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Gazo Hanna E, Younes K, Roufayel R, Khazaal M, Fajloun Z. Engineering innovations in medicine and biology: Revolutionizing patient care through mechanical solutions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26154. [PMID: 38390063 PMCID: PMC10882044 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The overlap between mechanical engineering and medicine is expanding more and more over the years. Engineers are now using their expertise to design and create functional biomaterials and are continually collaborating with physicians to improve patient health. In this review, we explore the state of scientific knowledge in the areas of biomaterials, biomechanics, nanomechanics, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in relation to the pharmaceutical and medical industry. Focusing on current research and breakthroughs, we provide an overview of how these fields are being used to create new technologies for medical treatments of human patients. Barriers and constraints in these fields, as well as ways to overcome them, are also described in this review. Finally, the potential for future advances in biomaterials to fundamentally change the current approach to medicine and biology is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddie Gazo Hanna
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, 54200, Kuwait
| | - Khaled Younes
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, 54200, Kuwait
| | - Rabih Roufayel
- College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East, Egaila, 54200, Kuwait
| | - Mickael Khazaal
- École Supérieure des Techniques Aéronautiques et de Construction Automobile, ISAE-ESTACA, France
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Faculty of Sciences 3, Department of Biology, Lebanese University, Campus Michel Slayman Ras Maska, 1352, Tripoli, Lebanon
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, 1300, Tripoli, Lebanon
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2
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Brito C, Silva JV, Gonzaga RV, La-Scalea MA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. A Review on Carbon Nanotubes Family of Nanomaterials and Their Health Field. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8687-8708. [PMID: 38434894 PMCID: PMC10905599 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles
L. Brito
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V. Silva
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro A. La-Scalea
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
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Masoudi Asil S, Guerrero ED, Bugarini G, Cayme J, De Avila N, Garcia J, Hernandez A, Mecado J, Madero Y, Moncayo F, Olmos R, Perches D, Roman J, Salcido‐Padilla D, Sanchez E, Trejo C, Trevino P, Nurunnabi M, Narayan M. Theranostic applications of multifunctional carbon nanomaterials. VIEW 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20220056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shima Masoudi Asil
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Erick Damian Guerrero
- Department of Biochemistry Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
| | - Georgina Bugarini
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Joshua Cayme
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Nydia De Avila
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Jaime Garcia
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Adrian Hernandez
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Julia Mecado
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Yazeneth Madero
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Frida Moncayo
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Rosario Olmos
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - David Perches
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Jacob Roman
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Diana Salcido‐Padilla
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Efrain Sanchez
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Christopher Trejo
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Paulina Trevino
- BUILDing SCHOLARS, Research Intensive Sequence (FYRIS) students The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences School of Pharmacy The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA
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Chen Y, Liu C, Yang Z, Sun Y, Chen X, Liu L. Fabrication of zein-based hydrophilic nanoparticles for efficient gene delivery by layer-by-layer assembly. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:381-397. [PMID: 35839955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a natural biological macromolecule, zein has broad application prospects in drug delivery due to its unique self-assembly properties. In this work, zein/sodium alginate (Zein/SA) nanocomposites were prepared by a pH-cycle method, Then Zein/SA/PEI (ZSP) nanocomposites were prepared by efficient layer-by-layer assembly method, ZSP nanocomposite of higher transfection performance was further labeled by folic acid (FA). After characterizing the physicochemical properties of ZSP by various methods, the potential of ZSP as a gene delivery vehicle was explored in vitro. The results showed that ZSP had good dispersibility and stability, the diameter distribution was in the range of 124-203 nm, and it had a typical core-shell structure, which could effectively condensate DNA and protect it from nuclease hydrolysis. ZSP exhibited proton buffering capacity similar to PEI, lower cellular toxicity, lower protein adsorption and erythrocyte hemolysis effect than PEI. ZSP/pDNA complexes could be taken up by cells and exhibited higher transfection efficiency than PEI/DNA complexes at the same weight ratio. The transfection efficiency of the complex in HeLa and 293T cells can be improved by FA labeling, especially in HeLa cells. These results provide new perspective for the design and development of efficient zein-based gene delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Chaobing Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Zhaojun Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Yanlin Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
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Chhetri KB, Dasgupta C, Maiti PK. Diameter Dependent Melting and Softening of dsDNA Under Cylindrical Confinement. Front Chem 2022; 10:879746. [PMID: 35586267 PMCID: PMC9108266 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.879746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are considered promising candidates for biomolecular confinement, including DNA encapsulation for gene delivery. Threshold values of diameters have been reported for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) encapsulation inside CNTs. We have performed all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of dsDNAs confined inside single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) at the physiologically relevant temperature of 300 K. We found that the dsDNA can be confined without being denatured only when the diameter of the SWCNT exceeds a threshold value. Below this threshold diameter, the dsDNA gets denatured and melts even at the temperature of 300 K. Our simulations using SWCNTs with chirality indices (20,20) to (30,30) at 300 K found the critical diameter to be 3.25 nm (corresponding to (24,24) chirality). Analyses of the hydrogen bonds (H-bonds), Van der Walls (VdW) energy, and other inter-base interactions show drastic reduction in the number of H-bonds, VdW energy, and electrostatic energies between the bases of dsDNA when it is confined in narrower SWCNTs (up to diameter of 3.12 nm). On the other hand, the higher interaction energy between the dsDNA and the SWCNT surface in narrower SWCNTs assists in the melting of the dsDNA. Electrostatic mapping and hydration status analyses show that the dsDNA is not adequately hydrated and the counter ion distribution is not uniform below the critical diameter of the SWCNT. As properly hydrated counter ions provide stability to the dsDNA, we infer that the inappropriate hydration of counter ions and their non-uniform distribution around the dsDNA cause the melting of the dsDNA inside SWCNTs of diameter below the critical value of 3.25 nm. For confined dsDNAs that do not get denatured, we computed their elastic properties. The persistence length of dsDNA was found to increase by a factor of about two and the torsional stiffness by a factor of 1.5 for confinement inside SWCNTs of diameters up to 3.79 nm, the stretch modulus also following nearly the same trend. Interestingly, for higher diameters of SWCNT, 3.79 nm and above, the dsDNA becomes more flexible, demonstrating that the mechanical properties of the dsDNA under cylindrical confinement depend non-monotonically on the confinement diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadka B. Chhetri
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- Department of Physics, Prithvinarayan Campus, Tribhuvan University, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Chandan Dasgupta
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Prabal K. Maiti
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
- *Correspondence: Prabal K. Maiti,
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Wang T, Zang Z, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang H, Wang W, Hu X, Sun J, Tai F, He R. Quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes promote root growth and osmotic-stress tolerance in maize via ROS neutralization and improved energy status. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:122-131. [PMID: 33984624 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the role of quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes (IFQA) on the root growth of plant seedlings was investigated. The root elongation of Arabidopsis and maize exposed to 20 and 50 mg/L of IFQA was promoted under normal and osmotic stress conditions, respectively. In the meantime, the root active absorption area and adenosine triphosphate content in roots of maize seedlings were enhanced by IFQA treatment, however, the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde in roots were down-regulated. IFQA application improved glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase activities and the ratios of glutathione/oxidized glutathione and ascorbic acid/dehydroascorbic acid, and restored the inhibition of root elongation caused by the excess accumulation of H2O2 in roots of maize seedlings under osmotic stress. Furthermore, the expression of 14 proteins involved in cell growth, energy metabolism, and stress response in maize roots was upregulated by two-dimensional electrophoresis combined with mass spectrometry. This analysis revealed that IFQA stimulated the redox pathway to maintain balance levels of reactive oxygen species to ensure normal cell metabolism, promote energy production for root growth, and enhance osmotic-stress tolerance. It provided crucial information to elucidate the mechanism of the root growth of crop seedlings enhanced by water-soluble fullerene-based nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zang
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuke Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hezhong Wang
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiuli Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jinhua Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Fuju Tai
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Life Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Rui He
- NanoAgro Center, College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Duan L, Xu L, Xu X, Qin Z, Zhou X, Xiao Y, Liang Y, Xia J. Exosome-mediated delivery of gene vectors for gene therapy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:1387-1397. [PMID: 33350419 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07622h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Gene vectors are nucleic acids that carry genetic materials or gene editing devices into cells to exert the sustained production of therapeutic proteins or to correct erroneous genes of the cells. However, the cell membrane sets a barrier for the entry of nucleic acid molecules, and nucleic acids are easily degraded or neutralized when they are externally administered into the body. Carriers to encapsulate, protect and deliver nucleic acid molecules therefore are essential for clinical applications of gene therapy. The secreted organelles, exosomes, which naturally mediate the communications between cells, have been engineered to encapsulate and deliver nucleic acids to the desired tissues and cells. The fusion of exosomes with liposomes can increase the loading capacity and also retain the targeting capability of exosomes. Altogether, this review summarizes the most recent designs of exosome-based applications for gene delivery and their future perspectives in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shenzhen Intelligent Orthopaedics and Biomedical Innovation Platform, Guangdong Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Innovation Platform, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, China
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