1
|
Binhezaim A, Almutairi T, Alsaleem A, Albegamy A, Alsaadon S, Shaikh MS. Effect of light curing on the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride: A systematic review. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2024; 19:54-63. [PMID: 37868099 PMCID: PMC10589879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was aimed at comparing the performance of light-cured (LC) silver diamine fluoride (SDF) to non-LC SDF in dental applications, in terms of various properties. Methods Articles published until April 2023 were retrieved from electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct) according to Boolean operators, and the reference lists of the included articles were manually searched. The included articles were all full-text, original studies in English that assessed the effects of LC SDF compared with SDF alone. The risk of bias in the in vitro studies on dental materials was evaluated with the modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist. Results Six studies (five in vitro and one ex vivo) were included in qualitative analysis after a comprehensive manual search and electronic database search. Every study compared LC SDF versus non-LC SDF in terms of properties such as penetration depth, silver ion precipitation, dentine hardness, surface morphology and anti-bacterial characteristics. Four studies were categorised as low quality with a high risk of bias, whereas the remaining two studies were considered high quality with a low risk of bias. Conclusion In this investigation, LC SDF, compared with non-LC SDF, was found to be an efficacious approach for enhancing SDF properties. Future high-quality studies, particularly randomised clinical trials, remain necessary to verify these findings. Clinical significance The use of light curing with SDF can be a beneficial strategy that enhances SDF's clinical use. This review comparing various properties of LC SDF and non-LC SDF may help clinicians enhance clinical use and patient acceptance of LC SDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alhanouf Binhezaim
- Department of Pedodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Tahani Almutairi
- Department of Pedodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Afnan Alsaleem
- Department of Pedodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Aida Albegamy
- Department of Orthodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Sultana Alsaadon
- Department of Pedodontics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
| | - Muhammad Saad Shaikh
- Department of Oral Biology, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Elmallah S, Abdou A, Rizk A, Kusumasari C, Ashraf R. Effect of silver diamine fluoride activation on bond strength to root dentin. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:733. [PMID: 37814251 PMCID: PMC10561427 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the effect of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) application and activation on the bond strength of gutta-percha to dentin and resin bonded post to dentin. METHODS Thirty-six human premolar teeth were used. The coronal part tooth was removed, and endodontic mechanical preparation was performed for all the teeth. The teeth were divided according to final rinse protocol (n = 9) as follows: Control group; no SDF application, SDF/NA; 38% SDF as a final rinse with no activation, SDF/MDA; 38% SDF as a final rinse with manual dynamic activation and SDF/US; 38% SDF as a final rinse with ultrasonic activation. Root canal obturation using lateral condensation technique followed by fiber post insertion after 48 h in the root canal after corresponding preparations. The roots were cut with a low-speed precision saw creating 2 mm thickness sections. A total of 4 sections were obtained from each tooth, 2 coronal specimens (with post) and 2 apical specimens (with Gutta percha). Each specimen was subjected to push-out bond strength test with a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA. RESULTS The Push-out bond strength at the apical root section was significantly higher in SDF/MDA and SDF/US groups compared to control group. While for the coronal part, all SDF treated specimen showed reduced Push-out bond strength. CONCLUSION SDF application as final rinse may reduce the bonding performance between fiber post and dentine. Activation with manual and ultrasonic methods improved the bond strength at the apical root section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Elmallah
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Abdou
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Biomaterials Division, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur, South Sinai, Egypt.
- Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq.
| | - Amr Rizk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Fixed Prosthodontics Division, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Citra Kusumasari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Reem Ashraf
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Biomaterials Division, Faculty of Dentistry, King Salman International University, El Tur, South Sinai, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Silver Diamine Fluoride against Enterococcus faecalis: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6544292. [PMID: 36567909 PMCID: PMC9788898 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6544292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Introduction/Objectives. Enterococcus faecalis has been implicated in infections of treated root canals. Current irrigants and intracanal medicaments cannot eliminate E. faecalis completely from the root canal. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) prevents caries by promoting remineralization and exerting an antibacterial effect. Studies suggest that SDF may possess antibacterial properties against E. faecalis. The purpose of this review is to systematically and critically analyze the literature, focusing on the use of SDF as an intracanal medicament or irrigant, when compared to other antibacterial agents. Data/Sources. The focused question was "Is the antibacterial effect of SDF against E. faecalis better than other intracanal medicaments and irrigants?" Using the keywords ((silver diamine fluoride) AND (Enterococcus faecalis)) AND ((sodium hypochlorite) OR (NaOCl) OR (chlorhexidine) OR (calcium hydroxide) OR (Ca(OH)2)), an electronic search was conducted on the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. The clinical trial registers ClinicalTrials.gov and CONTROL were also searched using the same keywords. General characteristics and outcomes were extracted, and quality of the studies was assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Laboratory studies in Endodontology (PRILE) guidelines. Study Selection. Six articles (five in vitro studies and one ex vivo study) were included in this systematic review. In the majority of the studies, SDF had equal or better antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis compared to calcium hydroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorhexidine. However, the majority of the studies did not fulfill several items in the PRILE criteria and had numerous sources of bias. Conclusions. Within the limitations of the systematic review and the studies reviewed, SDF may be effective against E. faecalis and therefore could be used as an intracanal medicament and/or irrigant to prevent reinfections of the root canals and improve the outcomes of endodontic treatment. However, animal and clinical studies should be carried out to determine the efficacy of SDF in endodontics. Trial Registration. The protocol for this review was registered on PROSPERO. Registration number: CRD42021224741.
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Sun S, Wen C, Zhong J, Jiang Q. Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35804353 PMCID: PMC9264677 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wilson J, Swanbeck S, Banning G, Alhwayek T, Sullivan V, Howard KM, Kingsley K. Assessment of Sodium Diamine Fluoride (SDF) with Light Curing Technique: A Pilot Study of Antimicrobial Effects. Methods Protoc 2022; 5:31. [PMID: 35448696 PMCID: PMC9033077 DOI: 10.3390/mps5020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been useful in clinical dentistry for the purpose of caries arrest and prevention. Although methods for the application of SDF are well-known among dental professionals, such as microbrush applications, few studies have explored the effect of light curing, which accelerates precipitation onto dentin, and whether this has any effect on the antimicrobial properties of SDF. To assess this technique, single (Streptococcus gordonii) and polymicrobial (mixed salivary) colonies were grown and plated using SDF applied to hydroxyapatite discs with and without treatment with curing light. Kirby-Bauer Zone of Inhibition assay results revealed no significant differences in the areas between the two treatment groups (SDF: 1.27 mm, SDF plus curing light: 1.25 mm), p = 0.887 in the single culture (S. gordonii) experiments. In addition, no significant differences were found between the two treatment groups (SDF: 1.26 mm, SDF plus curing light: 1.24 mm), p = 0.771 in the polymicrobial culture experiments. Although there may be specific properties associated with SDF induced following light curing, these differences do not appear to be associated with the antimicrobial properties affecting gram-positive or polymicrobial films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Wilson
- Department of Advanced Education in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W, Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (J.W.); (V.S.)
| | - Sarah Swanbeck
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W, Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (S.S.); (G.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Gavin Banning
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W, Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (S.S.); (G.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Tatiana Alhwayek
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W, Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (S.S.); (G.B.); (T.A.)
| | - Victoria Sullivan
- Department of Advanced Education in Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1700 W, Charleston Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA; (J.W.); (V.S.)
| | - Katherine M. Howard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA;
| | - Karl Kingsley
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, 1001 Shadow Lane Boulevard, Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Minavi B, Youssefi A, Quock R, Letra A, Silva R, Kirkpatrick TC, Tribble G, van der Hoeven R. Evaluating the substantivity of silver diamine fluoride in a dentin model. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:628-633. [PMID: 33291186 PMCID: PMC8404506 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The goal of endodontic therapy is to prevent apical periodontitis. This is achieved by biomechanical preparation, microbial control using endodontic irrigants, and complete obturation of the canal space. In order to prevent possible post‐obturation complications and for an added antimicrobial effect, substantivity is a desired characteristic of endodontic irrigants. Currently the most commonly used endodontic irrigant that produces an antibacterial substantivity effect is chlorohexidine (CHX). Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is a topically applied agent for managing dental caries and has shown to stop caries lesion progression. The objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial substantivity effect of 3.8% SDF against other commonly used endodontic irrigants such as 2% CHX and 6.25% Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Material and methods Using a diffusion disc assay we determined the antimicrobial activities of 38%, 3.8%, 0.38%, and 0.038% of SDF against the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. Subsequently, we compared the levels of colonization of E. faecalis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) at 1.5‐ and 3‐week time intervals on dentin pretreated with 3.8% SDF, 6.25% NaOCl, 2% CHX or sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Results The diffusion disc assay demonstrated that 38% and 3.8% of SDF inhibited the growth of E. faecalis. Moreover, the substantivity of 3.8% SDF (p < 0.01) was comparable to 2% CHX (p < 0.01) and it is significantly greater than 6.25% of NaOCl compared to the PBS treated samples after 1.5 and 3 weeks of incubation. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that SDF possesses antimicrobial properties against the opportunistic pathogen E. faecalis. Moreover, using a dentin model we show the substantivity of 3.8% SDF is significantly greater than 6.25% NaOCl, but is comparable to 2% CHX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Minavi
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Adam Youssefi
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ryan Quock
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Renato Silva
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy C Kirkpatrick
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gena Tribble
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ransome van der Hoeven
- Department of Endodontics, University of Texas Health Science Center, School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|