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Islam MSMM, Akter H, Ali MH, Morshed A, Islam MA, Uddin MH, Sarkar MSU, Siddik MNA. Physicochemical characterization and determination of trace metals in different edible fats and oils in Bangladesh: Nexus to human health. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37606. [PMID: 39315222 PMCID: PMC11417532 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The study assessed the quality of four different edible fats and oils using standard analytical techniques. The presence of potentially toxic elements was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry. This study reveals that edible oils function admirably in terms of physical traits such as moisture content, boiling point, melting point, density, and specific gravity. Some edible fats and oils exceeded the standard limit of moisture, acid value, and peroxide value and these values were found in the range of 0.120-0.760 %, 0.220-2.45 mg KOH/g, and 1.23-21.7 meq/kg respectively. The iodine value for fats showed satisfactory results but for oils observed lower than the standard value varied from 68.2 to 104 g/100 g. The results of saponification value for most of the oils and fats were found satisfactory but others were lower than recommended limits and detected results were in the range of 167-224 mg KOH/g. Trace metals viz. Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Co were measured in all samples and the concentration ranged from 0.070 to 47.0, 0.120-2.44, 0.540-27.1, 0.030-1.87, 0.010-4.63 and 0.060-8.39 ppm for iron, manganese, nickel, lead, copper, and cobalt respectively. The study found high levels of Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Co in edible fats and oils in Bangladesh. No Cd was found, and Pb was not present in over half of the samples, which included the majority of mustard oils. The levels of Fe and Ni were higher than advised, but there was no discernible toxicological danger from Cd or Pb. The results of the health risk assessment indicated that there was no risk to children's health and possible hazards to adults' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Samrat Mohay Menul Islam
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
| | - Hasina Akter
- Dept of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (ACCE), University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Hasan Ali
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
| | - A.J.M. Morshed
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ashraful Islam
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Helal Uddin
- Dept of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering (ACCE), University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - M.A.A. Shofi Uddin Sarkar
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nure Alam Siddik
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Chattogram Laboratories, Chattogram, 4220, Bangladesh
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Du M, Gong M, Wu G, Jin J, Wang X, Jin Q. Conjugated Linolenic Acid (CLnA) vs Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA): A Comprehensive Review of Potential Advantages in Molecular Characteristics, Health Benefits, and Production Techniques. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5503-5525. [PMID: 38442367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been extensively characterized due to its many biological activities and health benefits, but conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) is still not well understood. However, CLnA has shown to be more effective than CLA as a potential functional food ingredient. Current research has not thoroughly investigated the differences and advantages between CLnA and CLA. This article compares CLnA and CLA based on molecular characteristics, including structural, chemical, and metabolic characteristics. Then, the in vivo research evidence of CLnA on various health benefits is comprehensively reviewed and compared with CLA in terms of effectiveness and mechanism. Furthermore, the potential of CLnA in production technology and product protection is analyzed. In general, CLnA and CLA have similar physicochemical properties of conjugated molecules and share many similarities in regulation effects and pathways of various health benefits as well as in the production methods. However, their specific properties, regulatory capabilities, and unique mechanisms are different. The superior potential of CLnA must be specified according to the practical application patterns of isomers. Future research should focus more on the advantageous characteristics of different isomers, especially the effectiveness and safety in clinical applications in order to truly exert the potential value of CLnA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Mengyue Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
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3
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Badawy S, Liu Y, Guo M, Liu Z, Xie C, Marawan MA, Ares I, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez M, Maximiliano JE, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a functional food: Is it beneficial or not? Food Res Int 2023; 172:113158. [PMID: 37689911 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has attracted great attention in recent years as a popular class of functional food that is broadly used. It refers to a group of geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid (LA) with a conjugated double bond. The main natural sources of CLA are dairy products, beef and lamb, whereas only trace amounts occur naturally in plant lipids. CLA has been shown to improve various health issues, having effects on obesity, inflammatory, anti-carcinogenicity, atherogenicity, immunomodulation, and osteosynthesis. Also, compared to studies on humans, many animal researches reveal more positive benefits on health. CLA represents a nutritional avenue to improve lifestyle diseases and metabolic syndrome. Most of these effects are attributed to the two major CLA isomers [conjugated linoleic acid cis-9,trans-11 isomer (c9,t11), and conjugated linoleic acid trans-10,cis-12 isomer (t10,c12)], and their mixture (CLA mix). In contrast, adverse effects of CLA have been also reported, such as glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and induction of colon carcinogenesis in humans, as well as milk fat inhibition in ruminants, lowering chicken productivity, influencing egg quality and altering growth performance in fish. This review article aims to discuss the health benefits of CLA as a nutraceutical supplement and highlight the possible mechanisms of action that may contribute to its outcome. It also outlines the feasible adverse effects of CLA besides summarizing the recent peer-reviewed publications on CLA to ensure its efficacy and safety for proper application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Badawy
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Pathology Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Yanan Liu
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Changqing Xie
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Marawan A Marawan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Infectious Diseases, Animal Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge-Enrique Maximiliano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Doyle M, Barnes A, Larson NR, Liu H, Yi L. Development of UPLC-UV-ELSD Method for Fatty Acid Profiling in Polysorbate 80 and Confirmation of the Presence of Conjugated Fatty Acids by Mass Spectrometry, UV Absorbance and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:2393-2403. [PMID: 37295606 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polysorbate 80 (PS80), a chemical substance composed of sorbitol, ethylene glycol, and fatty acids, is commonly used in pharmaceutical drug products to stabilize formulations. However, recent studies have demonstrated that PS80 may hydrolyze over time and the released free fatty acids (FFAs) may lead to particle formation. Naming conventions of fatty acids in current pharmacopeia and in products' certificates of analysis (CoA) of PS80 do not typically distinguish between isomeric species of fatty acids in PS80. Thus, methods to fully characterize the fatty acid species present in PS80 raw materials are needed to enhance quality control strategies of pharmaceuticals using PS80. Here, extended effort is taken to characterize fatty acids in hydrolyzed PS80 raw materials and elucidate the identities of isomeric fatty acid species. In this work, a method was developed and optimized for separation and detection of fatty acids in alkaline hydrolyzed PS80 raw materials using ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) with ultra-violet (UV) detection and evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD). Fatty acids not specified in the current pharmacopeias were detected in PS80 raw material by the developed LC-UV-ELSD method including conjugated forms of linoleic and linolenic fatty acid species. Their identities were orthogonally confirmed by retention time agreement with analytical standards, accurate mass by high resolution mass spectrometry, UV absorbance, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The detected conjugated fatty acids are theoretically more hydrophobic and less soluble than their unconjugated counterparts and may increase the propensity of PS80 to form particles upon hydrolysis. This work highlights the need for better quality control of PS80 raw material, as it may eventually play a critical role in product quality of therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Doyle
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., 5000 Davis Drive, RTP, NC, 27709, United States of America
| | - Adam Barnes
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., 5000 Davis Drive, RTP, NC, 27709, United States of America
| | - Nicholas R Larson
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, United States of America
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., 5000 Davis Drive, RTP, NC, 27709, United States of America
| | - Linda Yi
- Analytical Development, Biogen Inc., 5000 Davis Drive, RTP, NC, 27709, United States of America.
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Pojjanapornpun S, Sombutsuwan P, Chumsantea S, Nakornsadet A, Krisnangkura K, Aryusuk K. Rapid synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid from fruit processing residues seed oil by alkali‐dimethyl sulfoxide isomerization. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siriluck Pojjanapornpun
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Piraporn Sombutsuwan
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Salisa Chumsantea
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Akkaradech Nakornsadet
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute (PDTI) King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Kanit Krisnangkura
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
| | - Kornkanok Aryusuk
- Division of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT) Bangkok Thailand
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Oleate Hydratase in Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 Catalyzes the Reversible Conversion between Linoleic Acid and Ricinoleic Acid. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0117921. [PMID: 34643412 PMCID: PMC8515934 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01179-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been the subject of numerous studies in recent decades because of its associated health benefits. CLA is an intermediate product of the biohydrogenation pathway of linoleic acid (LA) in bacteria. Several bacterial species capable of efficiently converting LA into CLA have been widely reported in the literature, among them Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230. Over the last few years, a multicomponent enzymatic system consisting of three enzymes involved in the biohydrogenation process of LA has been proposed. Sequencing the genome of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 revealed only one gene capable of encoding an oleate hydratase (OleH), unlike the presence of multiple genes typically found in similar strains. This study investigated the biological effect of the OleH enzyme of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 on the hydration of LA and dehydration of ricinoleic acid (RA) and its possible role in the production of CLA. The OleH was cloned, expressed, purified, and characterized. Fatty acid measurements were made by an internal standard method using a gas chromatography-coupled flame ionization detector (GC-FID) system. It was found that the enzyme is a hydratase/dehydratase, leading to a reversible transformation between LA and RA. In addition, the results showed that L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 OleH protein plays a role in stress tolerance in Escherichia coli. In conclusion, the OleH of L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 catalyzes the initial stage of saturation metabolism of LA, although it has not converted the substrates directly into CLA. IMPORTANCE This study provides insight into the enzymatic mechanism of CLA synthesis in L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and broadens our understanding of the bioconversion of LA and RA by OleH. The impact of OleH on the production of the c9, t11 CLA isomer and stress tolerance by E. coli has been assisted. The results provide an understanding of the factors which influence OleH activity. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus LBP UFSC 2230 OleH presented two putative fatty acid-binding sites. Recombinant OleH catalyzed both LA hydration and RA dehydration. OleH was shown to play a role in bacterial growth performance in the presence of LA.
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Effect of nickel modification on Ru–Ni/NaY catalyst structure and linoleic acid isomerization selectivity. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Chen J, Wang L, Wang P, Cai J. Catalytic properties of barium modified Ru/MgZrO2 for the isomerization linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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The Role of Iodine Catalyst in the Synthesis of 22-Carbon Tricarboxylic Acid and Its Ester: A Case Study. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9120972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, 22-carbon tricarboxylic acid (C22TA) and its ester (C22TAE) were prepared via the Diels–Alder reaction of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their esters (PUFAEs) as dienes with fumaric acid (FA) and dimethyl fumarate (DF) as dienophiles, respectively. The role of an iodine catalyst for the synthesis of C22TA and C22TAE in the Diels–Alder type reaction was investigated using a spectroscopic approach. The chemical structures of the products were characterized using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis. Results showed that nonconjugated dienes can react with dienophiles through a Diels–Alder reaction with an iodine catalyst, and that iodine transformed the nonconjugated double bonds of dienes into conjugated double bonds via a radical process. DF was more favorable for the Diels–Alder reaction than FA. This was mainly because the dienophile DF contained an electron-withdrawing substituent, which reduced the highest and lowest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) energy gap and accelerated the Diels–Alder reaction. By transforming nonconjugated double bonds into conjugated double bonds, iodine as a Lewis acid increased the electron-withdrawing effect of the carbonyl group on the carbon–carbon double bond and reduced the energy difference between the HOMO of diene and the LUMO of dienophile, thus facilitating the Diels–Alder reaction.
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Prommaban A, Utama‐ang N, Chaikitwattana A, Uthaipibull C, Srichairatanakool S. Linoleic acid‐rich guava seed oil: Safety and bioactivity. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2749-2764. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adchara Prommaban
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Niramon Utama‐ang
- Department of Product Development Technology, Faculty of Agro‐ScienceUniversity Chiang Mai Thailand
| | | | - Chairat Uthaipibull
- National Science and Technology Development AgencyProtein‐Ligand Engineering and Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) Thailand Science Park Pathum Thani Thailand
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Liu S, Yu B, Wang Z, Hu J, Fu M, Wang Y, Liu J, Guo Z, Xu X, Ding Y. Highly selective isomerization of cottonseed oil into conjugated linoleic acid catalyzed by multiwalled carbon nanotube supported ruthenium. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20698-20705. [PMID: 35515563 PMCID: PMC9065710 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02640a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Supported ruthenium (Ru) has the capacity to catalyze the conjugation of double bonds in linoleic acid (LA) into conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs). It has been reported that CLAs have shown a lot of benefits to human health. To enhance the selectivity of cottonseed oil (CSO) to CLAs, various Ru catalysts supported by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Ru/MWCNTs) were prepared using a microwave-heated ethylene glycol method. All catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The catalytic efficiency/selectivity of Ru/MWCNTs and two commercially available Ru catalysts (Ru/C and Ru/Al2O3) were investigated in a solvent-free system by catalyzing the isomerization of CSO. TEM analysis showed that Ru nanoparticles with average sizes of 1.0 nm to 1.8 nm were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the supports. Among the as-synthesized Ru/MWCNTs, catalyst S1 (diameter < 8 nm, length 0.5–2 μm) and catalyst S4 (diameter < 8 nm, length 10–30 μm) exhibit excellent catalytic performance for isomerization of CSO with high yield of total CLA (15.91% and 11.56%, respectively) and high turnover frequency (TOF) of 10.39 and 11.38 h−1, which is much better than two typical commercial Ru catalysts (Ru/Al2O3 and Ru/C). It has been revealed that the average particle size and chemical state of Ru on the surface of MWCNTs have influence on the activity and selectivity of the isomerization reaction. Ruthenium supported on multiwalled carbon nanotubes is a highly efficient catalyst for the linoleic acid conjugation of cottonseed oil.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulai Liu
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237.,Institute of Ocean Research, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 China
| | - Bokai Yu
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237
| | - Zegao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China.,Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237
| | - Mingwen Fu
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237
| | - Yong Wang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co. Ltd Area A Shanghai 200137 China
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237
| | - Zheng Guo
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Xuebing Xu
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark.,Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research & Development Center Co. Ltd Area A Shanghai 200137 China
| | - Yuting Ding
- Department of Food Science, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China +86-571-88320237 +86-571-88320237.,Institute of Ocean Research, Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310032 China
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12
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Markova VK, Philbin JP, Zhao W, Genest A, Silvestre-Albero J, Rupprechter G, Rösch N. Catalytic Transformations of 1-Butene over Palladium. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Velina K. Markova
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - John P. Philbin
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Weina Zhao
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Alexander Genest
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Joaquín Silvestre-Albero
- Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados, Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. 99 E-03080 Alicante, Spain
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Rupprechter
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Notker Rösch
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, 85747 Garching, Germany
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13
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Shinn SE, Ruan CM, Proctor A. Strategies for Producing and Incorporating Conjugated Linoleic Acid–Rich Oils in Foods. Annu Rev Food Sci Technol 2017; 8:181-204. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-food-030216-025703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is in ruminant-derived foods and is known to combat obesity-related diseases. However, CLA levels in a healthy diet are too low to produce a clinical effect. Therefore, CLA has been produced by linoleic isomerization through fermentation and chemical catalysis. Many of these techniques are not practical for food production, but a recent development has enabled production of CLA-rich triglyceride vegetable oils from high linoleic acid oils by a minor modification of conventional food-oil processing techniques. These oils were used to produce common lipid-based food, such as margarine, shortenings, and salad dressings, whose quality was enhanced by the presence of CLA-rich oil and provided a significant CLA source. Meat and egg CLA content and subsequent food quality can also be increased by addition of dietary CLA. However, consumer awareness of CLA benefits needs to increase prior to commercial-scale production of CLA-rich oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E. Shinn
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704
| | - Chuan Min Ruan
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704
| | - Andrew Proctor
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72704
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14
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Chen J, Zhang L, Zheng X, Zheng Y. Revealing ruthenium and basicity synergetic effects in Ru–MgAl catalysts for isomerization of linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10457j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ru–MgAl catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation at different pH values, with the aim of investigating their catalytic performance for isomerization of linoleic acid and of understanding the relationship of basicity site and Ru activity site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebo Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
- Fuzhou
- China
- College of Life Sciences
| | - Liaoyuan Zhang
- College of Life Sciences
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- College of Life Sciences
- Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
- Fuzhou 350002
- China
| | - Ying Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou
- China
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15
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Fierros-Romero G, Gómez-Ramírez M, Arenas-Isaac GE, Pless RC, Rojas-Avelizapa NG. Identification of Bacillus megaterium and Microbacterium liquefaciens genes involved in metal resistance and metal removal. Can J Microbiol 2016; 62:505-13. [PMID: 27210016 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2015-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus megaterium MNSH1-9K-1 and Microbacterium liquefaciens MNSH2-PHGII-2, 2 nickel- and vanadium-resistant bacteria from mine tailings located in Guanajuato, Mexico, are shown to have the ability to remove 33.1% and 17.8% of Ni, respectively, and 50.8% and 14.0% of V, respectively, from spent petrochemical catalysts containing 428 ± 30 mg·kg(-1) Ni and 2165 ± 77 mg·kg(-1) V. In these strains, several Ni resistance determinants were detected by conventional PCR. The nccA (nickel-cobalt-cadmium resistance) was found for the first time in B. megaterium. In M. liquefaciens, the above gene as well as the czcD gene (cobalt-zinc-cadmium resistance) and a high-affinity nickel transporter were detected for the first time. This study characterizes the resistance of M. liquefaciens and B. megaterium to Ni through the expression of genes conferring metal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grisel Fierros-Romero
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Marlenne Gómez-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Ginesa E Arenas-Isaac
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Reynaldo C Pless
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico
| | - Norma G Rojas-Avelizapa
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico.,Centro de Investigación en Ciencia Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada del IPN, Cerro Blanco 141, Col. Colinas del Cimatario, Querétaro, Querétaro 76090, Mexico
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16
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Haßelberg J, Behr A. Saturated branched fatty compounds: Proven industrial processes and new alternatives. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201500461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Haßelberg
- Technical Chemistry (Chemical Process Development)Faculty of Biochemical and Chemical EngineeringTechnische Universität (TU) DortmundDortmundGermany
| | - Arno Behr
- Technical Chemistry (Chemical Process Development)Faculty of Biochemical and Chemical EngineeringTechnische Universität (TU) DortmundDortmundGermany
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17
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Alkylation of Methyl Linoleate with Propene in Ionic Liquids in the Presence of Metal Salts. Molecules 2015; 20:21840-53. [PMID: 26690107 PMCID: PMC6332105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable oils and fatty acid esters are suitable precursor molecules for the production of a variety of bio-based products and materials, such as paints and coatings, plastics, soaps, lubricants, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, printing inks, surfactants, and biofuels. Here, we report the possibility of using Lewis acidic ionic liquids (ILs) to obtain polyunsaturated ester dimerization-oligomerization and/or, in the presence of another terminal alkene (propene), co-polymerization. In particular, we have tested the Lewis acidic mixtures arising from the addition of a proper amount of GaCl3 (Χ > 0.5) to two chloride-based (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, [bmim]Cl, and 1-butylisoquinolium chloride, [BuIsoq]Cl) or by dissolution of a smaller amount of Al(Tf2N)3 (Χ = 0.1) in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [bmim][Tf2N]. On the basis of product distribution studies, [bmim][Tf2N]/Al(Tf2N)3 appears the most suitable medium in which methyl linoleate alkylation with propene can compete with methyl linoleate or propene oligomerization.
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18
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Salamon R, Vargáné-Visi É, András C, Csapóné Kiss Z, Csapó J. Synthetic methods to obtain conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) by catalysis – A review. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.2014.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Sankaranarayanan S, Selvam G, Srinivasan K. Double bond isomerization of ethyl linoleate and vegetable oils to conjugated derivatives over an LDH supported ruthenium catalyst. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04822b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Isomerization of ethyl linoleate and vegetable oils to conjugated derivatives is achieved over an MgAl-LDH supported ruthenium catalyst under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivashunmugam Sankaranarayanan
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
| | - Gobi Selvam
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
| | - Kannan Srinivasan
- Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI)
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
- Bhavnagar-364 002
- India
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20
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Ennaert T, Geboers J, Gobechiya E, Courtin CM, Kurttepeli M, Houthoofd K, Kirschhock CE, Magusin PC, Bals S, Jacobs PA, Sels BF. Conceptual Frame Rationalizing the Self-Stabilization of H-USY Zeolites in Hot Liquid Water. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs501559s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thijs Ennaert
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jan Geboers
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Elena Gobechiya
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Christophe M. Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry & Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Mert Kurttepeli
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Kristof Houthoofd
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Christine E.A. Kirschhock
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Pieter C.M.M. Magusin
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Science (EMAT), Universiteit Antwerpen, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Pierre A. Jacobs
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Center
for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg
23, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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21
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Schmidt A, Hilt G. Unprecedented Cobalt-Catalyzed Isomerization Reactions to Single Skipped 2,4,7-Trienes Applied in the Synthesis of Urushiol. Chem Asian J 2014; 9:2407-10. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201402323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Investigation of Micellization and Vesiculation of Conjugated Linoleic Acid by Means of Self-Assembling and Self-Crosslinking. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11743-014-1591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Deuss PJ, Barta K, de Vries JG. Homogeneous catalysis for the conversion of biomass and biomass-derived platform chemicals. Catal Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cy01058a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This perspective highlights the importance of homogeneous catalysis in the selective and efficient transformation of various types of biomass and platform chemicals to useful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Deuss
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katalin Barta
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. de Vries
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e.V
- 18059 Rostock, Germany
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24
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Jafari M, Kadivar M, Goli SAH, Ghiaci M. Optimization of Lipase-Catalyzed Fractionation of Two Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Isomers. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-013-2394-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Philippaerts A, Aelst JV, Sels B. Conjugated linoleic acids and conjugated vegetable oils: From nutraceutical to bio-polymer. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201300101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- An Philippaerts
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Heverlee; Belgium
| | - Joost Van Aelst
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Heverlee; Belgium
| | - Bert Sels
- KU Leuven; Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis; Heverlee; Belgium
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26
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Barbaro P, Liguori F, Linares N, Marrodan CM. Heterogeneous Bifunctional Metal/Acid Catalysts for Selective Chemical Processes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201200529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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