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Guwela VF, Maliro MF, Broadley MR, Hawkesford MJ, Bokosi JM, Grewal S, Coombes B, Hall A, Yang C, Banda M, Wilson L, King J. The 4T and 7T introgressions from Amblyopyrum muticum and the 5A u introgression from Triticum urartu increases grain zinc and iron concentrations in Malawian wheat backgrounds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1346046. [PMID: 39086916 PMCID: PMC11289773 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1346046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) particularly zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) remain widespread in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) due to low dietary intake. Wheat is an important source of energy globally, although cultivated wheat is inherently low in grain micronutrient concentrations. Malawian wheat/Am. muticum and Malawian wheat/T. urartu BC1F3 introgression lines, developed by crossing three Malawian wheat varieties (Kenya nyati, Nduna and Kadzibonga) with DH-348 (wheat/Am. muticum) and DH-254 (wheat/T. urartu), were phenotyped for grain Zn and Fe, and associated agronomic traits in Zn-deficient soils, in Malawi. 98% (47) of the BC1F3 introgression lines showed higher Zn above the checks Paragon, Chinese Spring, Kadzibonga, Kenya Nyati and Nduna. 23% (11) of the introgression lines showed a combination of high yields and an increase in grain Zn by 16-30 mg kg -1 above Nduna and Kadzibonga, and 11-25 mg kg -1 above Kenya nyati, Paragon and Chinese Spring. Among the 23%, 64% (7) also showed 8-12 mg kg -1 improvement in grain Fe compared to Nduna and Kenya nyati. Grain Zn concentrations showed a significant positive correlation with grain Fe, whilst grain Zn and Fe negatively and significantly correlated with TKW and grain yield. This work will contribute to the efforts of increasing mineral nutrient density in wheat, specifically targeting countries in the SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica F. Guwela
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Moses F. Maliro
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Martin R. Broadley
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom
| | | | - James M. Bokosi
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Surbhi Grewal
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Benedict Coombes
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Hall
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Caiyun Yang
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Banda
- Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Lolita Wilson
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Julie King
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Coombes B, Fellers JP, Grewal S, Rusholme‐Pilcher R, Hubbart‐Edwards S, Yang C, Joynson R, King IP, King J, Hall A. Whole-genome sequencing uncovers the structural and transcriptomic landscape of hexaploid wheat/Ambylopyrum muticum introgression lines. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:482-496. [PMID: 35598169 PMCID: PMC9946142 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is a globally vital crop, but its limited genetic variation creates a challenge for breeders aiming to maintain or accelerate agricultural improvements over time. Introducing novel genes and alleles from wheat's wild relatives into the wheat breeding pool via introgression lines is an important component of overcoming this low variation but is constrained by poor genomic resolution and limited understanding of the genomic impact of introgression breeding programmes. By sequencing 17 hexaploid wheat/Ambylopyrum muticum introgression lines and the parent lines, we have precisely pinpointed the borders of introgressed segments, most of which occur within genes. We report a genome assembly and annotation of Am. muticum that has facilitated the identification of Am. muticum resistance genes commonly introgressed in lines resistant to stripe rust. Our analysis has identified an abundance of structural disruption and homoeologous pairing across the introgression lines, likely caused by the suppressed Ph1 locus. mRNAseq analysis of six of these introgression lines revealed that novel introgressed genes are rarely expressed and those that directly replace a wheat orthologue have a tendency towards downregulation, with no discernible compensation in the expression of homoeologous copies. This study explores the genomic impact of introgression breeding and provides a schematic that can be followed to characterize introgression lines and identify segments and candidate genes underlying the phenotype. This will facilitate more effective utilization of introgression pre-breeding material in wheat breeding programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John P. Fellers
- USDA–ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKansas66506USA
| | - Surbhi Grewal
- School of BiosciencesThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LoughboroughLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | | | - Stella Hubbart‐Edwards
- School of BiosciencesThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LoughboroughLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | - Cai‐yun Yang
- School of BiosciencesThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LoughboroughLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | | | - Ian P. King
- School of BiosciencesThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LoughboroughLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
| | - Julie King
- School of BiosciencesThe University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, LoughboroughLeicestershireLE12 5RDUK
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