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Guragain M, Pinjari D, Misra R, D'Souza F. Zinc Tetrapyrrole Coordinated to Imidazole Functionalized Tetracyanobutadiene or Cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diylidene-expanded-tetracyanobutadiene Conjugates: Dark vs. Light-Induced Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302665. [PMID: 37704573 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Using the popular metal-ligand axial coordination self-assembly approach, donor-acceptor conjugates have been constructed using zinc tetrapyrroles (porphyrin (ZnP), phthalocyanine (ZnPc), and naphthalocyanine (ZnNc)) as electron donors and imidazole functionalized tetracyanobutadiene (Im-TCBD) and cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-diylidene-expanded-tetracyanobutadiene (Im-DCNQ) as electron acceptors. The newly formed donor-acceptor conjugates were fully characterized by a suite of physicochemical methods, including absorption and emission, electrochemistry, and computational methods. The measured binding constants for the 1 : 1 complexes were in the order of 104 -105 M-1 in o-dichlorobenzene. Free-energy calculations and the energy level diagrams revealed the high exergonicity for the excited state electron transfer reactions. However, in the case of the ZnNc:Im-DCNQ complex, owing to the facile oxidation of ZnNc and facile reduction of Im-DCNQ, slow electron transfer was witnessed in the dark without the aid of light. Systematic transient pump-probe studies were performed to secure evidence of excited state charge separation and gather their kinetic parameters. The rate of charge separation was as high as 1011 s-1 suggesting efficient processes. These findings show that the present self-assembly approach could be utilized to build donor-acceptor constructs with powerful electron acceptors, TCBD and DCNQ, to witness ground and excited state charge transfer, fundamental events required in energy harvesting, and building optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manan Guragain
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Dilip Pinjari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Rajneesh Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Indore, 453552, India
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
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Ileperuma CV, Garcés-Garcés J, Shao S, Fernández-Lázaro F, Sastre-Santos Á, Karr PA, D'Souza F. Panchromatic Light-Capturing Bis-styryl BODIPY-Perylenediimide Donor-Acceptor Constructs: Occurrence of Sequential Energy Transfer Followed by Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301686. [PMID: 37428999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Two wide-band-capturing donor-acceptor conjugates featuring bis-styrylBODIPY and perylenediimide (PDI) have been newly synthesized, and the occurrence of ultrafast excitation transfer from the 1 PDI* to BODIPY, and a subsequent electron transfer from the 1 BODIPY* to PDI have been demonstrated. Optical absorption studies revealed panchromatic light capture but offered no evidence of ground-state interactions between the donor and acceptor entities. Steady-state fluorescence and excitation spectral recordings provided evidence of singlet-singlet energy transfer in these dyads, and quenched fluorescence of bis-styrylBODIPY emission in the dyads suggested additional photo-events. The facile oxidation of bis-styrylBODIPY and facile reduction of PDI, establishing their relative roles of electron donor and acceptor, were borne out by electrochemical studies. The electrostatic potential surfaces of the S1 and S2 states, derived from time-dependent DFT calculations, supported excited charge transfer in these dyads. Spectro-electrochemical studies on one-electron-oxidized and one-electron-reduced dyads and the monomeric precursor compounds were also performed in a thin-layer optical cell under corresponding applied potentials. From this study, both bis-styrylBODIPY⋅+ and PDI⋅- could be spectrally characterizes and were subsequently used in characterizing the electron-transfer products. Finally, pump-probe spectral studies were performed in dichlorobenzene under selective PDI and bis-styrylBODIPY excitation to secure energy and electron-transfer evidence. The measured rate constants for energy transfer, kENT , were in the range of 1011 s-1 , while the electron transfer rate constants, kET , were in the range of 1010 s-1 , thus highlighting their potential use in solar energy harvesting and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chamari V Ileperuma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas at Denton, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - José Garcés-Garcés
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203, Elche, Spain
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas at Denton, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
| | - Fernando Fernández-Lázaro
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203, Elche, Spain
| | - Ángela Sastre-Santos
- Área de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda. de la Universidad s/n, 03203, Elche, Spain
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska, 68787, USA
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas at Denton, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA
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Synthesis and photoinduced charge stabilization in molecular tetrads featuring covalently linked triphenylamine-oligothiophene-BODIPY-C60. J CHEM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01931-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Shokurov AV, Kutsybala DS, Kroitor AP, Dmitrienko AA, Martynov AG, Enakieva YY, Tsivadze AY, Selektor SL, Gorbunova YG. Spin Crossover in Nickel(II) Tetraphenylporphyrinate via Forced Axial Coordination at the Air/Water Interface. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144155. [PMID: 34299430 PMCID: PMC8305922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordination-induced spin crossover (CISCO) in nickel(II) porphyrinates is an intriguing phenomenon that is interesting from both fundamental and practical standpoints. However, in most cases, realization of this effect requires extensive synthetic protocols or extreme concentrations of extra-ligands. Herein we show that CISCO effect can be prompted for the commonly available nickel(II) tetraphenylporphyrinate, NiTPP, upon deposition of this complex at the air/water interface together with a ruthenium(II) phthalocyaninate, CRPcRu(pyz)2, bearing two axial pyrazine ligands. The latter was used as a molecular guiderail to align Ni···Ru···Ni metal centers for pyrazine coordination upon lateral compression of the system, which helps bring the two macrocycles closer together and forces the formation of Ni–pyz bonds. The fact of Ni(II) porphyrinate switching from low- to high-spin state upon acquiring additional ligands can be conveniently observed in situ via reflection-absorption UV-vis spectroscopy. The reversible nature of this interaction allows for dissociation of Ni–pyz bonds, and thus, change of nickel cation spin state, upon expansion of the monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Shokurov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.S.); (Y.G.G.)
| | - Daria S. Kutsybala
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Andrey P. Kroitor
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Alexander A. Dmitrienko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander G. Martynov
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Yulia Yu. Enakieva
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sofiya L. Selektor
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (D.S.K.); (A.P.K.); (A.G.M.); (Y.Y.E.); (A.Y.T.); (S.L.S.)
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.V.S.); (Y.G.G.)
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