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Kashitani Y, Nakamura Y, Asada C. Pressurized microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment with various salts for efficient production of monosaccharides from rice straw. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142660. [PMID: 38901700 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
This study proposed a two-stage pressurized microwave hydrothermal treatment with a catalyst, followed by enzymatic saccharification, as a pretreatment method for efficiently converting cellulose and hemicellulose from rice straw into glucose and xylose. The use of various inorganic salts and dilute sulfuric acid as catalysts enhances sugar production. Using 1 wt% sulfuric acid as a catalyst at 150 °C for 5 min for the first-stage and then 180 °C for 5 min for the second-stage yielded the highest sugar production from rice straw compared with other inorganic salts tested. The filtrate and enzymatic saccharification solution contained a total sugar of 0.434 g/g-untreated rice straw (i.e. 0.302 g-glucose/g-untreated rice straw and 0.132 g-xylose/g-untreated rice straw). When inorganic salts such as NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, and FeCl3 were used as catalysts, the highest sugar yield of 0.414 g/g-untreated rice straw (i.e. 0.310 g-glucose/g-untreated rice straw and 0.104 g-xylose/g-untreated rice straw) was obtained when using 1 wt% FeCl3 at 170 °C for 5 min in the first-stage and 190 °C for 5 min in the second-stage, with a value close to that of 1 wt% sulfuric acid. These findings suggest that two-stage treatment with a catalyst is a suitable pretreatment method for the production of glucose and xylose from rice straw owing to the different hydrolysis temperatures of cellulose and hemicellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kashitani
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima- cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Nakamura
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima- cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan; Department of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima- cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.
| | - Chikako Asada
- Department of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijosanjima- cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.
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Luo Y, Li Z, Li X, Liu X, Fan J, Clark JH, Hu C. The production of furfural directly from hemicellulose in lignocellulosic biomass: A review. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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He T, Jiang Z, Wu P, Yi J, Li J, Hu C. Fractionation for further conversion: from raw corn stover to lactic acid. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38623. [PMID: 27917955 PMCID: PMC5137029 DOI: 10.1038/srep38623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fractionation is considered to be one promising strategy to utilize raw biomass to its fullest and produce chemicals with high selectivity. Herein, ethanol/H2O (1/1, v/v) co-solvent with 0.050 M oxalic acid is used to simultaneously fractionate 88.0 wt% of hemicellulose and 89.2 wt% of lignin in corn stover, while cellulose is not obviously degraded. H2O dissolves hemicellulose, G unit and those with β-O-4 linkage of lignin; whereas ethanol extracts G and S units as well as the skeleton with β-5 and β-β linkages of lignin. Oxalic acid effectively catalyzes the hydrolysis of hemicellulose and breaks the intermolecular linkages between hemicellulose and lignin, therefore further promotes the release of lignin. The dissolved hemicelluloses derivatives are reprocessed to produce lactic acid obtaining a high yield of 79.6 wt% with 90% selectivity by the catalysis of MgO. The remained cellulose and recovered lignin can be used further as feedstock to produce chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Zhicheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jian Yi
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jianmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan university, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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Penkina A, Semjonov K, Hakola M, Vuorinen S, Repo T, Yliruusi J, Aruväli J, Kogermann K, Veski P, Heinämäki J. Towards improved solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs: cryogenic co-grinding of piroxicam with carrier polymers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:378-88. [PMID: 26065533 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1054400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (SDs) open up exciting opportunities in formulating poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). In the present study, novel catalytic pretreated softwood cellulose (CPSC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were investigated as carrier polymers for preparing and stabilizing cryogenic co-ground SDs of poorly water-soluble piroxicam (PRX). CPSC was isolated from pine wood (Pinus sylvestris). Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for characterizing the solid-state changes and drug-polymer interactions. High-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the particle size and surface morphology of starting materials and final cryogenic co-ground SDs. In addition, the molecular aspects of drug-polymer interactions and stabilization mechanisms are presented. The results showed that the carrier polymer influenced both the degree of amorphization of PRX and stabilization against crystallization. The cryogenic co-ground SDs prepared from PVP showed an enhanced dissolution rate of PRX, while the corresponding SDs prepared from CPSC exhibited a clear sustained release behavior. In conclusion, cryogenic co-grinding provides a versatile method for preparing amorphous SDs of poorly water-soluble APIs. The solid-state stability and dissolution behavior of such co-ground SDs are to a great extent dependent on the carrier polymer used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Penkina
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Kristian Semjonov
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Maija Hakola
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Sirpa Vuorinen
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Timo Repo
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki, Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Jouko Yliruusi
- c Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland , and
| | - Jaan Aruväli
- d Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Karin Kogermann
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Peep Veski
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
| | - Jyrki Heinämäki
- a Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine , University of Tartu , Tartu , Estonia
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Dehghan M, Motaharinejad A, Saadat M, Ahdenov R, Babazadeh M, Hosseinzadeh-Khanmiri R. Novel approach to synthesizing polymer-functionalized Fe3O4/SiO2–NH2via an ultrasound-assisted method for catalytic selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones in a DMSO/water mixture. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19093b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A Fe3O4/SiO2/PATL/MnO2 core/shell nanocomposite was synthesized via an ultrasound-assisted method and its catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones was evaluated .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Dehghan
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Razi University
- Iran
| | - Atieh Motaharinejad
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Kashan University
- Kashan
- Iran
| | - Mostafa Saadat
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Urmia University
- Urmia 57154
- Iran
| | - Reza Ahdenov
- Department of Chemistry
- Tabriz Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Tabriz
- Iran
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Li Z, Bansal N, Azarpira A, Bhalla A, Chen CH, Ralph J, Hegg EL, Hodge DB. Chemical and structural changes associated with Cu-catalyzed alkaline-oxidative delignification of hybrid poplar. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:123. [PMID: 26300970 PMCID: PMC4546027 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment catalyzed by Cu(II) 2,2'-bipyridine complexes has previously been determined to substantially improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of woody plants including hybrid poplar as a consequence of moderate delignification. In the present work, cell wall morphological and lignin structural changes were characterized for this pretreatment approach to gain insights into pretreatment outcomes and, specifically, to identify the extent and nature of lignin modification. RESULTS Through TEM imaging, this catalytic oxidation process was shown to disrupt cell wall layers in hybrid poplar. Cu-containing nanoparticles, primarily in the Cu(I) oxidation state, co-localized with the disrupted regions, providing indirect evidence of catalytic activity whereby soluble Cu(II) complexes are reduced and precipitated during pretreatment. The concentration of alkali-soluble polymeric and oligomeric lignin was substantially higher for the Cu-catalyzed oxidative pretreatment. This alkali-soluble lignin content increased with time during the catalytic oxidation process, although the molecular weight distributions were unaltered. Yields of aromatic monomers (including phenolic acids and aldehydes) were found to be less than 0.2 % (wt/wt) on lignin. Oxidation of the benzylic alcohol in the lignin side-chain was evident in NMR spectra of the solubilized lignin, whereas minimal changes were observed for the pretreatment-insoluble lignin. CONCLUSIONS These results provide indirect evidence for catalytic activity within the cell wall. The low yields of lignin-derived aromatic monomers, together with the detailed characterization of the pretreatment-soluble and pretreatment-insoluble lignins, indicate that the majority of both lignin pools remained relatively unmodified. As such, the lignins resulting from this process retain features closely resembling native lignins and may, therefore, be amenable to subsequent valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglun Li
- />Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />College of Agricultural Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Namita Bansal
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Ali Azarpira
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Aditya Bhalla
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Charles H Chen
- />Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - John Ralph
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
- />Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Eric L Hegg
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - David B Hodge
- />Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />DOE-Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
- />Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, WI USA
- />Division of Sustainable Process Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Penkina A, Antikainen O, Hakola M, Vuorinen S, Repo T, Yliruusi J, Veski P, Kogermann K, Heinämäki J. Direct compression of cellulose and lignin isolated by a new catalytic treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:1129-36. [PMID: 23867979 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tablet compression of softwood cellulose and lignin prepared by a new catalytic oxidation and acid precipitation method were investigated and compared with the established pharmaceutical direct compression excipients. Catalytic pretreated softwood cellulose (CPSC) and lignin (CPSL) were isolated from pine wood (Pinus sylvestris). The compaction studies were carried out with an instrumented eccentric tablet machine. The plasticity and elasticity of the materials under compression were evaluated using force-displacement treatment and by determining characteristic plasticity (PF) and elasticity (EF) factors. With all biomaterials studied, the PF under compression decreased exponentially as the compression force increased. The compression force applied in tablet compression did not significantly affect the elasticity of CPSC and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) while the EF values for softwood lignins increased as compression force increased. CPSL was clearly a less plastically deforming and less compactable material than the two celluloses (CPSC and MCC) and hardwood lignin. CPSL presented deformation and compaction behaviour almost identical to that of lactose monohydrate. In conclusion, the direct tablet compression behaviour of native lignins and celluloses can greatly differ from each other depending on the source and isolation method used.
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Li Z, Chen CH, Hegg EL, Hodge DB. Rapid and effective oxidative pretreatment of woody biomass at mild reaction conditions and low oxidant loadings. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2013; 6:119. [PMID: 23971902 PMCID: PMC3765420 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-6-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND One route for producing cellulosic biofuels is by the fermentation of lignocellulose-derived sugars generated from a pretreatment that can be effectively coupled with an enzymatic hydrolysis of the plant cell wall. While woody biomass exhibits a number of positive agronomic and logistical attributes, these feedstocks are significantly more recalcitrant to chemical pretreatments than herbaceous feedstocks, requiring higher chemical and energy inputs to achieve high sugar yields from enzymatic hydrolysis. We previously discovered that alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP) pretreatment catalyzed by copper(II) 2,2΄-bipyridine complexes significantly improves subsequent enzymatic glucose and xylose release from hybrid poplar heartwood and sapwood relative to uncatalyzed AHP pretreatment at modest reaction conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure). In the present work, the reaction conditions for this catalyzed AHP pretreatment were investigated in more detail with the aim of better characterizing the relationship between pretreatment conditions and subsequent enzymatic sugar release. RESULTS We found that for a wide range of pretreatment conditions, the catalyzed pretreatment resulted in significantly higher glucose and xylose enzymatic hydrolysis yields (as high as 80% for both glucose and xylose) relative to uncatalyzed pretreatment (up to 40% for glucose and 50% for xylose). We identified that the extent of improvement in glucan and xylan yield using this catalyzed pretreatment approach was a function of pretreatment conditions that included H2O2 loading on biomass, catalyst concentration, solids concentration, and pretreatment duration. Based on these results, several important improvements in pretreatment and hydrolysis conditions were identified that may have a positive economic impact for a process employing a catalyzed oxidative pretreatment. These improvements include identifying that: (1) substantially lower H2O2 loadings can be used that may result in up to a 50-65% decrease in H2O2 application (from 100 mg H2O2/g biomass to 35-50 mg/g) with only minor losses in glucose and xylose yield, (2) a 60% decrease in the catalyst concentration from 5.0 mM to 2.0 mM (corresponding to a catalyst loading of 25 μmol/g biomass to 10 μmol/g biomass) can be achieved without a subsequent loss in glucose yield, (3) an order of magnitude improvement in the time required for pretreatment (minutes versus hours or days) can be realized using the catalyzed pretreatment approach, and (4) enzyme dosage can be reduced to less than 30 mg protein/g glucan and potentially further with only minor losses in glucose and xylose yields. In addition, we established that the reaction rate is improved in both catalyzed and uncatalyzed AHP pretreatment by increased solids concentrations. CONCLUSIONS This work explored the relationship between reaction conditions impacting a catalyzed oxidative pretreatment of woody biomass and identified that significant decreases in the H2O2, catalyst, and enzyme loading on the biomass as well as decreases in the pretreatment time could be realized with only minor losses in the subsequent sugar released enzymatically. Together these changes would have positive implications for the economics of a process based on this pretreatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Charles H Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Eric L Hegg
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - David B Hodge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Department of Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
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Wang A, Zhang T. One-pot conversion of cellulose to ethylene glycol with multifunctional tungsten-based catalysts. Acc Chem Res 2013; 46:1377-86. [PMID: 23421609 DOI: 10.1021/ar3002156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
With diminishing fossil resources and increasing concerns about environmental issues, searching for alternative fuels has gained interest in recent years. Cellulose, as the most abundant nonfood biomass on earth, is a promising renewable feedstock for production of fuels and chemicals. In principle, the ample hydroxyl groups in the structure of cellulose make it an ideal feedstock for the production of industrially important polyols such as ethylene glycol (EG), according to the atom economy rule. However, effectively depolymerizing cellulose under mild conditions presents a challenge, due to the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonding network. In addition, control of product selectivity is complicated by the thermal instabilities of cellulose-derived sugars. A one-pot catalytic process that combines hydrolysis of cellulose and hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis of cellulose-derived sugars proves to be an efficient way toward the selective production of polyols from cellulose. In this Account, we describe our efforts toward the one-pot catalytic conversion of cellulose to EG, a typical petroleum-dependent bulk chemical widely applied in the polyester industry whose annual consumption reaches about 20 million metric tons. This reaction opens a novel route for the sustainable production of bulk chemicals from biomass and will greatly decrease the dependence on petroleum resources and the associated CO₂ emission. It has attracted much attention from both industrial and academic societies since we first described the reaction in 2008. The mechanism involves a cascade reaction. First, acid catalyzes the hydrolysis of cellulose to water-soluble oligosaccharides and glucose (R1). Then, oligosaccharides and glucose undergo C-C bond cleavage to form glycolaldehyde with catalysis of tungsten species (R2). Finally, hydrogenation of glycolaldehyde by a transition metal catalyst produces the end product EG (R3). Due to the instabilities of glycolaldehyde and cellulose-derived sugars, the reaction rates should be r₁ << r₂ << r₃ in order to achieve a high yield of EG. Tuning the molar ratio of tungsten to transition metal and changing the reaction temperature successfully optimizes this reaction. No matter what tungsten compounds are used in the beginning reaction, tungsten bronze (HxWO₃) is always formed. It is then partially dissolved in hot water and acts as the active species to homogeneously catalyze C-C bond cleavage of cellulose-derived sugars. Upon cooling and exposure to air, the dissolved HxWO₃ is transformed to insoluble tungsten acid and precipitated from the solution to facilitate the separation and recovery of the catalyst. On the basis of this temperature-dependent phase-transfer behavior, we have developed a highly active, selective, and reusable catalyst composed of tungsten acid and Ru/C. Our work has unearthed new understanding of this reaction, including how different catalysts perform and the underlying mechanism. It has also guided researchers to the rational design of catalysts for other reactions involved in cellulose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Kallioinen A, Hakola M, Riekkola T, Repo T, Leskelä M, von Weymarn N, Siika-aho M. A novel alkaline oxidation pretreatment for spruce, birch and sugar cane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:414-420. [PMID: 23711947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline oxidation pretreatment was developed for spruce, birch and sugar cane bagasse. The reaction was carried out in alkaline water solution under 10 bar oxygen pressure and at mild reaction temperature of 120-140°C. Most of the lignin was solubilised by the alkaline oxidation pretreatment and an easily hydrolysable carbohydrate fraction was obtained. After 72 h hydrolysis with a 10 FPU/g enzyme dosage, glucose yields of 80%, 91%, and 97%, for spruce, birch and bagasse, respectively, were achieved. The enzyme dosage could be decreased to 4 FPU/g without a major effect in terms of the hydrolysis performance. Compared to steam explosion alkaline oxidation was found to be significantly better in the conditions tested, especially for the pretreatment of spruce. In hydrolysis and fermentation at 12% d.m. consistency an ethanol yield of 80% could be obtained with both bagasse and spruce in 1-3 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kallioinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
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Hakola M, Kallioinen A, Leskelä M, Repo T. From hazardous waste to valuable raw material: hydrolysis of CCA-treated wood for the production of chemicals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:813-815. [PMID: 23554264 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Solid wood, metal finnish: Instead of burning waste wood treated with chromated copper arsenite (CCA) or disposing of it in landfills, the CCA-treated wood can be used as a raw material for the production of chemicals. Catalytic or alkaline oxidation together with very mild sulfuric acid extraction produces an easily enzymatically hydrolyzable material. Usage as a raw material for the chemical industry in this manner demonstrates a sustainable and value-added waste management process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maija Hakola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Kuo IJ, Suzuki N, Yamauchi Y, Wu KCW. Cellulose-to-HMF conversion using crystalline mesoporous titania and zirconia nanocatalysts in ionic liquid systems. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21805d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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13
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Li Z, Chen CH, Liu T, Mathrubootham V, Hegg EL, Hodge DB. Catalysis with CuII(bpy) improves alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.24793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Penkina A, Hakola M, Paaver U, Vuorinen S, Kirsimäe K, Kogermann K, Veski P, Yliruusi J, Repo T, Heinämäki J. Solid-state properties of softwood lignin and cellulose isolated by a new acid precipitation method. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:939-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Várnai A, Huikko L, Pere J, Siika-Aho M, Viikari L. Synergistic action of xylanase and mannanase improves the total hydrolysis of softwood. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:9096-104. [PMID: 21757337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of xylan and glucomannan hydrolysis on cellulose hydrolysis was studied on five pretreated softwood substrates with different xylan and glucomannan contents, both varying from 0.2% to 6.9%, using mixtures of purified enzymes. The supplementation of pure cellulase mixture with non-specific endoglucanase TrCel7B and xylanase TrXyn11 enhanced the hydrolysis of all substrates, except the steam pretreated spruce, by more than 50%. The addition of endo-β-mannanase increased the overall hydrolysis yield by 20-25%, liberating significantly more glucose than theoretically present in glucomannan. When supplemented together, xylanolytic and mannanolytic enzymes acted synergistically with cellulases. Moreover, a linear correlation was observed between the hydrolysis of polysaccharides, irrespective of the composition, indicating that glucomannan and xylan form a complex network of polysaccharides around the cellulosic fibres extending throughout the lignocellulosic matrix. Both hemicellulolytic enzymes are crucial as accessory enzymes when designing efficient mixtures for the total hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates containing both hemicelluloses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anikó Várnai
- University of Helsinki, Food and Environmental Sciences, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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16
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Van de Vyver S, Geboers J, Jacobs PA, Sels BF. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose. ChemCatChem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201000302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 472] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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