1
|
Wang K, Jia ZZ, Fan Z, Zhao HY, Yin GJ, Moro R, von Issendorff B, Ma L. Structures and electronic properties of VSi n- ( n = 14-20) clusters: a combined experimental and density functional theory study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8839-8845. [PMID: 35355038 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00619g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a systematic study of the structures and electronic properties of vanadium-doped silicon cluster anions, VSin- (n = 14-20), by combining photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) based theoretical calculations. High resolution PES of low temperature (10 K) clusters are acquired at a photon wavelength of 248 nm. Low-lying structures of VSi14-20- are obtained by a genetic algorithm based global minimum search code combined with DFT calculations. Excellent agreement is found between the measured PES and the simulated electron density of states of the putative ground-state structures. We conclude that clusters with sizes n = 14 and n = 15 prefer cage-like structures, with the encapsulated vanadium atom bonding with all silicon atoms, while a fullerene-like motif is more favorable for n ≥ 16. For the sizes n = 16 to 19, the structures consist of a V@Si14 with two, three, four, and five Si atoms on the surface of the cage. For n = 20 the structure consists of a V@Si15 with five Si atoms on the surface of the cage. VSi14- has the highest stability and stands out as a simultaneous closing of electronic and geometrical shells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ze-Zhao Jia
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zheng Fan
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Hong-Yuan Zhao
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Guang-Jia Yin
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Ramiro Moro
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Freiburg, H. Herderstr. 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lei Ma
- Tianjin International Center for Nanoparticles and Nanosystems, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Joshi K, Maibam A, Krishnamurty S. Finite temperature behavior of carbon atom-doped silicon clusters: depressed thermal stabilities, coexisting isomers, reversible dynamical pathways and fragmentation channels. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04515b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BOMD simulations revealed a multifarious thermo-stimuli response (from “solid-state” to reversible dynamics to fragmentation) of experimentally identified SiC mixed clusters at finite temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krati Joshi
- Functional Materials Division
- CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute
- Karaikudi-630 006
- India
| | - Ashakiran Maibam
- Physical and Materials Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411 008
- India
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- Physical and Materials Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune 411 008
- India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abdulhussein HA, Ferrari P, Vanbuel J, Heard C, Fielicke A, Lievens P, Janssens E, Johnston RL. Altering CO binding on gold cluster cations by Pd-doping. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:16130-16141. [PMID: 31432842 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04237g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of dopant atoms into metal nanoparticles is an effective way to control the interaction with adsorbate molecules and is important in many catalytic processes. In this work, experimental and theoretical evidence of the influence of Pd doping on the bonding between small cationic AuN+ clusters and CO is presented. The CO adsorption is studied by combining low-pressure collision cell reactivity and infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy experiments with density functional theory calculations. Measured dissociation rates of cluster-CO complexes (N ≤ 21) allow the estimation of cluster-CO binding energies, showing that Pd doping increases the CO adsorption energy to an extent that is size-dependent. These trends are reproduced by theoretical calculations up to N = 13. In agreement with theory, measurements of the C-O vibrational frequency suggest that for the doped PdAuN-1+ (N = 3-5, 11) clusters, CO adsorbs on an Au atom, while for N = 6-10 and N = 12-14, CO interacts directly with the Pd dopant. A pronounced red-shifting of the C-O vibrational frequency is observed when CO interacts directly with the Pd dopant, indicating a significant back-donation of electron charge from Pd to CO. In contrast, the blue-shifted frequencies, observed when CO interacts with an Au atom, indicate that σ-donation dominates the Au-CO interaction. Studying such systems at the sub-nanometre scale enables a fundamental comprehension of the interactions between adsorbates, dopants and the host (Au) species at the atomic level.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yang B, Xu XL, Xu HG, Farooq U, Zheng WJ. Structural evolution and electronic properties of CoSin− (n = 3–12) clusters: mass-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6207-6215. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07734g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental measurements and theoretical calculations show that CoSi10− has the highest vertical detachment energy among all the CoSin− (n = 3–12) clusters, implying CoSi10− has special stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Umar Farooq
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang B, Xu H, Xu X, Zheng W. Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Theoretical Study of CrnSi15–n– (n = 1–3): Effects of Doping Cr Atoms on the Structural and Magnetic Properties. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9886-9893. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b10588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weijun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Effects of Charge Transfer on the Adsorption of CO on Small Molybdenum-Doped Platinum Clusters. Chemistry 2017; 23:4120-4127. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
7
|
Li X, Claes P, Haertelt M, Lievens P, Janssens E, Fielicke A. Structural determination of niobium-doped silicon clusters by far-infrared spectroscopy and theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:6291-300. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07298k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structures of niobium doped silicon cluster cations are determined by a combination of infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- The Key Laboratory for Surface Engineering and Remanufacturing in Shaanxi Province
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Xi'an University
- Xi'an 710065
- P. R. China
| | - Pieterjan Claes
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Marko Haertelt
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Peter Lievens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism
- KU Leuven
- B-3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- D-14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik
- Technische Universität Berlin
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ferrari P, Janssens E, Lievens P, Hansen K. Thermal radiation and fragmentation pathways of photo-excited silicon clusters. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:224313. [PMID: 26671381 DOI: 10.1063/1.4936917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragmentation of laser heated silicon clusters was studied by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. For Si(n)(+) (n = 5-19, 21), the lowest energy fragmentation pathways were identified as the metastable decay channel occurring after the primary acceleration of the ions. The radiative cooling of laser excited Si(n)(+) (n = 5-9, 11, and 13) was quantified via its quenching effect on the amount of metastable fragmentation. The quenching varied strongly with cluster size, from no observable amount for Si7(+) to a cooling constant of 3 ⋅ 10(5) s(-1) for Si13(+). In addition, based on the observed fragmentation channels, the ionization energies and the relative binding energies of the clusters were partially ordered, and several ionization energies have been bracketed more precisely.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Ferrari
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Lievens
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Klavs Hansen
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hang TD, Hung HM, Thiem LN, Nguyen HMT. Electronic structure and thermochemical properties of neutral and anionic rhodium clusters Rhn, n=2–13. Evolution of structures and stabilities of binary clusters RhmM (M=Fe, Co, Ni; m=1–6). COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Abreu MB, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Making sense of the conflicting magic numbers in WSinclusters. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:074310. [PMID: 26298137 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Baddick Abreu
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 701 West Grace Street, Richmond, Virginia 23220, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Small copper-doped silicon clusters CuSin (n = 4–10) and their anions: structures, thermochemistry, and electron affinities. J Mol Model 2015; 21:155. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2702-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
12
|
Chauhan V, Abreu MB, Reber AC, Khanna SN. Geometry controls the stability of FeSi14. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:15718-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp01386k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FeSi14 is stable due to its compact and symmetric cage structure highlighting the importance of geometric effects in FeSin clusters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Chauhan
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | | | - Arthur C. Reber
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| | - Shiv N. Khanna
- Department of Physics
- Virginia Commonwealth University
- Richmond
- USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Understanding the bonding between silicon and transition metals is valuable for devising strategies for incorporating magnetic species into silicon. CrSi12 is the standard example of a cluster whose apparent high stability has been explained by the 18-electron rule. We critically examine the bonding and nature of stability of CrSi12 and show that its electronic structure does not conform to the 18-electron rule. Through theoretical studies, we find that CrSi12 has 16 effective valence electrons assigned to the Cr atom and an unoccupied 3dz(2) orbital. We demonstrate that the cluster's apparent stability is rooted in a crystal field-like splitting of the 3d orbitals analogous to that of square planar complexes. CrSi14 is shown to follow the 18-electron rule and exhibits all conventional markers characteristic of a magic cluster.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Baddick Abreu
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
| | - Arthur C Reber
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
| | - Shiv N Khanna
- Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1020 West Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23284-2000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tam NM, Pham HT, Nguyen MT. Ring currents in silicon tetramer (Si4, Si42+) and planar tetracoordinate carbon doped cluster Si4C2+: σ versus π aromaticity. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
15
|
Li Y, Tam NM, Claes P, Woodham AP, Lyon JT, Ngan VT, Nguyen MT, Lievens P, Fielicke A, Janssens E. Structure Assignment, Electronic Properties, and Magnetism Quenching of Endohedrally Doped Neutral Silicon Clusters, SinCo (n = 10–12). J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:8198-203. [DOI: 10.1021/jp500928t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alex P. Woodham
- Institut
für
Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonathan T. Lyon
- Department
of Natural Sciences, Clayton State University, Morrow, Georgia 30260, United States
| | | | | | | | - André Fielicke
- Institut
für
Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Planar tetracoordinate carbon stabilized by heavier congener cages: The Si9C and Ge9C clusters. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
17
|
Xu HG, Kong XY, Deng XJ, Zhang ZG, Zheng WJ. Smallest fullerene-like silicon cage stabilized by a V2 unit. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:024308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4861053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
18
|
Li Y, Lyon JT, Woodham AP, Fielicke A, Janssens E. The Geometric Structure of Silver-Doped Silicon Clusters. Chemphyschem 2014; 15:328-36. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201300944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
19
|
Tam NM, Tai TB, Ngan VT, Nguyen MT. Structure, Thermochemical Properties, and Growth Sequence of Aluminum-Doped Silicon Clusters SinAlm (n = 1–11, m = 1–2) and Their Anions. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:6867-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp405280c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Minh Tam
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology at Ho Chi Minh City (ICST), Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Truong Ba Tai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vu Thi Ngan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kong XY, Deng XJ, Xu HG, Yang Z, Xu XL, Zheng WJ. Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations of AgSin− (n = 3–12) clusters. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:244312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4811659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
21
|
Gunaratne KDD, Berkdemir C, Harmon CL, Castleman AW. Probing the valence orbitals of transition metal-silicon diatomic anions: ZrSi, NbSi, MoSi, PdSi and WSi. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6068-79. [PMID: 23493900 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp44473b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Evolution of electronic properties and the nature of bonding of the 4d-transition metal silicides (ZrSi, NbSi, MoSi and PdSi) are discussed, revealing interesting trends in the transition metal-silicon interactions across the period. The electronic properties of select transition metal silicide diatomics have been determined by anion photoelectron imaging spectroscopy and theoretical methods. The electron binding energy spectra and photoelectron angular distributions obtained by 2.33 eV (532 nm) photons have revealed the distinct features of these diatomics. The theoretical calculations were performed at the density functional theory (DFT) level using the unrestricted B3LYP hybrid functional and at the ab initio unrestricted coupled cluster singles and doubles (triplets) (UCCSD(T)) methods to assign the ground electronic states of the neutral and anionic diatomics. The excited electronic states were calculated by the DFT (TD-DFT)/UB3LYP method. We have observed that the valence molecular orbital configuration of the ZrSi and NbSi anions are significantly different from that of the MoSi and PdSi anions. By combining our experimental and theoretical results, we report that the composition of the highest occupied molecular orbitals shift from a majority of transition metal s- and d-orbital contribution in ZrSi and NbSi, to mainly silicon p-orbital contribution for MoSi and PdSi. We expect these observed atomic scale transition metal-silicon interactions to be of increasing importance with the miniaturization of devices approaching the sub-nanometer size regime.
Collapse
|
22
|
Ngan VT, Pierloot K, Nguyen MT. Mn@Si14+: a singlet fullerene-like endohedrally doped silicon cluster. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:5493-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp43390k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
23
|
Ngan VT, Janssens E, Claes P, Lyon JT, Fielicke A, Nguyen MT, Lievens P. High Magnetic Moments in Manganese-Doped Silicon Clusters. Chemistry 2012; 18:15788-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
24
|
Kong X, Xu HG, Zheng W. Structures and magnetic properties of CrSin− (n = 3–12) clusters: Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:064307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4742065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
25
|
LI GUOLIANG, MA WENLIANG, GAO AIMEI, CHEN HONGYU, FINLOW DAVID, LI QIANSHU. DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDIES OF CHARGED, COPPER-DOPED, SMALL SILICON CLUSTERS, ${\rm CuSi}_{n}^{+}/{\rm CuSi}_{n}^{-}$ (n = 1–7). JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633612500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The structures and stabilities of charged, copper-doped, small silicon clusters [Formula: see text] (n = 1–7) have been systematically investigated using the density functional theory method at the B3LYP/6-311+G* level. For comparison, the geometries of neutral CuSi n clusters were also optimized at the same level, although most of them have been reported previously [see Xiao CY, Abraham A, Quinn R, Hagelberg F, Comparative study on the interaction of scandium and copper atoms with small silicon clusters, J Phys Chem A106:11380, 2002; Liu X, Zhao GF, Guo LJ, Wang XW, Zhang J, Jing Q, Luo YH, First-principle studies of the geometries and electronic properties of Cu m Si n (2 ≤ m + n ≤ 7) clusters, Chin Phys16:3359, 2007]. Our results for the ground state structures of neutral CuSi n clusters agree well with those of Liu et al. and Xiao et al. except for CuSi3 and CuSi7 . Removing or adding an electron greatly changes some ground state structures, i.e. for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]; others are almost unchanged, e.g. [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. The ground states of ionic [Formula: see text] are all singlet, except for the smaller CuSi- and [Formula: see text]. Based on the optimized geometries, various energetic properties, including binding energies, second-order difference energies, the highest occupied molecular orbit and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) energy gaps, ionization potential and electron affinities, were calculated for the most stable isomers of [Formula: see text]. All the results indicate that anionic [Formula: see text] and cationic [Formula: see text] clusters are relatively stable. The higher stability of the latter has been confirmed by Beck's observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- GUOLIANG LI
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - WENLIANG MA
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - AIMEI GAO
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - HONGYU CHEN
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - DAVID FINLOW
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - QIAN-SHU LI
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu HG, Wu MM, Zhang ZG, Yuan J, Sun Q, Zheng W. Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional calculations of CuSin− (n = 4–18) clusters. J Chem Phys 2012; 136:104308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3692685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
27
|
Calvo F, Parneix P. Amplification of Anharmonicities in Multiphoton Vibrational Action Spectra. Chemphyschem 2011; 13:212-20. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
28
|
Claes P, Janssens E, Ngan VT, Gruene P, Lyon JT, Harding DJ, Fielicke A, Nguyen MT, Lievens P. Structural identification of caged vanadium doped silicon clusters. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:173401. [PMID: 22107515 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.173401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The geometry of cationic silicon clusters doped with vanadium, Si(n)V(+) (n=12-16), is investigated by using infrared multiple photon dissociation of the corresponding rare gas complexes in combination with ab initio calculations. It is shown that the clusters are endohedral cages, and evidence is provided that Si(16)V(+) is a fluxional system with a symmetric Frank-Kasper geometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Claes
- Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Oña OB, Ferraro MB, Facelli JC. Transition from exo- to endo- Cu absorption in CuSi(n) clusters: A Genetic Algorithms Density Functional Theory (DFT) Study. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011; 37:678-688. [PMID: 21785526 PMCID: PMC3139224 DOI: 10.1080/08927020903583830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The characterization and prediction of the structures of metal silicon clusters is important for nanotechnology research because these clusters can be used as building blocks for nano devices, integrated circuits and solar cells. Several authors have postulated that there is a transition between exo to endo absorption of Cu in Si(n) clusters and showed that for n larger than 9 it is possible to find endohedral clusters. Unfortunately, no global searchers have confirmed this observation, which is based on local optimizations of plausible structures. Here we use parallel Genetic Algorithms (GA), as implemented in our MGAC software, directly coupled with DFT energy calculations to show that the global search of CuSi(n) cluster structures does not find endohedral clusters for n < 8 but finds them for n ≥ 10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia B. Oña
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, ;
| | - Marta B. Ferraro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, ;
| | - Julio C. Facelli
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, 155 South 1452 East, Rm 405, Salt Lake City, US,
- Center for High Performance Computing, University of Utah, 155 South 1452 East, Rm 405, Salt Lake City, US,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ngan VT, Gruene P, Claes P, Janssens E, Fielicke A, Nguyen MT, Lievens P. Disparate Effects of Cu and V on Structures of Exohedral Transition Metal-Doped Silicon Clusters: A Combined Far-Infrared Spectroscopic and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:15589-602. [DOI: 10.1021/ja105099u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thi Ngan
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Gruene
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Pieterjan Claes
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Fielicke
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Lievens
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Calvo F, Parneix P, Van-Oanh NT. Finite-temperature infrared spectroscopy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules. II. Principal mode analysis and self-consistent phonons. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:074303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3465554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
33
|
Ngan VT, Nguyen MT. The Aromatic 8-Electron Cubic Silicon Clusters Be@Si8, B@Si8+, and C@Si82+. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:7609-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103180y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vu Thi Ngan
- Department of Chemistry, and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Institute for Computational Science and Technology of HoChiMinh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tho Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, and Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry (INPAC), Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium, Faculty of Chemistry, National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam, and Institute for Computational Science and Technology of HoChiMinh City, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lin L, Claes P, Gruene P, Meijer G, Fielicke A, Nguyen M, Lievens P. Far-Infrared Spectra of Yttrium-Doped Gold Clusters AunY (n=1-9). Chemphyschem 2010; 11:1932-43. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
35
|
Calvo F, Parneix P, Van-Oanh NT. Finite temperature infrared spectroscopy of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules: Path-integral molecular dynamics. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:124308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3367719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Heiles S, Schäfer S, Schäfer R. Mass spectrometry and beam deflection studies of tin-lead nanoalloy clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:247-53. [PMID: 20024466 DOI: 10.1039/b917206h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Photo-ionization mass spectrometry and electric beam deflection experiments were used to study isolated Sn(M)Pb(N) clusters (7 <or=N + M<or= 13 for tin-rich clusters, 7 <or=N + M<or= 15 for lead-rich clusters) in a molecular beam apparatus. The observed mass spectra reveal a broad abundance distribution of the bimetallic clusters in which all possible cluster compositions can be identified within the investigated size ranges. Comparison of the relative cluster intensities between pure tin or lead clusters (Sn(N+M) and Pb(N+M)) and mixed Sn(M)Pb(N) clusters indicate quite similar relative abundance distributions which can be smoothly shifted from one to the other extreme by changing the composition. The mass spectroscopic findings could be explained by assuming a substitution "alloy" formation in the Sn(M)Pb(N) cluster system. In combination, the dielectric properties were determined by passing the bimetallic clusters through an inhomogeneous electric field. The observed polarizabilities are significantly increased for most of the bimetallic clusters. This can be explained in an adiabatic polarization model by the presence of permanent electric dipole moments. These observations demonstrate how the electronic properties are not only crucially influenced by the cluster size but also by the composition of this nanoalloy model system. In addition to the enhanced polarizability, most of the measured beam profiles for tin-rich clusters show detectable beam broadenings due to the permanent dipole moments, in contrast to lead-rich clusters which possess considerable smaller dipole moments. Molecular dynamic simulations of the measured beam profile for Sn(6)Pb(1) taking theoretically calculated isomeric structures and dipole moments into account yields no completely satisfying outcome. Therefore we discuss possible reasons for the discrepancy between experimental and theoretical results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Heiles
- Eduard-Zintl-Institut für Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 20, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Basire M, Parneix P, Calvo F. Finite-Temperature IR Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules: A Theoretical Assessment of Scaling Factors. J Phys Chem A 2009; 114:3139-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9088639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Basire
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire,∥ C.N.R.S. Fédération de recherche Lumière Matière, Bat 210, Université Paris Sud 11, F91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and LASIM, Université de Lyon and CNRS UMR 5579, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - P. Parneix
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire,∥ C.N.R.S. Fédération de recherche Lumière Matière, Bat 210, Université Paris Sud 11, F91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and LASIM, Université de Lyon and CNRS UMR 5579, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - F. Calvo
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire,∥ C.N.R.S. Fédération de recherche Lumière Matière, Bat 210, Université Paris Sud 11, F91405 Orsay Cedex, France, and LASIM, Université de Lyon and CNRS UMR 5579, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fielicke A, Lyon JT, Haertelt M, Meijer G, Claes P, de Haeck J, Lievens P. Vibrational spectroscopy of neutral silicon clusters via far-IR-VUV two color ionization. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:171105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3262803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
39
|
Basire M, Parneix P, Calvo F, Pino T, Bréchignac P. Temperature and anharmonic effects on the infrared absorption spectrum from a quantum statistical approach: application to naphthalene. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:6947-54. [PMID: 19476373 DOI: 10.1021/jp901104x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A method is developed to calculate the finite-temperature infrared absorption spectrum of polyatomic molecules with energy levels described by a second-order Dunham expansion. The anharmonic couplings are fully incorporated in the calculation of the quantum density of states, achieved using a Wang-Landau Monte Carlo procedure, as well as in the determination of transition energies. Additional multicanonical simulations provide the microcanonical absorption intensity as a function of both the absorption wavelength and the internal energy of the molecule. The finite-temperature spectrum is finally obtained by Laplace transformation of this microcanonical histogram. The present scheme is applied to the infrared spectrum of naphthalene, for which we quantify the shifting, broadening, and third-order effects as a continuous function of temperature. The influence of anharmonicity and couplings is manifested on the nontrivial variations of these features with increasing temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Basire
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire, CNSR, Université Paris-Sud, Bât. 210, F91405 Orsay Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lyon JT, Gruene P, Fielicke A, Meijer G, Janssens E, Claes P, Lievens P. Structures of Silicon Cluster Cations in the Gas Phase. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:1115-21. [DOI: 10.1021/ja807518y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T. Lyon
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philipp Gruene
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gerard Meijer
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieterjan Claes
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Lievens
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany, and Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Magnetism & INPAC-Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
|