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Zhu X, Wu M, Wang H, Li H, Lin J, Peng Y, Hu Y, Li C, Ding Y. Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the novel pan-phosphodiesterase inhibitor ZSP1601 in healthy subjects: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled first-in-human single-dose and multiple-dose escalation and food effect study. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:579-589. [PMID: 33682556 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1900822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: The pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and tolerability profiles of ZSP1601, a first-in-class pan-phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, were evaluated in healthy Chinese volunteers.Research design and methods: This Phase 1a study consisted of a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled single ascending dose (SAD) (25 to 350 mg), multiple ascending doses (MAD) (50 or 100 mg QD), and a two-period crossover food effect study (100 mg).Results: ZSP1601 was quickly absorbed, with maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) reached at 1.25 to 2.50 h (median Tmax). The exposures exhibited dose-proportional increases, while the mean half-life (t1/2) ranged from 6.34-8.64 h. Steady-state was reached within seven days in the MAD study. The mean steady trough concentrations were 423 and 588 ng/mL, respectively. ZSP1601 accumulation was low, with ratios ≤ 1.5. The bioavailability of ZSP1601 was equivalent under fasted and fed states. All adverse events (AEs) were assessed as mild or moderate, with headaches as the most common. The highest single doses (275 and 350 mg) yielded more AEs, yet the rates were similar with the placebo cohorts in the MAD study.Conclusions: The safety and PK profiles of ZSP1601 support further efficacy evaluation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis patients.Trial registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (CT.gov identifier: NCT03392779).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Zhu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Wu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Jilin Medical Products Administration, Changchun, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Medical Affairs, Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junjie Lin
- Medical Affairs, Guangdong Raynovent Biotech Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Peng
- Medical Affairs, Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Dongguan, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Cuiyun Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhua Ding
- Phase I Clinical Trial Unit, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Li Y, Ming JE, Kong F, Yin H, Zhang L, Bai H, Liu H, Qi L, Wang Y, Xie F, Yang N, Ping C, Li Y, Chen L, Han C, Liu J, Wang X. Bioequivalence Study Comparing Fixed-Dose Combination of Clopidogrel and Aspirin with Coadministration of Individual Formulations in Chinese Subjects Under Fed Conditions: A Phase I, Open-Label, Randomized, Crossover Study. Adv Ther 2020; 37:4660-4674. [PMID: 32970315 PMCID: PMC7547973 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01486-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Simultaneous administration of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Clopidogrel + ASA in a fixed-dose combination (FDC) provides a pharmaceutical option to enhance adherence to the coadministration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Herein, we evaluate the bioequivalence of enteric ASA and clopidogrel in an FDC compared with simultaneous administration of the individual formulations. Methods This study is a randomized, single-center, open-label, three-sequence, three-period, two-treatment, crossover study conducted in healthy Chinese male and female subjects under fed conditions. Subjects were randomized to receive, in each period, a single dose of (1) a combination tablet containing 75-mg clopidogrel and 100-mg enteric ASA (test formulation) or (2) coadministration of one 75-mg clopidogrel tablet and one 100-mg enteric-coated ASA tablet (reference formulations) under fed conditions. Plasma samples were analyzed for ASA, salicylic acid, clopidogrel, and the clopidogrel metabolite SR26334. For ASA, the reference-scaled average bioequivalence (RSABE) analysis was conducted for Cmax of ASA because within-subject standard deviation (SDW) was ≥ 0.294 for log-transformed Cmax. Results The point estimate (test/reference geometric mean ratio) was between 0.80 and 1.25, and the upper one-sided 95% confidence interval (CI) for the scaled average bioequivalence metric was ≤ 0 (-0.08). AUC of ASA as SDW was < 0.294 for log-transformed AUClast and AUC. Estimates of 90% CIs for log-transformed AUClast and AUC ratios were within the bioequivalence range of 0.80 to 1.25 (0.98–1.08 and 1.00–1.10, respectively). For clopidogrel, the 90% CIs for the ratios comparing log-transformed Cmax, AUClast, and AUC ratios of clopidogrel following administration of test versus reference formulation were calculated using the ABE method and were well within the acceptable range of 0.80 to 1.25 (1.02–1.12, 0.92–0.99, and 0.92–0.98, respectively). Conclusion FDC of ASA and clopidogrel was bioequivalent to the simultaneous administration of the individual formulations in healthy Chinese subjects under fed conditions. Trial registration CTR20190376. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12325-020-01486-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Haihong Bai
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | | | - Fang Xie
- Medical, Sanofi, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Yang
- Research and Development, Sanofi, Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ping
- Research and Development, Sanofi, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- Research and Development, Sanofi, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Chen
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Chunyu Han
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China
| | - Xinghe Wang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.
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Pei T, Yang J, Hu C, Chen X, Gong S, Hu X, Li L, Zhang L. Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of Clopidogrel Hydrogen Sulfate Tablets in Fed and Fasted Conditions: An Open-Label, Randomized, Semireplicated Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2020; 9:813-820. [PMID: 32452659 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet drug with high intraindividual variability in systemic exposure and efficacy. It has been used for treating atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome and in preventing stent restenosis and thrombotic complications after stent implantation in clinical practice for nearly 20 years. In this study we aimed to evaluate the bioequivalence of 2 clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate formulations (75-mg tablets) under fed (n = 66) and fasted (n = 66) conditions by using the reference-scaled average bioequivalence method. An open-label, randomized, 3-sequence and 3-period crossover (3×3), semireplicated study was designed and conducted. Clopidogrel concentration of plasma samples was measured by high-precision liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The pharmacokinetic parameters were derived by a noncompartmental model. In the fed condition the geometric least-squares mean ratios of peak concentration (Cmax ) and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0-t ) were, respectively, 103.38% and 98.97%, and the corresponding 90%CIs were 95.68% to 111.70% and 94.67% to 103.47%. In the fasted condition the geometric least squares mean ratios of Cmax and AUC0-t were, respectively, 106.53% and 105.77%, and the corresponding 90%CIs were 97.62% to 116.25% and 96.96% to 115.38%. According to the criteria for bioequivalence (80.00% to 125.00%), the test formulations of clopidogrel and Plavix were determined to be bioequivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Pei
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoying Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shili Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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