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Melnikov IN, Pivkina AN, Kiselev VG. New Mechanistic Insights into the Primary Thermolysis Reactions of 1,3,4,6-Tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5- d]imidazole (BCHMX) from Predictive Local Coupled Cluster Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:10860-10871. [PMID: 38039193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c06352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical studies of the decomposition mechanism of energetic materials quite often scrutinize only the primary thermolysis reactions. However, the secondary reactions are crucial, inter alia, for proper building of the combustion models and understanding the autocatalytic processes. In the present study, we applied predictive DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculations to elucidate the kinetics and decomposition mechanism of a novel promising energetic material, 1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo [4,5-d] imidazole (BCHMX). We identified eight previously unknown BCHMX conformers, both cis and trans in accordance to the spatial position of the H atoms bonded to a carbon bridge. Among them, the relative enthalpies of cis isomers lie in the narrow range ∼10 kJ mol-1 rendering them thermally accessible in the course of decomposition. The radical N-NO2 bond cleavage via one of the novel conformers is the dominant primary decomposition channel of BCHMX with the kinetic parameters Ea = 168.4 kJ mol-1 and log(A, s-1) = 18.5. We also resolved several contradictory assumptions on the mechanism and key intermediates of BCHMX thermolysis. To get a deeper understanding of the decomposition mechanism, we examined a series of unimolecular and bimolecular secondary channels of BCHMX. Among the former reactions, the C-C bond unzipping followed by another radical elimination of a nitro group is the most energetically favorable pathway with an activation barrier ∼113 kJ mol-1. However, contrary to the literature assumptions, the bimolecular H atom abstraction from a pristine BCHMX molecule by a primary nitramine radical product, not the nitro one, followed by another NO2 radical elimination, is the most important bimolecular secondary thermolysis reaction of BCHMX at lower temperatures. The isokinetic temperature of the bimolecular and unimolecular secondary reactions is ∼620 K. Unimolecular reactions might be important in dilute solutions, where bimolecular reactions are suppressed. The secondary reactions considered in the present work might be pertinent in the case of related energetic nitramines (e.g., RDX, HMX, and CL-20).
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor N Melnikov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla N Pivkina
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics RAS, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly G Kiselev
- Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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2
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Xu M, Wang T, Zhang C, Kuang BL, Xie ZM, Yi ZX, Lu ZJ, Li Y, Zhu S, Zhang JG. Preparation of Highly Energetic Coordination Compounds with Rich Oxidants and Lower Sensitivity Based on Methyl Groups. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:21371-21378. [PMID: 38047563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Revamping the structure of energy storage is an efficient strategy for striking a balance between the performance and sensitivity of energetic materials to achieve high energy and reduced sensitivity. In continuation of prior research, this study utilized the ligand 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carbonhydrazide (DMPZCA) and innovatively designed and synthesized the compound ECCs [Cu(HDMPZCA)2(ClO4)2](ClO4)2·2H2O (ECCs-1·2H2O). Compared with the former research, solvent-free compound ECCs-1 refers to an innovative material characterized by a dual structure involving ionic salts and coordination compounds. Due to these unique structures, ECCs-1 exhibits an increased [ClO4-] content, a higher oxygen balance constant (OB = -7.9%), and improved mechanical sensitivity (IS = 8 J, FS = 32 N). Theoretical calculations support the superior detonation performance of ECCs-1. Additionally, experimental results confirm its ignition capability through lower-threshold lasers and highlight the outstanding initiation potential and explosive power, making it a suitable candidate for primary explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bao-Long Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhen-Xin Yi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Zu-Jia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Shunguan Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jian-Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhang G, Liang X, Li J, Liu Z. Heuristic-Based Alkaline Hydrolysis Mechanism of Nitrate Ester (Nitrocellulose Monomer) and Nitroamine (Hexogen) Compounds: Electrostatic Attraction Effect of the Nitro Group. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1609-1618. [PMID: 36780375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The alkaline hydrolysis reaction of energetic materials is important and complex. With improved performance, AMK_Mountain was used to systematically study the alkaline hydrolysis of the nitrocellulose monomer and hexogen. The reaction pathways showed that the nitrocellulose monomer produces the nitrate anion and nitrite anion differently, while hexogen only produces the nitrite anion. Electronic structure results at the M06-2X/6-311G(d,p)/PCM(Pauling) level showed that the nitrocellulose monomer and hexogen have a similar pathway in their main energy-releasing process (nitrite anion production): with electrostatic attraction effects after proton transfer, the nitrite anion dissociates from the original structure with a low barrier. Moreover, during the alkaline hydrolysis of the nitrocellulose monomer, the metastable intermediates after proton transfer may be directly generated following transition states that, structurally, tend to produce nitrite anions "proximal" to the proton transfer site and produce nitrate anions "distal" to the proton transfer site. Electronic structure analysis showed that representative metastable intermediates revealed that the charge transfer caused by electrostatic attraction may be the direct cause of these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Zhang
- School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xinxin Liang
- School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zongkuan Liu
- School of Human Settlement and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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4
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Muravyev NV, Pronkin DK, Klenov MS, Voronin AA, Dalinger IL, Monogarov KA. Thermal stability of emerging N6-type energetic materials: kinetic modeling of simultaneous thermal analysis data to explain sensitivity trends. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3666-3680. [PMID: 36648387 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05759j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A number of new high-performing energetic materials possess explosophoric functionalities, high nitrogen content, and fused heterocyclic blocks. Two representatives of these materials have been synthesized recently, namely, 1,2,9,10-tetranitrodipyrazolo[1,5-d:5',1'-f][1,2,3,4]-tetrazine (1) and 2,9-dinitrobis([1,2,4]triazolo)[1,5-d:5',1'-f][1,2,3,4]tetrazine (2). The thermal stability of these energetic materials bearing the N-N-N = N-N-N fragment and three closely related compounds has been investigated for the first time. The thermal decomposition process of analyzed compounds was complicated by the appearance of the liquid phase, sublimation of the material, and autocatalysis by reaction products. In contrast to the traditional approach to the kinetic modeling based on data from either TGA or DSC, we use both signals' data measured at the same time and perform the joint kinetic analysis using the model-fitting technique to obtain the pertinent kinetic description of the process. Of the analyzed materials, 1 and 2 show the lowest thermal stability in melt with a characteristic rate constant of 2.6 × 10-3 s-1 at 250 °C. The kinetic parameters and calculated detonation performance data were used in the model to describe the mechanical sensitivity. The model output and the experimental friction sensitivity data show a respectable agreement, but more data are required to draw firm conclusions. In general, the provided thermal stability and kinetic data can be used for thermal response and storage modeling of these new N6-type energetic materials. The developed thermokinetic approach, joint model-fitting of several thermal analysis signals, can be applied to other complex thermally induced processes to increase the value and credibility of the kinetic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Muravyev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry K Pronkin
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Michael S Klenov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Voronin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor L Dalinger
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin A Monogarov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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5
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Larin AA, Fershtat LL. Energetic heterocyclic N-oxides: synthesis and performance. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhu F, Yin P, Zhang P. Multicomponent Reaction: Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylation of Aryl Halides and Alkyl Halides to Aromatic Esters. J Org Chem 2022; 88:5153-5160. [PMID: 36103718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A convenient four-component reaction has been developed that allows for the direct transformation of aryl iodides with alkyl halides into the corresponding aromatic esters and diesters via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation with water as solvent. Various esters and diesters were isolated in moderate to good yields with broad functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiang Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pengpeng Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, China
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7
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Larin AA, Pivkina AN, Ananyev IV, Khakimov DV, Fershtat LL. Novel family of nitrogen-rich energetic (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan salts with balanced performance. Front Chem 2022; 10:1012605. [PMID: 36172000 PMCID: PMC9510683 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1012605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich energetic materials comprised of a combination of several heterocyclic subunits retain their leading position in the field of materials science. In this regard, a preparation of novel high-energy materials with balanced set of physicochemical properties is highly desired. Herein, we report the synthesis of a new series of energetic salts incorporating a (1,2,4-triazolyl) furoxan core and complete evaluation of their energetic properties. All target energetic materials were well characterized with IR and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis, while compound 6 was further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Prepared nitrogen-rich salts have high thermal stability (up to 232°C), good experimental densities (up to 1.80 g cm−3) and high positive enthalpies of formation (344–1,095 kJ mol−1). As a result, synthesized energetic salts have good detonation performance (D = 7.0–8.4 km s−1; p = 22–32 GPa), while their sensitivities to impact and friction are quite low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Larin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla N. Pivkina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Centre for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Khakimov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Leonid L. Fershtat,
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8
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Zhilin ES, Ananyev IV, Pivkina AN, Fershtat LL. Renaissance of dinitroazetidine: novel hybrid energetic boosters and oxidizers. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14088-14096. [PMID: 36040752 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02445d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-oxygen organic materials constitute an important family of multipurpose high-energy materials. However, the preparation of energetic boosters and oxidizers for various civil and space technologies remains a challenging task and such materials usually require special precautions and fine tunability of their functional properties. To find a balance between energy and safety while retaining the oxidizing ability of target energetic materials, novel hybrid organic compounds comprising furoxan and 3,3-dinitroazetidine scaffolds enriched with additional nitro groups were synthesized. The prepared 3-(3,3-dinitroazetidinoyl)-4-nitrofuroxan and 3,3-dinitro-1-(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)azetidine have high nitrogen-oxygen contents (75-79%), positive oxygen balance to CO (up to +10.3%) and good experimental densities (1.75-1.80 g cm-3). A combination of superior detonation performance (D = 8.3-8.5 km s-1 and P = 32-33 GPa) and moderate mechanical sensitivity enables the application potential of these energetic materials as booster explosives or oxidizers. Additionally, their functional properties remain essentially competitive with other oxygen-rich energetic materials (pentaerythritol tetranitrate, ammonium dinitramide, and tetranitratoethane). Hirshfeld surface calculations supported by energy framework plots were also performed to better understand the relationship between the molecular structure and stability/sensitivity. This work unveils novel directions in the construction of balanced energetic boosters and oxidizers for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor S Zhilin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Ivan V Ananyev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-1, Leninsky Prospect, 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia.,National Research University Higher School of Economics 101000, Myasnitskaya str., 20, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla N Pivkina
- N. N. Semenov Federal Research Centre for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Leonid L Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 47, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation. .,National Research University Higher School of Economics 101000, Myasnitskaya str., 20, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Gao S, Liu L, Mao F, Zhang Z, Pan K, Zhou Z. Coal-based ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets synthesized by molten-salt method for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:425401. [PMID: 35803126 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac7fa5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coal is a typical fossil fuel and it is also a natural carbon material, therefore, converting it to functional carbon materials is an effective way to enhance the economic advantages of coal. Here, ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets were prepared from low-cost coal via a handy and green molten-salt method, which shown excellent performance for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The formation mechanism of ultrathin nanosheets was studied in detail. The eutectic molten salts possess low melting points and become a strong polar solvent at the calcined temperature, making the acidified coal miscible with them in very homogeneously state. Therefore, they can play a gigantic role inin situpore-forming during the carbonization and induce the formation of ultrathin nanosheets due to the salt ions. Simultaneously, the ultrathin N-doped carbon nanosheets with rich defects and controllable surface area was smoothly prepared without any more complex process while revealing brilliant electrochemical performance due to rich ion diffusion pathways. It delivers reversible capacity of 727.0 mAh g-1at 0.2 A g-1after 150 cycles. Thus, the molten-salt method broadens the avenue to construct porous carbon materials with tailor-made morphologies. Equally important, this approach provides a step toward the sustainable materials design and chemical science in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Gao
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Microelectronics and Energy of Henan Province, Department of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, 464000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kecheng Pan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (ReCast), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
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10
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Yan Z, Yang L, Tong W, Han JM. Facile Synthesis of Energetic Nanoparticles of Copper Azide with High Initiation Ability for Micro-Initiator Applications Using Layered Copper Hydroxide. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:9096-9103. [PMID: 35670700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c00619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Copper azide (CA) is one of the preferred primary explosives in the micro-initiating device, and it is of conducive significance to develop high-content CA-modified materials. In this work, we reported two types of CA composites with CA nanorods embedded in carbon nanosheets (CA/C) and CA distributed on salicylic acid (CA/SA) using layered copper hydroxide nanosheets intercalated with salicylic acid as the precursor. The detailed characterizations demonstrated that CA/C exhibits eximious electrostatic sensitivity (1.06 mJ) due to the inherent structural characteristics of CA/C such as the limitation of the free movement of CA by the layered structure and preeminent electrical conductivity of carbon nanosheets. Surprisingly, CA/C with nearly 1.0 mg in the miro-initiating device can reliably detonate Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). CA/C exhibits extremely high CA content (93%), excellent ignition ability, and detonation ability, and its performance is superior to pure CA and most CA-modified materials reported previously. CA/SA also has an excellent detonation ability and its electrostatic sensitivity is as low as 0.92 mJ. These findings provide a new perspective for the development of high-performance primary explosives for the micro-initiating device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Wenchao Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Min Han
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
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11
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Kosareva EK, Gainutdinov RV, Michalchuk AAL, Ananyev IV, Muravyev NV. Mechanical stimulation of energetic materials at the nanoscale. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8890-8900. [PMID: 35362490 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00832g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The initiation of energetic materials by mechanical stimuli is a critical stage of their functioning, but remains poorly understood. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM) we explore the microscopic initiation behavior of four prototypical energetic materials: 3,4-dinitropyrazole, ε-CL-20, α-PETN and picric acid. Along with the various chemical structures, these energetic compounds cover a range of application types: a promising melt-cast explosive, the most powerful energetic compound in use, a widespread primary explosive, and a well-established nitroaromatic explosive from the early development of energetics. For the softest materials (picric acid and 3,4-dinitropyrazole), the surfaces were found to behave dynamically, quickly rearranging in response to mechanical deformation. The pit created by nanoscale friction stimulation on the surface of 3,4-dinitropyrazole doubled in volume upon aging for half an hour. Over the same time frame, a similar pit on the picric acid surface increased in volume by more than seven-fold. Remarkably, increased humidity was found to reduce the rate of surface rearrangement, potentially offering an origin for the desensitization of energetic materials when wetted. Finally, we identify an inverse correlation between the surface dynamics and mechanical sensitivity of our test energetic compounds. This strongly suggests that surface dynamics influence a material's ability to dissipate excess energy, acting as a buffer towards mechanical initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina K Kosareva
- N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Radmir V Gainutdinov
- A. V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Center "Crystallography and Photonics", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ivan V Ananyev
- N.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita V Muravyev
- N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
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12
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Ivanov RE, Zharkov MN, Zlotin SG. Nitration of Alkenes and Oxiranes with Nitrogen(IV) Oxide in Liquid and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Media. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500821100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Guo D, Zybin SV, Chafin AP, Goddard WA. Increasing Oxygen Balance Leads to Enhanced Performance in Environmentally Acceptable High-Energy Density Materials: Predictions from First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulations. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5257-5264. [PMID: 35040628 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c20600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental concerns have stimulated the development of green alternatives to environmentally pollutive nitramine compounds used for high-energy density materials (HEDMs). The excellent energetic properties of CL20 make it a promising candidate, but its negative oxygen balance limits its efficiency for industrial and military applications. We predict here that CL20-EO formed by introducing ether links into the CC bonds of the original CL20 structure to attain balanced CO2 and H2O production leads to improved performance while minimizing the formation of carbonaceous clusters and toxic gases. To test this concept, we predicted the detonation properties at the Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) state using reactive molecular dynamics simulations with the ReaxFF force field combined with quantum mechanics based moleculear dynamics. We predict that CL20-EO enhances energetic performance compared to CL20 with a 6.0% increase in the CJ pressure and a 1.1% increase in the detonation velocity, which we attribute to achieving the correct oxygen balance to produce fully oxidized gaseous products. After expansion to normal conditions from the CJ state, CL20-EO leads only to nontoxic fully oxidized gases instead of forming the carbonaceous clusters and toxic gases found with CL-20. Thus, CL20-EO is predicted to be environmentally green. These results indicate that oxygen balance plays an important role in both energy availability and end-product toxicity and that balanced CO2 and H2O production systems provide promising candidates for the next generation of environmentally acceptable alternatives to toxic HEDMs while also enhancing the detonation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhou Guo
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- The Gene & Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Sergey V Zybin
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Andrew P Chafin
- Research Department, Chemistry Division, Naval Air Warfare Center Weapons Division (NAWCWD), 1900 N. Knox Rd. Stop 6303, China Lake, California 93555, United States
| | - William A Goddard
- Materials and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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14
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Tandem Reactions Based on the Cyclization of Carbon Dioxide and Propargylic Alcohols: Derivative Applications of α-Alkylidene Carbonates. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a well-known greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted increasing levels of attention in areas of energy, environment, climate, etc. Notably, CO2 is an abundant, nonflammable, and renewable C1 feedstock in view of chemistry. Therefore, the transformation of CO2 into organic compounds is an extremely attractive research topic in modern green and sustainable chemistry. Among the numerous CO2 utilization methods, carboxylative cycloaddition of CO2 into propargylic alcohols is an ideal route due to the corresponding products, α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates, which are a series of highly functionalized compounds that supply numerous potential methods for the construction of various synthetically and biologically valuable agents. This cyclization reaction has been intensively studied and systematically summarized, in the past years. Therefore, attention has been gradually transferred to produce more derivative compounds. Herein, the tandem reactions of this cyclization with hydration, amination, alcoholysis, and isomerization to synthesize α-hydroxyl ketones, oxazolidinones, carbamates, unsymmetrical carbonates, tetronic acids, ethylene carbonates, etc. were systematically reviewed.
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15
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Larin AA, Shaferov AV, Monogarov KA, Meerov DB, Pivkina AN, Fershtat LL. Novel energetic oxadiazole assemblies. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Pialat A, Kitos AA, Witkowski TG, Cook C, Wang S, Hu A, Murugesu M. Achieving short ignition delay and high specific impulse with cyanoborohydride-based hypergolic ionic liquids. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03372k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new family of HILs, based on substituted 1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-ium, pyrrolidinium, ammonium and pyridinium cations and a cyanoborohydride anion, is introduced, with higher heats of formation, heats of combustion and specific impulse compared to dimethylhydrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Pialat
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Alexandros A. Kitos
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Tomasz G. Witkowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Cyril Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Shiliang Wang
- Defense Research and Development Canada-Suffield, PO Box 4000, Stn Main, Medicine Hat, T1A 8K6, Canada
| | - Anguang Hu
- Defense Research and Development Canada-Suffield, PO Box 4000, Stn Main, Medicine Hat, T1A 8K6, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
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17
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Dou H, Zheng Y, Qu M, Chen P, He C, Gozin M, Pang S. Nitration of Chitin Monomer: From Glucosamine to Energetic Compound. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247531. [PMID: 34946612 PMCID: PMC8704513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitration of chitin monomer in a mixture of nitric acid and acetic anhydride was conducted and a highly nitrated (3R,4R,6R)-3-acetamido-6-((nitrooxy)methyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,4,5-triyl trinitrate (1) was obtained. Its structure was fully characterized using infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 possesses good density (ρ: 1.721 g·cm−3) and has comparable detonation performance (Vd: 7717 m·s−1; P: 25.6 GPa) to that of nitrocellulose (NC: Vd: 7456 m·s−1; P: 23 GPa; Isp = 239 s) and microcrystalline nitrocellulose (MCNC; Vd: 7683 m·s−1; P: 25 GPa; Isp = 250 s). However, Compound 1 has much lower impact sensitivity (IS: 15 J) than the regular nitrocellulose (NC; IS: 3.2 J) and MCNC (IS: 2.8 J). Compound 1 was calculated to exhibit a good specific impulse (Isp: 240 s), which is comparable with NC (Isp: 239 s) and MCNC (Isp: 250 s). By replacing the nitrocellulose with Compound 1 in typical propellants JA2, M30, and M9, the specific impulse was improved by up to 4 s. These promising properties indicate that Compound 1 has a significant potential as an energetic component in solid propellants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dou
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Yuxuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Manyi Qu
- Shanxi North Xingan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030008, China;
| | - Peng Chen
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Chunlin He
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.D.); (P.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
- Yangtze Delta Region Academy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jiaxing 314019, China
- Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Michael Gozin
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6998701, Israel
- Center for Advanced Combustion Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Siping Pang
- Experimental Center of Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; (H.D.); (P.C.)
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (M.G.); (S.P.)
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18
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Potassium (3-Methyl-2-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol-4-yl)dinitromethanide. MOLBANK 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/m1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Furoxan derivatives enriched with explosophoric functionalities are promising compounds in the preparation of novel energetic materials. Herein, a previously unknown potassium (3-methyl-2-oxido-1,2,5-oxadiazol-4-yl)dinitromethanide (also referred to as potassium 4-dinitromethyl-3-methylfuroxanate) was synthesized via tandem nitration-reduction reactions of an available (furoxanyl)chloroxime. The structure of the synthesized compound was established by elemental analysis, IR, 1H, 13C and 14N NMR spectroscopy. Thermal stability and mechanical sensitivity of the prepared compound toward impact and friction were experimentally determined.
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19
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Zlotin SG, Churakov AM, Egorov MP, Fershtat LL, Klenov MS, Kuchurov IV, Makhova NN, Smirnov GA, Tomilov YV, Tartakovsky VA. Advanced energetic materials: novel strategies and versatile applications. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Chaplygin DA, Larin AA, Muravyev NV, Meerov DB, Kosareva EK, Kiselev VG, Pivkina AN, Ananyev IV, Fershtat LL. Nitrogen-rich metal-free salts: a new look at the 5-(trinitromethyl)tetrazolate anion as an energetic moiety. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13778-13785. [PMID: 34505609 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of energetic nitrogen-rich salts comprised of a 5-(trinitromethyl)tetrazolate anion and high-nitrogen cations was synthesized by simple and efficient chemical routes from readily available commercial reagents. These energetic materials were fully characterized by IR and multinuclear NMR (1H, 13C, 14N) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Additionally, the structure of an energetic salt containing the 3,6,7-triamino-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazolium cation was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The synthesized compounds exhibit decent experimental densities (1.648-1.845 g cm-3) and positive enthalpies of formation (up to 725.5 kJ mol-1) and, as a result, superior detonation performance (detonation velocities 8.2-9.2 km s-1 and detonation pressures 28.5-37.8 GPa), which is comparable to or even exceeding those of commonly used booster explosive PETN. On the other hand, high mechanical sensitivity of several novel 5-(trinitromethyl)tetrazolate salts along with their high combined nitrogen-oxygen content (>81%) and excellent detonation performance render them environmentally friendly alternatives to lead-based primary explosives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniil A Chaplygin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexander A Larin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Nikita V Muravyev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry B Meerov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina K Kosareva
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vitaly G Kiselev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alla N Pivkina
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Ananyev
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Leonid L Fershtat
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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21
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Valentino H, Sobrado P. Characterization of a Nitro-Forming Enzyme Involved in Fosfazinomycin Biosynthesis. Biochemistry 2021; 60:2851-2864. [PMID: 34516102 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-hydroxylating monooxygenases (NMOs) are a subclass of flavin-dependent enzymes that hydroxylate nitrogen atoms. Recently, unique NMOs that perform multiple reactions on one substrate molecule have been identified. Fosfazinomycin M (FzmM) is one such NMO, forming nitrosuccinate from aspartate (Asp) in the fosfazinomycin biosynthetic pathway in some Streptomyces sp. This work details the biochemical and kinetic analysis of FzmM. Steady-state kinetic investigation shows that FzmM performs a coupled reaction with Asp (kcat, 3.0 ± 0.01 s-1) forming nitrosuccinate, which can be converted to fumarate and nitrite by the action of FzmL. FzmM displays a 70-fold higher kcat/KM value for NADPH compared to NADH and has a narrow optimal pH range (7.5-8.0). Contrary to other NMOs where the kred is rate-limiting, FzmM exhibits a very fast kred (50 ± 0.01 s-1 at 4 °C) with NADPH. NADPH binds at a KD value of ∼400 μM, and hydride transfer occurs with pro-R stereochemistry. Oxidation of FzmM in the absence of Asp exhibits a spectrum with a shoulder at ∼370 nm, consistent with the formation of a C(4a)-hydroperoxyflavin intermediate, which decays into oxidized flavin and hydrogen peroxide at a rate 100-fold slower than the kcat. This reaction is enhanced in the presence of Asp with a slightly faster kox than the kcat, suggesting that flavin dehydration or Asp oxidation is partially rate limiting. Multiple sequence analyses of FzmM to NMOs identified conserved residues involved in flavin binding but not for NADPH. Additional sequence analysis to related monooxygenases suggests that FzmM shares sequence motifs absent in other NMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Valentino
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Pablo Sobrado
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.,Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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22
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Dutra L, Vasconcelos M, Cazumba A, Scaldaferri MC, Dos Santos Andrade MH, Pinto JC. EFFECT OF OXYGENATED COMPOUNDS ON 1,3-BUTADIENE POLYMERIZATIONS PERFORMED WITH NEODYMIUM VERSATATE. PART I: ALCOHOLS, ALDEHYDES, KETONES, AND WATER. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.21.78979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
1,3-butadiene (1,3-BD) is a building block produced mainly as a byproduct of the ethylene steam cracking process. However, due to the growing interest in sustainable technologies, there is also growing interest in manufacturing 1,3-BD from ethanol. For this reason, taking into account that the ethanol-derived 1,3-BD can contain oxygenated contaminants that are difficult to remove, the present manuscript investigates for the first time how the presence of low concentrations of some oxygenates (acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde, acetone, water, ethanol, 1,3-butanodiol, 3-buten2-ol, crotyl alcohol, and 1-butanol) in the 1,3-BD monomer can affect polymerization reactions performed with the neodymium versatate catalyst and modify the characteristics of the obtained polybutadiene products. It is shown that the presence of oxygenated compounds can cause inhibitory effects on the course of the polymerization and modify the molar mass distributions and flow properties of the final products, although all analyzed samples presented the characteristic high-cis character of polybutadienes produced with the neodymium versatate catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Dutra
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68525, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Química/Coppe, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Mateus Vasconcelos
- Programa de Engenharia Química/Coppe, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
| | - Anderson Cazumba
- Programa de Engenharia Química/Coppe, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Carlos Pinto
- Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68525, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-598, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Química/Coppe, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, CP 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-972, Brazil
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23
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Larin AA, Bystrov DM, Fershtat LL, Konnov AA, Makhova NN, Monogarov KA, Meerov DB, Melnikov IN, Pivkina AN, Kiselev VG, Muravyev NV. Nitro-, Cyano-, and Methylfuroxans, and Their Bis-Derivatives: From Green Primary to Melt-Cast Explosives. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245836. [PMID: 33322001 PMCID: PMC7764251 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, we studied in detail the thermochemistry, thermal stability, mechanical sensitivity, and detonation performance for 20 nitro-, cyano-, and methyl derivatives of 1,2,5-oxadiazole-2-oxide (furoxan), along with their bis-derivatives. For all species studied, we also determined the reliable values of the gas-phase formation enthalpies using highly accurate multilevel procedures W2-F12 and/or W1-F12 in conjunction with the atomization energy approach and isodesmic reactions with the domain-based local pair natural orbital (DLPNO) modifications of the coupled-cluster techniques. Apart from this, we proposed reliable benchmark values of the formation enthalpies of furoxan and a number of its (azo)bis-derivatives. Additionally, we reported the previously unknown crystal structure of 3-cyano-4-nitrofuroxan. Among the monocyclic compounds, 3-nitro-4-cyclopropyl and dicyano derivatives of furoxan outperformed trinitrotoluene, a benchmark melt-cast explosive, exhibited decent thermal stability (decomposition temperature >200 °C) and insensitivity to mechanical stimuli while having notable volatility and low melting points. In turn, 4,4′-azobis-dicarbamoyl furoxan is proposed as a substitute of pentaerythritol tetranitrate, a benchmark brisant high explosive. Finally, the application prospects of 3,3′-azobis-dinitro furoxan, one of the most powerful energetic materials synthesized up to date, are limited due to the tremendously high mechanical sensitivity of this compound. Overall, the investigated derivatives of furoxan comprise multipurpose green energetic materials, including primary, secondary, melt-cast, low-sensitive explosives, and an energetic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Larin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.M.B.); (L.L.F.); (A.A.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Dmitry M. Bystrov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.M.B.); (L.L.F.); (A.A.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.M.B.); (L.L.F.); (A.A.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Alexey A. Konnov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.M.B.); (L.L.F.); (A.A.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.L.); (D.M.B.); (L.L.F.); (A.A.K.); (N.N.M.)
| | - Konstantin A. Monogarov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
| | - Dmitry B. Meerov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
| | - Igor N. Melnikov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
| | - Alla N. Pivkina
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
| | - Vitaly G. Kiselev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
- Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogova Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikita V. Muravyev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.M.); (D.B.M.); (I.N.M.); (A.N.P.); (V.G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-499-137-8203
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24
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The equilibrium molecular structure of 3-methyl-4-nitro- and 4-methyl-3-nitrofuroxans by gas-phase electron diffraction and coupled cluster calculations. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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25
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Izato Y, Matsushita K, Shiota K, Miyake A. The Electrolysis of Ammonium Dinitramide in Dimethyl Sulfoxide. PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.202000104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐ichiro Izato
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
| | - Kazuki Matsushita
- Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
| | - Kento Shiota
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
| | - Atsumi Miyake
- Institute of Advanced Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5, Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku Yokohama Kanagawa 240-8501 Japan
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26
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Hu XY, Sun ML, Fang Y, Fang YJ. Molecular Design and Structure-Property Investigation of n-Dodecylbenzyloxy Ethoxylates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7765-7774. [PMID: 32539409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOn) exhibit outstanding application performances, especially in stabilizing silicone oil emulsions, but have been globally banned or use-restricted for serious ecological toxicity. A homologous series of nonionic surfactants, n-dodecylbenzyloxy ethoxylates (DBEOn), are molecularly designed and synthesized as alternatives to NPEOn, where the phenolic group of NPEOn was replaced by a benzyloxy group to counteract the harmful characteristics of NPEOn, while retaining the benefits. Based on computational studies, we propose a hypothesis that has a conjugation reduction effect (CRE) of DBEOn relative to NPEOn on the surfactant structure and properties that solves the biodegradation problem while maintaining the outstanding emulsifying capacity of NPEOn. A 7-day activated sludge assessment shows that DBEO8, a representative member of DBEOn, is almost 100% biodegradable and that the poor biodegradability of NPEOn may be improved by maintaining the vital benzene ring in DBEOn molecules, because the oxygen atom of the benzyloxy group is separated from the smaller conjugation system of DBEOn. Compared to NPEO10, DBEO8 has a similar cloud point but exhibits higher benzene solubilization and considerably higher emulsion stabilities for mineral oil, biomass oil, and especially silicone oil; this outcome is ascribed to a probable random coil configuration of PEO caused by the CRE of DBEOn. Therefore, molecular design produces DBEOn with both excellent biodegradability and outstanding application performances, especially in terms of excellent emulsion stabilities of various oils, as predicted by the CRE hypothesis, thereby serving as an effective alternative to NPEOn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yi Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mei-Ling Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yun Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yin-Jun Fang
- Zanyu Technology Group Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310030, China
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27
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Konkova TS, Matyushin YN, Miroshnichenko EA, Vorobev AB, Palysaeva NV, Sheremetev AB. Thermochemical Properties of [1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3-b]-[1,2,4,5]tetrazine Derivatives. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990793120010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Makhova NN, Belen’kii LI, Gazieva GA, Dalinger IL, Konstantinova LS, Kuznetsov VV, Kravchenko AN, Krayushkin MM, Rakitin OA, Starosotnikov AM, Fershtat LL, Shevelev SA, Shirinian VZ, Yarovenko VN. Progress in the chemistry of nitrogen-, oxygen- and sulfur-containing heterocyclic systems. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Zharkov MN, Kuchurov IV, Zlotin SG. Micronization of CL-20 using supercritical and liquefied gases. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01167c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Liquid and supercritical CO2 and TFE have been systematically studied as media for CL-20 recrystallization to estimate their potential for the selective preparation of ultrafine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail N. Zharkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V. Kuchurov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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30
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Zlotin SG, Dalinger IL, Makhova NN, Tartakovsky VA. Nitro compounds as the core structures of promising energetic materials and versatile reagents for organic synthesis. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses some promising areas of chemistry of nitro compounds extensively developed in recent years in Russia (particularly at the N.D.Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences) and worldwide. The most important results in the synthesis of novel energetic N-, C- and O-nitro compounds are summarized. New environmentally friendly approaches to the preparation of known compounds of this series, used as components of energetic compositions, are considered. Methods for selective transformations of various nitro compounds to valuable products of organic synthesis, primarily biologically active products and their precursors, are systematically analyzed.
The bibliography includes 446 references.
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31
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Bystrov DM, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Synthesis and reactivity of aminofuroxans. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-019-02593-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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32
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Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. 1,2,5‐Oxadiazole‐Based High‐Energy‐Density Materials: Synthesis and Performance. Chempluschem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 119991, Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences 119991, Leninsky Prospect, 47 Moscow Russia
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Zhilin ES, Bystrov DM, Ananyev IV, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Straightforward Access to the Nitric Oxide Donor Azasydnone Scaffold by Cascade Reactions of Amines. Chemistry 2019; 25:14284-14289. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Egor S. Zhilin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Bystrov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Vavilova str. 28 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Leninsky Prospect 47 119991 Moscow Russia
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Zhilin ES, Fershtat LL, Bystrov DM, Kulikov AS, Dmitrienko AO, Ananyev IV, Makhova NN. Renaissance of 1,2,5-Oxadiazolyl Diazonium Salts: Synthesis and Reactivity. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Egor S. Zhilin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry M. Bystrov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Alexander S. Kulikov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Artem O. Dmitrienko
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; Vavilova str., 28 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; Leninsky Prospect, 47 119991 Moscow Russia
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Dalinger IL, Serushkina OV, Lipilin DL, Anisimov AA, Suponitsky KY, Sheremetev AB. Nitration of Azasydnones and Azasydnonimines: A Method for the Functionalization of Aryl Derivatives. Chempluschem 2019; 84:802-809. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor L. Dalinger
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Olga V. Serushkina
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry L. Lipilin
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei A. Anisimov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
- Mendeleev Russian Chemical Technological University Moscow 125047 Russian Federation
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Moscow 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei B. Sheremetev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
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Larin AA, Muravyev NV, Pivkina AN, Suponitsky KY, Ananyev IV, Khakimov DV, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN. Assembly of Tetrazolylfuroxan Organic Salts: Multipurpose Green Energetic Materials with High Enthalpies of Formation and Excellent Detonation Performance. Chemistry 2019; 25:4225-4233. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Larin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Nikita V. Muravyev
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical PhysicsRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Kosygin str. 4 Moscow Russia
| | - Alla N. Pivkina
- N. N. Semenov Institute of Chemical PhysicsRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Kosygin str. 4 Moscow Russia
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Vavilova str. 28 Moscow Russia
- Plekhanov Russian University of Economics 117997 Stremyanny per. 36 Moscow Russia
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement CompoundsRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Vavilova str. 28 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Khakimov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow Russia
- Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Keldysh Research Center” 125438 Onezhskaya Str. 8 Moscow Russia
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow Russia
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic ChemistryRussian Academy of Sciences 119991 Leninsky Prospect 47 Moscow Russia
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Guselnikova O, Postnikov P, Chehimi MM, Kalachyovaa Y, Svorcik V, Lyutakov O. Surface Plasmon-Polariton: A Novel Way To Initiate Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:2023-2032. [PMID: 30657691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon catalysis has recently generated tremendous interest in the field of modern chemistry. Application of plasmon introduces the principally new stimulus for the activation of organic reactions, keeping the optical energy concentrated in the vicinity of plasmonic structure, creating an optical near-field enhancement as well as hot electron injection. In this work, for the first time, we presented a new way for the initiation of the azide-alkyne cycloaddition (AAC) using the surface plasmon-polariton wave, supported by the gold grating. With this concept in hand, the plasmon-active gold grating was functionalized with 4-ethynylbenzenediazonium compound. Then, surface-grafted 4-ethynylphenyl groups were plasmon activated and clicked with 4-azidobenzoic acid. Additional experiments allowed to exclude the potential effect of photon, heating, and metal impurities confirmed the key role of surface plasmon-polariton AAC activation. For the investigation of plasmon-induced AAC mechanism, 4-azidophenyl groups (instead of 4-ethynylphenyl groups) were also grafted to the grating surface. Further careful evaluation of reaction kinetics demonstrates that the AAC reaction rate is significantly higher in the case of acetylene activation than in the case of azide activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Guselnikova
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Pavel Postnikov
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | | | - Yevgeniya Kalachyovaa
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Vaclav Svorcik
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
| | - Oleksiy Lyutakov
- Department of Solid State Engineering , University of Chemistry and Technology , 16628 Prague , Czech Republic
- Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences , Tomsk Polytechnic University , Tomsk 634050 , Russian Federation
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38
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Palysaeva NV, Gladyshkin AG, Vatsadze IA, Suponitsky KY, Dmitriev DE, Sheremetev AB. N-(2-Fluoro-2,2-dinitroethyl)azoles: a novel assembly of diverse explosophoric building blocks for energetic compound design. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo01173g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first protocol forN-(dinitrofluoroethyl)ation of azoles has been created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda V. Palysaeva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - Aleksei G. Gladyshkin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
- Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology
| | - Irina A. Vatsadze
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - Kyrill Yu. Suponitsky
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | | | - Aleksei B. Sheremetev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
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Vinogradov MG, Turova OV, Zlotin SG. Recent advances in the asymmetric synthesis of pharmacology-relevant nitrogen heterocycles via stereoselective aza-Michael reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3670-3708. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03034k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this review, recent applications of a stereoselective aza-Michael reaction for asymmetric synthesis of naturally occurring N-containing heterocyclic scaffolds and their usefulness to pharmacology are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim G. Vinogradov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Olga V. Turova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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40
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Zharkov MN, Arabadzhi SS, Kuchurov IV, Zlotin SG. Continuous nitration of alcohols in a Freon flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00035f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first ever installation for continuous nitration in a liquefied gas mobile phase was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail N. Zharkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana S. Arabadzhi
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Ilya V. Kuchurov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Sergei G. Zlotin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russian Federation
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41
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Guseinov SL, Fedorov SG, Kosykh VA, Storozhenko PA. Hypergolic propellants based on hydrogen peroxide and organic compounds: historical aspect and current state. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Krasovskiy VG, Chernikova ЕА, Glukhov LМ, Kаpustin GI, Kоroteev АА, Kustov LМ. Hydroxyl-containing imidazolium ionic liquids. Russ Chem Bull 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-018-2268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Lyalin BV, Sigacheva VL, Fershtat LL, Makhova NN, Petrosyan VA. Eco-friendly N–N coupling of aminofuroxans into azofuroxans under the action of electrogenerated hypohalites. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bystrov DM, Zhilin ES, Fershtat LL, Romanova AA, Ananyev IV, Makhova NN. Tandem Condensation/Rearrangement Reaction of 2-AminohetareneN-Oxides for the Synthesis of Hetaryl Carbamates. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry M. Bystrov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry; Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskie Gory 1-3 Russian Federation
| | - Egor S. Zhilin
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- Department of Chemistry; Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskie Gory 1-3 Russian Federation
| | - Leonid L. Fershtat
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Anna A. Romanova
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; 28 Vavilova str. 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
- D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Higher Chemical College; Miusskaya sq. 9 125047 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V. Ananyev
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences; 28 Vavilova str. 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Nina N. Makhova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Russian Federation
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Makhova NN, Fershtat LL. Recent advances in the synthesis and functionalization of 1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxides. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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47
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Bruk L, Titov D, Ustyugov A, Zubavichus Y, Chernikova V, Tkachenko O, Kustov L, Murzin V, Oshanina I, Temkin O. The Mechanism of Low-Temperature Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide by Oxygen over the PdCl₂-CuCl₂/γ-Al₂O₃ Nanocatalyst. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8040217. [PMID: 29614029 PMCID: PMC5923547 DOI: 10.3390/nano8040217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The state of palladium and copper on the surface of the PdCl2–CuCl2/γ-Al2O3 nanocatalyst for the low-temperature oxidation of CO by molecular oxygen was studied by various spectroscopic techniques. Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), freshly prepared samples of the catalyst were studied. The same samples were also evaluated after interaction with CO, O2, and H2O vapor in various combinations. It was shown that copper exists in the form of Cu2Cl(OH)3 (paratacamite) nanophase on the surface of the catalyst. No palladium-containing crystalline phases were identified. Palladium coordination initially is comprised of four chlorine atoms. It was shown by XAS that this catalyst is not capable of oxidizing CO at room temperature in the absence of H2O and O2 over 12 h. Copper(II) and palladium(II) are reduced to Cu(I) and Pd(I,0) species, respectively, in the presence of CO and H2O vapor (without O2). It was found by DRIFTS that both linear (2114 cm−1, 1990 cm−1) and bridging (1928 cm−1) forms of coordinated CO were formed upon adsorption onto the catalyst surface. Moreover, the formation of CO2 was detected upon the interaction of the coordinated CO with oxygen. The kinetics of CO oxidation was studied at 18–38 °C at an atmospheric pressure for CO, O2, N2, and H2O (gas) mixtures in a flow reactor (steady state conditions).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Bruk
- Moscow Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, Department of General Chemical Technology, Moscow 119571, Russia.
| | - Denis Titov
- Moscow Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, Department of General Chemical Technology, Moscow 119571, Russia.
| | - Alexander Ustyugov
- Moscow Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, Department of General Chemical Technology, Moscow 119571, Russia.
| | - Yan Zubavichus
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123182, Russia.
| | - Valeriya Chernikova
- Functional Materials Design, Discovery and Development Research Group (FMD3), Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC), Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Olga Tkachenko
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Leonid Kustov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Vadim Murzin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Irina Oshanina
- Moscow Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, Department of General Chemical Technology, Moscow 119571, Russia.
| | - Oleg Temkin
- Moscow Technological University, Institute of Fine Chemical Technology, Department of General Chemical Technology, Moscow 119571, Russia.
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Frumkin AE, Yudin NV, Suponitsky KY, Sheremetev AB. 1-Amino-1-hydroxyamino-2,2-dinitroethene: novel insights in chemistry of FOX-7. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abd-Elghany M, Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Elbeih A. Higher Performance and Safer Handling: Formulation Based on 2,2,2-Trinitroethyl Formate and Nitrocellulose. Chempluschem 2018; 83:128-131. [PMID: 31957341 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new, green propellant formulation based on the high-energy dense oxidizer (HEDO) 2,2,2-trinitroethyl formate (TNEF) and nitrocellulose (NC) was prepared and thermally investigated using non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to check the crystals of the oxidizer and the homogeneity of the new propellant formulation (NC-TNEF). The burning behavior of NC-TNEF was recorded by high-speed camera to observe the smoke produced. A high specific impulse (Is =257.4 s) was obtained from the characteristics calculation of the new propellant formulation by using EXPLO5_V6.03 software. The NC-TNEF mixture did not show any endothermic peak and its exothermic peak was at 204.6 °C, which means that a composite might be formed. The activation energy of the NC-TNEF was in the range of 184-190 kJ mol-1 . NC-TNEF has a higher performance and a lower hazard compared with the double-base propellant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd-Elghany
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elbeih
- Department of Chemistry, Military Technical College, Kobry Elkobbah, Cairo, Egypt
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Biancalana L, Bresciani G, Chiappe C, Marchetti F, Pampaloni G, Pomelli CS. Modifying bis(triflimide) ionic liquids by dissolving early transition metal carbamates. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:5057-5066. [PMID: 29388992 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp07289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The authors report the first modification of ionic liquids with metal carbamates. A selection of homoleptic N,N-dialkylcarbamates of group 4 and 5 metals, M(O2CNR2)n, were dissolved in bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide-based ionic liquids, i.e. [bmim][Tf2N] and [P(oct)4][Tf2N], at 293 K. The resulting solutions were characterized by means of IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy, and the data were compared to those of the respective metal compounds. Notably, the dissolution process did not proceed with the release of any of the original carbamato ligands, thus preserving the intact coordination frame around the metal centre. The solvation process of Ti(O2CNiPr2)4, as a model species, in [bmim][Tf2N] was rationalized by DFT calculations. As a comparative study, solutions of NbF5 and MCl5 (M = Nb, Ta) in [bmim][Tf2N] were also investigated, revealing the possible occurrence of solvent anion coordination to the metal centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Biancalana
- University of Pisa, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124, Pisa, Italy.
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