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Bakis E, Goloviznina K, Vaz ICM, Sloboda D, Hazens D, Valkovska V, Klimenkovs I, Padua A, Costa Gomes M. Unravelling free volume in branched-cation ionic liquids based on silicon. Chem Sci 2022; 13:9062-9073. [PMID: 36091212 PMCID: PMC9365092 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01696f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with remarkably low density and viscosity. The relatively low liquid densities suggest a large free volume in these liquids. Argon solubility was measured using a precise saturation method to probe the relative free volumes. Argon molar solubilities were slightly higher in ionic liquids with alkylsilane and siloxane groups within the cation, compared to carbon-based branched groups. The anion size, however, showed by far the dominant effect on argon solubility. Thermodynamic solvation parameters were derived from the solubility data and the argon solvation environment was modelled utilizing the polarizable CL&Pol force field. Semiquantitative analysis was in agreement with trends established from the experimental data. The results of this investigation demonstrate design principles for targeted ionic liquids when optimisation for the free volume is required, and demonstrate the utility of argon as a simple, noninteracting probe. As more ionic liquids find their way into industrial processes of scale, these findings are important for their utilisation in the capture of any gaseous solute, gas separation, or in processes involving the transformation of gases or small molecules. The branching of ionic liquid cation sidechains utilizing silicon as the backbone was explored and it was found that this structural feature leads to fluids with remarkably low density and viscosity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduards Bakis
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Kateryna Goloviznina
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Inês C. M. Vaz
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
| | - Diana Sloboda
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Daniels Hazens
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Valda Valkovska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Igors Klimenkovs
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Latvia, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia
| | - Agilio Padua
- Laboratoire de Chimie, ENS de Lyon and CNRS, 46 Allée D’Italie, Lyon 69364, France
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Wang YL, Li B, Sarman S, Mocci F, Lu ZY, Yuan J, Laaksonen A, Fayer MD. Microstructural and Dynamical Heterogeneities in Ionic Liquids. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5798-5877. [PMID: 32292036 PMCID: PMC7349628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a special category of molten salts solely composed of ions with varied molecular symmetry and charge delocalization. The versatility in combining varied cation-anion moieties and in functionalizing ions with different atoms and molecular groups contributes to their peculiar interactions ranging from weak isotropic associations to strong, specific, and anisotropic forces. A delicate interplay among intra- and intermolecular interactions facilitates the formation of heterogeneous microstructures and liquid morphologies, which further contributes to their striking dynamical properties. Microstructural and dynamical heterogeneities of ILs lead to their multifaceted properties described by an inherent designer feature, which makes ILs important candidates for novel solvents, electrolytes, and functional materials in academia and industrial applications. Due to a massive number of combinations of ion pairs with ion species having distinct molecular structures and IL mixtures containing varied molecular solvents, a comprehensive understanding of their hierarchical structural and dynamical quantities is of great significance for a rational selection of ILs with appropriate properties and thereafter advancing their macroscopic functionalities in applications. In this review, we comprehensively trace recent advances in understanding delicate interplay of strong and weak interactions that underpin their complex phase behaviors with a particular emphasis on understanding heterogeneous microstructures and dynamics of ILs in bulk liquids, in mixtures with cosolvents, and in interfacial regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lei Wang
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bin Li
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
| | - Sten Sarman
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesca Mocci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, I-09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aatto Laaksonen
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- State
Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
- Centre of
Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania
- Department
of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Division of Energy Science, Luleå University of Technology, SE-97187 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Michael D. Fayer
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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Gouveia ASL, Soares B, Simões S, Antonov DY, Lozinskaya EI, Saramago B, Shaplov AS, Marrucho IM. Ionic Liquid with Silyl Substituted Cation: Thermophysical and CO
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Permeation Properties. Isr J Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201800149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S. L. Gouveia
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Bruna Soares
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Sofia Simões
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Dmitrii Y. Antonov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian academy of sciences (INEOS RAS) Vavilov str. 28 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Elena I. Lozinskaya
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian academy of sciences (INEOS RAS) Vavilov str. 28 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Benilde Saramago
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Alexander S. Shaplov
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) 5 avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette Luxembourg
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- Centro de Química EstruturalInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Avenida Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
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Biancalana L, Bresciani G, Chiappe C, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G, Pomelli CS. Modifying bis(triflimide) ionic liquids by dissolving early transition metal carbamates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5057-5066. [PMID: 29388992 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The authors report the first modification of ionic liquids with metal carbamates. A selection of homoleptic N,N-dialkylcarbamates of group 4 and 5 metals, M(O2CNR2)n, were dissolved in bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide-based ionic liquids, i.e. [bmim][Tf2N] and [P(oct)4][Tf2N], at 293 K. The resulting solutions were characterized by means of IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy, and the data were compared to those of the respective metal compounds. Notably, the dissolution process did not proceed with the release of any of the original carbamato ligands, thus preserving the intact coordination frame around the metal centre. The solvation process of Ti(O2CNiPr2)4, as a model species, in [bmim][Tf2N] was rationalized by DFT calculations. As a comparative study, solutions of NbF5 and MCl5 (M = Nb, Ta) in [bmim][Tf2N] were also investigated, revealing the possible occurrence of solvent anion coordination to the metal centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- University of Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124, Pisa, Italy.
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Wu B, Yamashita Y, Endo T, Takahashi K, Castner EW. Structure and dynamics of ionic liquids: Trimethylsilylpropyl-substituted cations and bis(sulfonyl)amide anions. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:244506. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4972410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Boning Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Yuki Yamashita
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Endo
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kenji Takahashi
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Edward W. Castner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Endo T, Nemugaki S, Matsushita Y, Sakai Y, Ozaki H, Hiejima Y, Kimura Y, Takahashi K. Fast solute diffusivity in ionic liquids with silyl or siloxane groups studied by the transient grating method. Chem Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Glukhov LM, Krasovskiy VG, Chernikova EA, Kapustin GI, Kustov LM, Koroteev AA. Synthesis and properties of dicationic ionic liquids containing a siloxane structural moiety. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024415120134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are defined as salts with melting points below 100 °C. They attracted much attention in the last two decades due to their unique set of properties, including high conductivities, low viscosities, negligible vapor pressure, and high electrochemical resistance. ILs are seen as tunable systems, of which (also in mixtures) up to 10(19) combinations may exist. These properties make ILs interesting candidates for a variety of fundamental to industrial applications. Our addition to this field was weakly coordinating, little interacting anions, the highly fluorinated aluminates [Al(OR(F))4](-) (R(F) = C(CF3)3, C(CH3), (CF3)2, and CH(CF3)2 and later also CH2(CF3)). We have used these anions in a broad spectrum of applications, including the stabilization of reactive cations, (polymerization) catalysis, and conducting salts for cyclic voltammetry or in electrochemical cells. Especially the [Al(Ohfip)4](-) (hfip = CH(CF3)2) anions in combination with asymmetric organic cations turned out to be very well suited for the synthesis of ILs with very low melting points, some even far below 0 °C. Also the analogous borates, [B(OR(F))4](-), were shown to yield ILs, and currently a plethora of such aluminate and borate ILs have been synthesized and thoroughly investigated. In many aspects, at least the [Al(Ohfip)4](-) ILs present almost ideally noninteracting prototype ILs with (nearly) isotropic but weak and flat Coulomb potential. Consequently, their overall interionic interactions are significantly reduced compared with other classes of ILs, resulting in an extraordinarily low degree, or (for short cation chain lengths below six) even complete absence of ion pairing. From thorough analysis of the principles governing the physical properties of this highly fluorinated IL class with minimized interactions, we were able to learn basic principles that could be extended, for example, to the prediction of the principal properties of a wide variety of typical ILs. In this Account, we give a comprehensive review of their syntheses, thermal and toxicological behavior, physical as well as dynamic properties, and use in electrochemical applications. We delineate advantages and limitations of the [M(III)(OR(F))4](-) ILs developed in our lab and give an outlook on those fields, in which there is still a lack of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B. A. Rupp
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical
Chemistry, Albertstrasse
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Krossing
- Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical
Chemistry, Albertstrasse
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Roznyatovskaya N, Rupp ABA, Tübke J, Krossing I. Sieving Effects in Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors Based on Neat [Al(hfip)4]−and [NTf2]−Ionic Liquids. ChemElectroChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201500024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chavan SN, Mandal D. Combined effect of ether and siloxane substituents on imidazolium ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra07466e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined effect of ether and siloxane substituents on imidazolium cations helps overcome the Coulombic attraction, van der Waals forces, size factor and conformational degree of freedom, and exerts an impact on viscosity, density and thermal properties of ionic liquids.
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Tan J, Ma D, Sun X, Feng S, Zhang C. Synthesis and characterization of an octaimidazolium-based polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanesionic liquid by an ion-exchange reaction. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4337-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32645k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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