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Petelinšek N, Mommer S. Tough Hydrogels for Load-Bearing Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307404. [PMID: 38225751 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Tough hydrogels have emerged as a promising class of materials to target load-bearing applications, where the material has to resist multiple cycles of extreme mechanical impact. A variety of chemical interactions and network architectures are used to enhance the mechanical properties and fracture mechanics of hydrogels making them stiffer and tougher. In recent years, the mechanical properties of tough, high-performance hydrogels have been benchmarked, however, this is often incomplete as important variables like water content are largely ignored. In this review, the aim is to clarify the reported mechanical properties of state-of-the-art tough hydrogels by providing a comprehensive library of fracture and mechanical property data. First, common methods for mechanical characterization of such high-performance hydrogels are introduced. Then, various modes of energy dissipation to obtain tough hydrogels are discussed and used to categorize the individual datasets helping to asses the material's (fracture) mechanical properties. Finally, current applications are considered, tough high-performance hydrogels are compared with existing materials, and promising future opportunities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Petelinšek
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Mommer
- Macromolecular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Sonneggstrasse 3, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland
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Xie X, Xu R, Ouyang H, Tan S, Guo C, Luo X, Xie Y, Wu D, Dong X, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhao L. A mechanically robust and stable estradiol-loaded PHEMA-based hydrogel barrier for intrauterine adhesion treatment. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8684-8695. [PMID: 36254705 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01740g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen combined with physical barrier therapy may be a prospective method to repair a damaged endometrium and prevent postsurgical re-adhesion in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions (IUAs), but there lacks a suitable scaffold with good biocompatibility, appropriate mechanical properties, and drug-releasing kinetics. Herein, a mechanically robust and stable barrier based on the poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogel combined with estradiol-loaded mesoporous silica is designed. The network is formed by covalent bonds and noncovalent coordination bonds, which endow the hydrogel with superior mechanical properties to most reported PHEMA-based hydrogels. Meanwhile, the covalent bonds impart excellent stability to the hydrogel, which maintains its structure and mechanical properties in a simulated uterine fluid for 30 days. The excellent mechanical properties and stability are comparable to those of a typical barrier material intrauterine device (IUD), enabling the hydrogel to be retained in the uterus and removed intact like an IUD. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that the hydrogel possesses good biocompatibility similar to pure PHEMA hydrogels. In addition, the hydrogel releases estradiol continuously and stably, and exhibits a good therapeutic effect in promoting the proliferation of endometrial cells and inhibiting the progression of fibrosis. Therefore, the combinational advantages make the present hydrogel very promising in IUA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
| | - Ruijuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongyan Ouyang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
| | - Shiqiao Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chuan Guo
- Orthopedic research institute, Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xingqi Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
| | - Yuanjie Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
| | - Di Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
| | - Xiangyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 60068, China.
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Lin W, Wei X, Liu S, Zhang J, Yang T, Chen S. Recent Advances in Mechanical Reinforcement of Zwitterionic Hydrogels. Gels 2022; 8:gels8090580. [PMID: 36135292 PMCID: PMC9498500 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a nonspecific protein adsorption material, a strong hydration layer provides zwitterionic hydrogels with excellent application potential while weakening the interaction between zwitterionic units, leading to poor mechanical properties. The unique anti-polyelectrolyte effect in ionic solution further restricts the application value due to the worsening mechanical strength. To overcome the limitations of zwitterionic hydrogels that can only be used in scenarios that do not require mechanical properties, several methods for strengthening mechanical properties based on enhancing intermolecular interaction forces and polymer network structure design have been extensively studied. Here, we review the works on preparing tough zwitterionic hydrogel. Based on the spatial and molecular structure design, tough zwitterionic hydrogels have been considered as an important candidate for advanced biomedical and soft ionotronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xinyue Wei
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Sihang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education, UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Zhejiang Poly Pharm Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 311199, China
| | - Tian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education, UM-SJTU Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shengfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.C.)
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Song H, Zhang B, Feng Q, Nguyen DH, Zhang C, Liu T. Ultra‐stretchable, self‐healable, and reprocessable ionic conductive hydrogels enabled by dual dynamic networks. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Qichun Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Dai Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan University Wuxi People's Republic of China
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Liu S, Tang J, Ji F, Lin W, Chen S. Recent Advances in Zwitterionic Hydrogels: Preparation, Property, and Biomedical Application. Gels 2022; 8:46. [PMID: 35049581 PMCID: PMC8775195 DOI: 10.3390/gels8010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonspecific protein adsorption impedes the sustainability of materials in biologically related applications. Such adsorption activates the immune system by quick identification of allogeneic materials and triggers a rejection, resulting in the rapid failure of implant materials and drugs. Antifouling materials have been rapidly developed in the past 20 years, from natural polysaccharides (such as dextran) to synthetic polymers (such as polyethylene glycol, PEG). However, recent studies have shown that traditional antifouling materials, including PEG, still fail to overcome the challenges of a complex human environment. Zwitterionic materials are a class of materials that contain both cationic and anionic groups, with their overall charge being neutral. Compared with PEG materials, zwitterionic materials have much stronger hydration, which is considered the most important factor for antifouling. Among zwitterionic materials, zwitterionic hydrogels have excellent structural stability and controllable regulation capabilities for various biomedical scenarios. Here, we first describe the mechanism and structure of zwitterionic materials. Following the preparation and property of zwitterionic hydrogels, recent advances in zwitterionic hydrogels in various biomedical applications are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (S.L.); (J.T.); (F.J.)
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of the Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (S.L.); (J.T.); (F.J.)
- Zhejiang Development & Planning Institute, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Fangqin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (S.L.); (J.T.); (F.J.)
- Taizhou Technician College, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Weifeng Lin
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Shengfu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; (S.L.); (J.T.); (F.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
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