1
|
Dinas PC, Karaventza M, Liakou C, Georgakouli K, Bogdanos D, Metsios GS. Combined Effects of Physical Activity and Diet on Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2024; 16:1749. [PMID: 38892682 PMCID: PMC11175154 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of our systematic review was to examine the effects of any physical activity/exercise intervention combined with any diet/nutrition intervention on any biological/biochemical index, quality of life (QoL), and depression in breast, lung, colon and rectum, prostate, stomach, and liver cancer patients and/or cancer survivors. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken, using PRISMA guidelines and the Cochrane Handbook. The systematic review protocol can be found in the PROSPERO database; registration number: CRD42023481429. RESULTS We found moderate-quality evidence that a combined intervention of physical activity/exercise and nutrition/diet reduced body mass index, body weight, fat mass, insulin, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, triglycerides, and depression, while it increased high-density lipoprotein, the physical component of QoL, and general functional assessment of cancer therapy. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that a combined intervention of physical activity/exercise and diet/nutrition may decrease body weight, fat mass, insulin levels, and inflammation, and improve lipidemic profile, the physical component of QoL, and depression in cancer patients and survivors. These outcomes indicate a lower risk for carcinogenesis; however, their applicability depends on the heterogeneity of the population and interventions, as well as the potential medical treatment of cancer patients and survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece; (on behalf of the Students of Module 5104 (Introduction to Systematic Reviews)); (M.K.); (K.G.); (G.S.M.)
- FAME Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42131 Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Marianthi Karaventza
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece; (on behalf of the Students of Module 5104 (Introduction to Systematic Reviews)); (M.K.); (K.G.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Christina Liakou
- School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42131 Trikala, Greece;
| | - Kalliopi Georgakouli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece; (on behalf of the Students of Module 5104 (Introduction to Systematic Reviews)); (M.K.); (K.G.); (G.S.M.)
| | - Dimitrios Bogdanos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece;
| | - George S. Metsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece; (on behalf of the Students of Module 5104 (Introduction to Systematic Reviews)); (M.K.); (K.G.); (G.S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Garcia MB, Schadler KL, Chandra J, Clinton SK, Courneya KS, Cruz-Monserrate Z, Daniel CR, Dannenberg AJ, Demark-Wahnefried W, Dewhirst MW, Fabian CJ, Hursting SD, Irwin ML, Iyengar NM, McQuade JL, Schmitz KH, Basen-Engquist K. Translating energy balance research from the bench to the clinic to the community: Parallel animal-human studies in cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 2023; 73:425-442. [PMID: 36825928 PMCID: PMC11225601 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in energy balance and cancer research to date have largely occurred in siloed work in rodents or patients. However, substantial benefit can be derived from parallel studies in which animal models inform the design of clinical and population studies or in which clinical observations become the basis for animal studies. The conference Translating Energy Balance from Bench to Communities: Application of Parallel Animal-Human Studies in Cancer, held in July 2021, convened investigators from basic, translational/clinical, and population science research to share knowledge, examples of successful parallel studies, and strong research to move the field of energy balance and cancer toward practice changes. This review summarizes key topics discussed to advance research on the role of energy balance, including physical activity, body composition, and dietary intake, on cancer development, cancer outcomes, and healthy survivorship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam B. Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keri L. Schadler
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TexasHouston, USA
| | - Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatrics-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TexasHouston, USA
| | - Steven K. Clinton
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kerry S. Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Carrie R. Daniel
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Wendy Demark-Wahnefried
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mark W. Dewhirst
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Carol J. Fabian
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Westwood, Kansas, USA
| | - Stephen D. Hursting
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melinda L. Irwin
- Department of Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Neil M. Iyengar
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L. McQuade
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kathryn H. Schmitz
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karen Basen-Engquist
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
The Beneficial Effect of a Healthy Dietary Pattern on Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Related Metabolic Abnormalities in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100969. [PMID: 36295871 PMCID: PMC9611951 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities as side effects of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) can accelerate progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and increase risks of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy dietary pattern (DP) plays an important role in regulating glycolipid metabolism, while evidence about DP on ADT-related metabolic abnormalities is still controversial. To explore the effect of DP on metabolic outcomes in PCa patients with ADT, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 10 September 2022. Risk of biases was evaluated through Cochrane Collaboration’s Tool. If heterogeneity was low, the fixed-effects model was carried out; otherwise, the random-effects model was used. Data were determined by calculating mean difference (MD) or standardized MD (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Nine studies involving 421 patients were included. The results showed that healthy DP significantly improved glycated hemoglobin (MD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.24, −0.02; p = 0.020), body mass index (MD: −1.02; 95% CI: −1.29, −0.75; p < 0.001), body fat mass (MD: −1.78; 95% CI: −2.58, −0.97; p < 0.001), triglyceride (MD: −0.28; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.04; p = 0.020), systolic blood pressure (MD: −6.30; 95% CI: −11.15, −1.44; p = 0.010), and diastolic blood pressure (MD: −2.94; 95% CI: −5.63, −0.25; p = 0.030), although its beneficial effects on other glycolipid metabolic indicators were not found. Additionally, a healthy DP also lowered the level of PSA (MD: −1.79; 95% CI: −2.25, −1.33; p < 0.001). The meta-analysis demonstrated that a healthy DP could improve ADT-related metabolic abnormalities and be worthy of being recommended for PCa patients with ADT.
Collapse
|
4
|
Umlauff L, Weber M, Freitag N, Fairman CM, Heidenreich A, Bloch W, Schumann M. Dietary interventions to improve body composition in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer: a solution for the growing problem? Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022; 25:149-158. [PMID: 34193946 PMCID: PMC9184277 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00411-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has adverse effects on body composition, including muscle wasting and body fat accumulation, which may be attenuated by nutrition therapy. This systematic review summarises available evidence on the effects of dietary interventions on lean mass, fat mass and body mass index (BMI) in men treated with ADT for prostate cancer. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.org were searched from inception through December 2020. We included all controlled trials evaluating effects of supplementation or dietary interventions on body composition in men with prostate cancer receiving continuous ADT. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model to calculate standardised mean differences between intervention and comparator groups. (PROSPERO; CRD42020185777). RESULTS Eleven studies (n = 536 participants) were included. Seven studies investigated the effects of dietary advice interventions, e.g. individual or group counselling, and four studies included a nutritional supplement. Eight studies combined the dietary intervention with exercise. Nine studies reported sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Dietary advice and supplementation interventions combined were not associated with significant changes in lean mass (0.05 kg; 95% CI: -0.17, 0.26; p = 0.674; n = 355), fat mass (-0.22 kg; 95% CI: -0.45, 0.01; p = 0.064; n = 336) or BMI (-0.16 kg*m-2; 95% CI: -0.37, 0.04; p = 0.121; n = 399). Dietary advice interventions alone were associated with a significant fat mass reduction (-0.29 kg; 95% CI: -0.54, -0.03; p = 0.028; n = 266). CONCLUSIONS Most studies were dietary advice interventions targeting caloric restriction, which showed the potential to reduce fat mass but did not increase lean mass in men treated with ADT. Future interventions should investigate whether a combination of dietary advice and protein supplementation with concomitant resistance exercise could counteract ADT-induced muscle wasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Umlauff
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Weber
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nils Freitag
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Olympic Training Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ciaran M Fairman
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Axel Heidenreich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Moritz Schumann
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|