Dental and general injuries among ski and snowboard instructors in Switzerland, Germany, and Austria-A questionnaire-based study

Knowledge of traumatic dental injuries and mouthguard behavior among Croatian soccer players

OBJECTIVES/AIM

Sports-related dental injuries occur frequently among athletes due to inadequate knowledge and prevention measures. The aim of the study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of active soccer players from all leagues in Croatia regarding traumatic dental injuries and the use of mouthguards.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

393 respondents completed a questionnaire-based online survey from March 2022 to April 2022. The questionnaire consisted of 37 questions divided in four sections: demographic characteristics, experience with orofacial injuries, knowledge of emergency therapeutic procedures for dental injuries, and behaviors related to the use of a mouthguard.

RESULTS

Insufficient knowledge was confirmed by a total score of 2.8 ± 2.8 points, with a possible maximum of 11. Respondents' better knowledge can be associated with educational level (p = .002), playing position (p = .046), and personally experienced injuries to the face and jaw (p ≤ .001) and teeth (p = .022). Less than 40% of respondents suffered facial and jaw injuries while playing football and 18.6% suffered dental injuries. Although most respondents (93.9%) were familiar with mouthguards and 68.9% believed that they help prevent injuries while playing football, only 16% used them.

CONCLUSION

The study revealed significant gaps in knowledge regarding dental injuries and the practice of mouthguard usage among Croatian soccer players. Therefore, it is evident that additional education is needed to prevent dental injuries and take proper procedures when taking care of them among the examined population.

General and dental injuries sustained at concerts: A questionnaire-based study

BACKGROUND/AIM

Evidence on the risk of injury at concerts is scant. The aim of this study was to collect data on general and dental injuries incurred by concertgoers in Switzerland and to investigate whether the frequency of accidents was related to music genre, gender and consumption of alcohol.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study comprising 451 concertgoers in Switzerland was conducted on the timeframe January 2019 to February 2021. The survey gathered data on general and dental injuries, alcohol consumption and drug use. The statistical analysis included Fisher's exact tests, chi-squared tests, rank sum tests and logistic regressions (α = .05).

RESULTS

There were 28.8% of respondents who reported an injury incurred at a concert. Contusion was the most prevalent injury, accounting for 33.8% of all injuries. Legs were the most commonly injured body part (34.6%). Injuries to their mouth/lips/teeth were reported by 17.7% of respondents. Dental injuries, accounting for 4.6% of all reported injuries, comprised four tooth fractures, one lateral luxation and one avulsion. The risk of injury while attending punk rock concerts was 8.6 times higher than for pop concerts (p < .001). In comparison with pop concerts, metal and rock concerts had an increased risk of injury by factors of 5.1 and 2.3, respectively (p ≤ .029). Neither gender nor drug use had a significant effect on the injury risk (p ≥ .3). Heavy alcohol consumption (>5 standard glasses) increased the risk of injury by a factor of 2.3 (p = .028).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that concert attendees at rock, metal and punk concerts face an increased risk of injury, which is likely due to the frequency of aggressive dance styles such as moshing. Heavy alcohol consumption leads to a greater risk of injury at concerts.

Research on Application Experience Design of Ice and Snow Sports Equipment Based on Bee Colony Model

Sports equipment is the key to the smooth development of ice and snow sports. With the rapid development of social economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for ice and snow sports equipment is increasing day by day. This article presents an improved method based on the chaos theory and the bee colony algorithm to quantify the application experience design of ice and snow sports equipment and reduce the influence of uncertain factors on the design results. First, the chaos theory can establish the dataset of application experience design and analyze the discreteness of the set. According to the bee colony algorithm, the dataset is divided into several groups, and each group obtains the best application experience design by using the design optimization strategy. Finally, the results are mixed to obtain the final experience design results. Through MATLAB simulation analysis and verification, the improved bee colony model can improve the accuracy of application experience design of ice and snow sports equipment in an uncertain environment, shorten the overall design time, and meet the requirements of application experience design of different ice and snow sports equipment. Therefore, the model proposed in this paper is suitable for the application experience design of ice and snow sports equipment.