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Raju C, Mridula K, Srinivasan N, Kunnikuruvan S, Sureshan KM. Topochemical Syntheses of Polyarylopeptides Involving Large Molecular Motions: Frustrated Monomer Packing Leads to the Formation of Polymer Blends. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306504. [PMID: 37486334 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the topochemical syntheses of three polyarylopeptides, wherein triazolylphenyl group is integrated into the backbone of peptide chains. We synthesized three different monomers having azide and arylacetylene as end-groups from glycine, L-alanine and L-valine. We crystallized these monomers and the crystal structures of two of them were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. Due to the steric constraints, both of these monomers crystallized with two molecules, viz. conformers A and B, in the asymmetric unit. Consistently, in both cases, the A-conformers are antiparallelly π-stacked and B-conformers are parallelly slip-stacked, exploiting weak interactions. Though the arrangements of molecules in the pristine crystals were unsuitable for topochemical reaction, upon heating, they undergo large motion inside the crystal lattice to reach a transient reactive orientation and thereby the self-sorted conformer stacks react to give a blend of triazole-linked polyarylopeptides having two different linkages. Due to the large molecular motion inside crystals, the product phase loses its crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cijil Raju
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Kozhukunnon Mridula
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Nikitha Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Sooraj Kunnikuruvan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
- Centre for Atomistic Modelling and Materials Design and Centre for Molecular Materials and Functions, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
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2
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Cocrystals for photochemical solid-state reactions: An account on crystal engineering perspective. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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3
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Quentin J, Reinheimer EW, MacGillivray LR. Halogen-Bond Mediated [2+2] Photodimerizations: À la Carte Access to Unsymmetrical Cyclobutanes in the Solid State. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031048. [PMID: 35164313 PMCID: PMC8839528 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ditopic halogen-bond (X-bond) donors 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-di-I-tFb, respectively) form binary cocrystals with the unsymmetrical ditopic X-bond acceptor trans-1-(2-pyridyl)-2-(4-pyridyl)ethylene (2,4-bpe). The components of each cocrystal (1,2-di-I-tFb)·(2,4-bpe), (1,3-di-I-tFb)·(2,4-bpe), and (1,4-di-I-tFb)·(2,4-bpe) assemble via N···I X-bonds. For (1,2-di-I-tFb)·(2,4-bpe) and (1,3-di-I-tFb)·(2,4-bpe), the X-bond donor supports the C=C bonds of 2,4-bpe to undergo a topochemical [2+2] photodimerization in the solid state: UV-irradiation of each solid resulted in stereospecific, regiospecific, and quantitative photodimerization of 2,4-bpe to the corresponding head-to-tail (ht) or head-to-head (hh) cyclobutane photoproduct, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Quentin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Eric W. Reinheimer
- Rigaku Americas Corporation, 9009 New Trails Drive, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA;
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Yagci BB, Zorlu Y, Türkmen YE. Template-Directed Photochemical Homodimerization and Heterodimerization Reactions of Cinnamic Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13118-13128. [PMID: 34469153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We developed a general method for the selective photochemical homo- and heterodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives with the use of commercially available 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene as a covalent template. A variety of symmetrical and unsymmetrical β-truxinic acids were obtained in high yields and as single diastereomers. The use of a template not only provides the alignment of the two olefins with suitable proximity (<4.2 Å) but also allows the heterodimerization of two different cinnamic acids, leading to unsymmetrical β-truxinic acid products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilge Banu Yagci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Yunus Zorlu
- Department of Chemistry, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Yunus Emre Türkmen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey.,UNAM, National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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5
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Characterization of orthogonal hydrogen and halogen bonds in thiobarbituric acid complexes with halogen molecules (X =
I
2
, Br
2
, and Cl
2
): Structural and spectroscopic study. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Chen B, Lin Z, Wu R, Jin S, Dong L, Bai L, Xu W, Wang D. Nine Supramolecular Adducts of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and Carboxylic acids Assembled by Classical Hydrogen Bonds and Other Noncovalent Intermolecular Interactions. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Li C, Campillo-Alvarado G, Swenson DC, MacGillivray LR. Photoreactive salt cocrystal: N+–H⋯N hydrogen bond and cation–π interactions support a cascade-like photodimerization of a 4-stilbazole. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01885f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds (i.e., N+–H⋯N) in combination with cation⋯π interactions enable a cascade-like [2 + 2] photodimerization of 4-stilbazole in a salt cocrystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Li
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Iowa
- Iowa City
- USA
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Pandolfi L, Giunchi A, Salzillo T, Brillante A, Della Valle RG, Venuti E, Grepioni F, D'Agostino S. The impact of solid solution composition on kinetics and mechanism of [2 + 2] photodimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01718c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the solid solution composition on the kinetics of solid-state [2 + 2] photocycloadditions was evaluated via a combination of single crystal XRD, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and principal component analysis (PCA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pandolfi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Andrea Giunchi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Tommaso Salzillo
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
- Department of Materials and Interfaces
| | - Aldo Brillante
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Venuti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale “Toso Montanari”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Fabrizia Grepioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
| | - Simone D'Agostino
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Giacomo Ciamician”
- Università di Bologna
- Bologna
- Italy
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Quentin J, Reinheimer EW, MacGillivray LR. X-ray crystal structure of trans-bis-(pyridin-3-yl)ethyl-ene: comparing the supra-molecular structural features among the symmetrical bis-( n-pyrid-yl)ethyl-enes ( n = 2, 3, or 4) constitutional isomers. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:1859-1862. [PMID: 33520269 PMCID: PMC7784657 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989020015303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mol-ecular structure of trans-bis-(pyridin-3-yl)ethyl-ene (3,3'-bpe), C12H10N2, as determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction is reported. The mol-ecule self-assembles into two dimensional arrays by a combination of C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds and edge-to-face C-H⋯π inter-actions that stack in a herringbone arrangement perpendicular to the crystallographic c-axis. The supra-molecular forces that direct the packing of 3,3'-bpe as well as its packing assembly within the crystal are also compared to those observed within the structures of the other symmetrical isomers trans-1,2-bis-(n-pyrid-yl)ethyl-ene ( n , n '-bpe, where n = n' = 2 or 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Quentin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, 305 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1290, USA
| | - Eric W. Reinheimer
- Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 9009 New Trails Dr., The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA
| | - Leonard R. MacGillivray
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, 305 Chemistry Building, Iowa City, IA 52242-1290, USA
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Supramolecular Sandwiches: Halogen-Bonded Coformers Direct [2+2] Photoreactivity in Two-Component Cocrystals. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25040907. [PMID: 32085511 PMCID: PMC7070622 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The halogen-bond (X-bond) donors 1,3- and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (1,3-di-I-tFb and 1,4-di-I-tFb, respectively) form cocrystals with trans-1,2-bis(2-pyridyl)ethylene (2,2′-bpe) assembled by N···I X-bonds. In each cocrystal, 2(1,3-di-I-tFb)·2(2,2′-bpe) and (1,4-di-I-tFb)·(2,2′-bpe), the donor molecules support the C=C bonds of 2,2′-bpe to undergo an intermolecular [2+2] photodimerization. UV irradiation of each cocrystal resulted in stereospecific and quantitative conversion of 2,2′-bpe to rctt-tetrakis(2-pyridyl)cyclobutane (2,2′-tpcb). In each case, the reactivity occurs via face-to-face π-stacked columns wherein nearest-neighbor pairs of 2,2′-bpe molecules lie sandwiched between X-bond donor molecules. Nearest-neighbor C=C bonds are stacked criss-crossed in both cocrystals. The reactivity was ascribed to the olefins undergoing pedal-like motion in the solid state. The stereochemistry of 2,2′-tpcb is confirmed in cocrystals 2(1,3-di-I-tFb)·(2,2′-tpcb) and (1,4-di-I-tFb)·(2,2′-tpcb).
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