properties of neural tissue necessary for feeling pain or experiencing affective states in vertebrates is proposed. While mammals and birds possess the prerequisite neural architecture for phenomenal consciousness, it is concluded that fish lack these essential characteristics and hence do not feel pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Key
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4072 Australia
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31
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Atoji Y, Wild JM. Efferent and afferent connections of the olfactory bulb and prepiriform cortex in the pigeon (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2014; 522:1728-52. [PMID: 24222632 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Although olfaction in birds is known to be involved in a variety of behaviors, there is comparatively little detailed information on the olfactory brain. In the pigeon brain, the olfactory bulb (OB) is known to project to the prepiriform cortex (CPP), piriform cortex (CPi), and dorsolateral corticoid area (CDL), which together are called the olfactory pallium, but centrifugal pathways to the OB have not been fully explored. Fiber connections of CPi and CDL have been reported, but those of other olfactory pallial nuclei remain unknown. The present study examines the fiber connections of OB and CPP in pigeons to provide a more detailed picture of their connections using tract-tracing methods. When anterograde and retrograde tracers were injected in OB, projections to a more extensive olfactory pallium were revealed, including the anterior olfactory nucleus, CPP, densocellular part of the hyperpallium, tenia tecta, hippocampal continuation, CPi, and CDL. OB projected commissural fibers to the contralateral OB but did not receive afferents from the contralateral olfactory pallium. When tracers were injected in CPP, reciprocal ipsilateral connections with OB and nuclei of the olfactory pallium were observed, and CPP projected to the caudolateral nidopallium and the limbic system, including the hippocampal formation, septum, lateral hypothalamic nucleus, and lateral mammillary nucleus. These results show that the connections of OB have a wider distribution throughout the olfactory pallium than previously thought and that CPP provides a centrifugal projection to the OB and acts as a relay station to the limbic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Atoji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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32
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Jarvis ED, Yu J, Rivas MV, Horita H, Feenders G, Whitney O, Jarvis SC, Jarvis ER, Kubikova L, Puck AEP, Siang-Bakshi C, Martin S, McElroy M, Hara E, Howard J, Pfenning A, Mouritsen H, Chen CC, Wada K. Global view of the functional molecular organization of the avian cerebrum: mirror images and functional columns. J Comp Neurol 2014; 521:3614-65. [PMID: 23818122 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Based on quantitative cluster analyses of 52 constitutively expressed or behaviorally regulated genes in 23 brain regions, we present a global view of telencephalic organization of birds. The patterns of constitutively expressed genes revealed a partial mirror image organization of three major cell populations that wrap above, around, and below the ventricle and adjacent lamina through the mesopallium. The patterns of behaviorally regulated genes revealed functional columns of activation across boundaries of these cell populations, reminiscent of columns through layers of the mammalian cortex. The avian functionally regulated columns were of two types: those above the ventricle and associated mesopallial lamina, formed by our revised dorsal mesopallium, hyperpallium, and intercalated hyperpallium; and those below the ventricle, formed by our revised ventral mesopallium, nidopallium, and intercalated nidopallium. Based on these findings and known connectivity, we propose that the avian pallium has four major cell populations similar to those in mammalian cortex and some parts of the amygdala: 1) a primary sensory input population (intercalated pallium); 2) a secondary intrapallial population (nidopallium/hyperpallium); 3) a tertiary intrapallial population (mesopallium); and 4) a quaternary output population (the arcopallium). Each population contributes portions to columns that control different sensory or motor systems. We suggest that this organization of cell groups forms by expansion of contiguous developmental cell domains that wrap around the lateral ventricle and its extension through the middle of the mesopallium. We believe that the position of the lateral ventricle and its associated mesopallium lamina has resulted in a conceptual barrier to recognizing related cell groups across its border, thereby confounding our understanding of homologies with mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich D Jarvis
- Department of Neurobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710
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33
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Suzuki IK, Hirata T. A common developmental plan for neocortical gene-expressing neurons in the pallium of the domestic chicken Gallus gallus domesticus and the Chinese softshell turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. Front Neuroanat 2014; 8:20. [PMID: 24778607 PMCID: PMC3985024 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2014.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-layered neocortex is a unique characteristic of mammals and likely provides the neural basis of their sophisticated cognitive abilities. Although all mammalian species share the layered structure of the neocortex, the sauropsids exhibit an entirely different cytoarchitecture of the corresponding pallial region. Our previous gene expression study revealed that the chicken pallium possesses neural subtypes that express orthologs of layer-specific genes of the mammalian neocortex. To understand the evolutionary steps leading toward animal group-specific neuronal arrangements in the pallium in the course of amniote diversification, we examined expression patterns of the same orthologs and a few additional genes in the pallial development of the Chinese softshell turtle Pelodiscus sinensis, and compared these patterns to those of the chicken. Our analyses highlighted similarities in neuronal arrangements between the two species; the mammalian layer 5 marker orthologs are expressed in the medial domain and the layer 2/3 marker orthologs are expressed in the lateral domain in the pallia of both species. We hypothesize that the mediolateral arrangement of the neocortical layer-specific gene-expressing neurons originated in their common ancestor and is conserved among all sauropsid groups, whereas the neuronal arrangement within the pallium could have highly diversified independently in the mammalian lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo K Suzuki
- Division of Brain Function, National Institute of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai) Mishima, Japan ; Institute of Interdisciplinary Research in Human and Molecular Biology, Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatsumi Hirata
- Division of Brain Function, National Institute of Genetics, Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai) Mishima, Japan
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34
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Manns M, Ströckens F. Functional and structural comparison of visual lateralization in birds - similar but still different. Front Psychol 2014; 5:206. [PMID: 24723898 PMCID: PMC3971188 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertebrate brains display physiological and anatomical left-right differences, which are related to hemispheric dominances for specific functions. Functional lateralizations likely rely on structural left-right differences in intra- and interhemispheric connectivity patterns that develop in tight gene-environment interactions. The visual systems of chickens and pigeons show that asymmetrical light stimulation during ontogeny induces a dominance of the left hemisphere for visuomotor control that is paralleled by projection asymmetries within the ascending visual pathways. But structural asymmetries vary essentially between both species concerning the affected pathway (thalamo- vs. tectofugal system), constancy of effects (transient vs. permanent), and the hemisphere receiving stronger bilateral input (right vs. left). These discrepancies suggest that at least two aspects of visual processes are influenced by asymmetric light stimulation: (1) visuomotor dominance develops within the ontogenetically stronger stimulated hemisphere but not necessarily in the one receiving stronger bottom-up input. As a secondary consequence of asymmetrical light experience, lateralized top-down mechanisms play a critical role in the emergence of hemispheric dominance. (2) Ontogenetic light experiences may affect the dominant use of left- and right-hemispheric strategies. Evidences from social and spatial cognition tasks indicate that chickens rely more on a right-hemispheric global strategy whereas pigeons display a dominance of the left hemisphere. Thus, behavioral asymmetries are linked to a stronger bilateral input to the right hemisphere in chickens but to the left one in pigeons. The degree of bilateral visual input may determine the dominant visual processing strategy when redundant encoding is possible. This analysis supports that environmental stimulation affects the balance between hemispheric-specific processing by lateralized interactions of bottom-up and top-down systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Manns
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany
| | - Felix Ströckens
- Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany
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35
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Shanahan M, Bingman VP, Shimizu T, Wild M, Güntürkün O. Large-scale network organization in the avian forebrain: a connectivity matrix and theoretical analysis. Front Comput Neurosci 2013; 7:89. [PMID: 23847525 PMCID: PMC3701877 DOI: 10.3389/fncom.2013.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Many species of birds, including pigeons, possess demonstrable cognitive capacities, and some are capable of cognitive feats matching those of apes. Since mammalian cortex is laminar while the avian telencephalon is nucleated, it is natural to ask whether the brains of these two cognitively capable taxa, despite their apparent anatomical dissimilarities, might exhibit common principles of organization on some level. Complementing recent investigations of macro-scale brain connectivity in mammals, including humans and macaques, we here present the first large-scale "wiring diagram" for the forebrain of a bird. Using graph theory, we show that the pigeon telencephalon is organized along similar lines to that of a mammal. Both are modular, small-world networks with a connective core of hub nodes that includes prefrontal-like and hippocampal structures. These hub nodes are, topologically speaking, the most central regions of the pigeon's brain, as well as being the most richly connected, implying a crucial role in information flow. Overall, our analysis suggests that indeed, despite the absence of cortical layers and close to 300 million years of separate evolution, the connectivity of the avian brain conforms to the same organizational principles as the mammalian brain.
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36
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Neuronal Morphology and Spine Density of the Visual Wulst of the Strawberry Finch, Estrilda amandava. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40011-013-0188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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37
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Srivastava UC, Gaur P. Naturally occurring neuronal plasticity in visual wulst of the Baya weaver, Ploceus philippinus (Linnaeus, 1766). Cell Tissue Res 2013; 352:445-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1579-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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38
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Suzuki IK, Hirata T. Neocortical neurogenesis is not really “neo”: A new evolutionary model derived from a comparative study of chick pallial development. Dev Growth Differ 2012; 55:173-87. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo K. Suzuki
- Division of Brain Function; National Institute of Genetics; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai); Yata 1111; Mishima; 411-8540; Japan
| | - Tatsumi Hirata
- Division of Brain Function; National Institute of Genetics; Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai); Yata 1111; Mishima; 411-8540; Japan
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39
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Dugas-Ford J, Rowell JJ, Ragsdale CW. Cell-type homologies and the origins of the neocortex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:16974-9. [PMID: 23027930 PMCID: PMC3479531 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1204773109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The six-layered neocortex is a uniquely mammalian structure with evolutionary origins that remain in dispute. One long-standing hypothesis, based on similarities in neuronal connectivity, proposes that homologs of the layer 4 input and layer 5 output neurons of neocortex are present in the avian forebrain, where they contribute to specific nuclei rather than to layers. We devised a molecular test of this hypothesis based on layer-specific gene expression that is shared across rodent and carnivore neocortex. Our findings establish that the layer 4 input and the layer 5 output cell types are conserved across the amniotes, but are organized into very different architectures, forming nuclei in birds, cortical areas in reptiles, and cortical layers in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dugas-Ford
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Joanna J. Rowell
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Clifton W. Ragsdale
- Department of Neurobiology and Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
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40
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Islam MR, Abdullah JM, Atoji Y. Distribution of prosaposin mRNA in the central nervous system of the pigeon (Columba livia). Anat Histol Embryol 2012; 42:257-65. [PMID: 22994540 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bioassay and immunohistochemical studies have detected the presence of prosaposin in the central nervous system (CNS) of mammals. Here, first time, we have determined the partial cDNA sequence of pigeon prosaposin and mapped the distribution of its mRNA in the pigeon CNS. The predicted amino acid sequence of pigeon prosaposin showed 93 and 60% identity to chicken and human prosaposin, respectively. In situ hybridization, autoradiograms showed that the prosaposin mRNA expression was found in the olfactory bulb, prepiriform cortex, Wulst, mesopallium, nidopallium, hippocampal formation, thalamus, tuberis nucleus, pre-tectal nucleus, nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis, pars dorsalis, nucleus isthmi, pars parvocellularis and magnocellularis, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, optic tectum, cerebellar cortex and nuclei, vestibular nuclei and gray matter of the spinal cord. These results suggest that the cDNA sequence of pigeon prosaposin is comparable to other vertebrates, and the general distribution pattern of prosaposin mRNA resembles those are found in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Islam
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
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41
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Atoji Y, Wild JM. Afferent and efferent projections of the mesopallium in the pigeon (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2012; 520:717-41. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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42
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Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor binding sites in the brain of the pigeon (Columba livia). Neuroscience 2012; 200:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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43
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Nishizawa K, Izawa EI, Watanabe S. Neural-activity mapping of memory-based dominance in the crow: neural networks integrating individual discrimination and social behaviour control. Neuroscience 2011; 197:307-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 08/28/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
Karten's neocortex hypothesis holds that many component cell populations of the sauropsid dorsal ventricular ridge (DVR) are homologous to particular cell populations in layers of auditory and visual tectofugal-recipient neocortex of mammals (i.e., temporal neocortex), as well as to some amygdaloid populations. The claustroamygdalar hypothesis, based on gene expression domains, proposes that mammalian homologues of DVR are found in the claustrum, endopiriform nuclei, and/or pallial amygdala. Because hypotheses of homology need to account for the totality of the evidence, the available data on multiple forebrain features of sauropsids and mammals are reviewed here. While some genetic data are compatible with the claustroamygdalar hypothesis, and developmental (epigenetic) data are indecisive, hodological, morphological, and topographical data favor the neocortex hypothesis and are inconsistent with the claustroamygdalar hypothesis. Detailed studies of gene signaling cascades that establish neuronal cell-type identity in DVR, tectofugal-recipient neocortex, and claustroamygdala will be needed to resolve this debate about the evolution of neocortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann B Butler
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
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45
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Husband SA, Shimizu T. Calcium-binding protein distributions and fiber connections of the nucleus accumbens in the pigeon (columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2011; 519:1371-94. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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46
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Dominant vertical orientation processing without clustered maps: early visual brain dynamics imaged with voltage-sensitive dye in the pigeon visual Wulst. J Neurosci 2010; 30:6713-25. [PMID: 20463233 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4078-09.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The pigeon is a widely established behavioral model of visual cognition, but the processes along its most basic visual pathways remain mostly unexplored. Here, we report the neuronal population dynamics of the visual Wulst, an assumed homolog of the mammalian striate cortex, captured for the first time with voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Responses to drifting gratings were characterized by focal emergence of activity that spread extensively across the entire Wulst, followed by rapid adaptation that was most effective in the surround. Using additional electrophysiological recordings, we found cells that prefer a variety of orientations. However, analysis of the imaged spatiotemporal activation patterns revealed no clustered orientation map-like arrangements as typically found in the primary visual cortices of many mammalian species. Instead, the vertical orientation was overrepresented, both in terms of the imaged population signal, as well as the number of neurons preferring the vertical orientation. Such enhanced selectivity for the vertical orientation may result from horizontal motion vectors that trigger adaptation to the extensive flow field input during natural behavior. Our findings suggest that, although the avian visual Wulst is homologous to the primary visual cortex in terms of its gross anatomical connectivity and topology, its detailed operation and internal organization is still shaped according to specific input characteristics.
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47
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Abstract
Imprinting behavior in birds is elicited by visual and/or auditory cues. It has been demonstrated previously that visual cues are recognized and processed in the visual Wulst (VW), and imprinting memory is stored in the intermediate medial mesopallium (IMM) of the telencephalon. Alteration of neural responses in these two regions according to imprinting has been reported, yet direct evidence of the neural circuit linking these two regions is lacking. Thus, it remains unclear how memory is formed and expressed in this circuit. Here, we present anatomical as well as physiological evidence of the neural circuit connecting the VW and IMM and show that imprinting training during the critical period strengthens and refines this circuit. A functional connection established by imprint training resulted in an imprinting behavior. After the closure of the critical period, training could not activate this circuit nor induce the imprinting behavior. Glutamatergic neurons in the ventroposterior region of the VW, the core region of the hyperpallium densocellulare (HDCo), sent their axons to the periventricular part of the HD, just dorsal and afferent to the IMM. We found that the HDCo is important in imprinting behavior. The refinement and/or enhancement of this neural circuit are attributed to increased activity of HDCo cells, and the activity depended on NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. These findings show a neural connection in the telencephalon in Aves and demonstrate that NR2B function is indispensable for the plasticity of HDCo cells, which are key mediators of imprinting.
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48
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García-Calero E, Puelles L. Enc1expression in the chick telencephalon at intermediate and late stages of development. J Comp Neurol 2009; 517:564-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Atoji Y, Ishiguro N. Distribution of the cellular prion protein in the central nervous system of the chicken. J Chem Neuroanat 2009; 38:292-301. [PMID: 19751818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuro Atoji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Yanagido, Gifu, Japan.
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50
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Atoji Y, Wild JM. Afferent and efferent projections of the central caudal nidopallium in the pigeon (Columba livia). J Comp Neurol 2009; 517:350-70. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.22146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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