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Dyksik M, Beret D, Baranowski M, Duim H, Moyano S, Posmyk K, Mlayah A, Adjokatse S, Maude DK, Loi MA, Puech P, Plochocka P. Polaron Vibronic Progression Shapes the Optical Response of 2D Perovskites. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305182. [PMID: 38072637 PMCID: PMC10870061 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The optical response of 2D layered perovskites is composed of multiple equally-spaced spectral features, often interpreted as phonon replicas, separated by an energy Δ ≃ 12 - 40 meV, depending upon the compound. Here the authors show that the characteristic energy spacing, seen in both absorption and emission, is correlated with a substantial scattering response above ≃ 200 cm-1 (≃ 25 meV) observed in resonant Raman. This peculiar high-frequency signal, which dominates both Stokes and anti-Stokes regions of the scattering spectra, possesses the characteristic spectral fingerprints of polarons. Notably, its spectral position is shifted away from the Rayleigh line, with a tail on the high energy side. The internal structure of the polaron consists of a series of equidistant signals separated by 25-32 cm-1 (3-4 meV), depending upon the compound, forming a polaron vibronic progression. The observed progression is characterized by a large Huang-Rhys factor (S > 6) for all of the 2D layered perovskites investigated here, indicative of a strong charge carrier - lattice coupling. The polaron binding energy spans a range ≃ 20-35 meV, which is corroborated by the temperature-dependent Raman scattering data. The investigation provides a complete understanding of the optical response of 2D layered perovskites via the direct observation of polaron vibronic progression. The understanding of polaronic effects in perovskites is essential, as it directly influences the suitability of these materials for future opto-electronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dyksik
- Department of Experimental PhysicsFaculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclaw50370Poland
| | - Dorian Beret
- CEMES‐UPR8011CNRSUniversity of Toulouse29 rue Jeanne MarvigToulouse31500France
| | - Michal Baranowski
- Department of Experimental PhysicsFaculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclaw50370Poland
| | - Herman Duim
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 4Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Sébastien Moyano
- CEMES‐UPR8011CNRSUniversity of Toulouse29 rue Jeanne MarvigToulouse31500France
| | - Katarzyna Posmyk
- Department of Experimental PhysicsFaculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclaw50370Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques IntensesEMFL, CNRS UPR 3228University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA‐T, University Grenoble AlpesGrenoble and ToulouseFrance
| | - Adnen Mlayah
- LAASUniversity of ToulouseCNRS, UPS, 7 Avenue du Colonel RocheToulouse31031France
| | - Sampson Adjokatse
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 4Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Duncan K. Maude
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques IntensesEMFL, CNRS UPR 3228University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA‐T, University Grenoble AlpesGrenoble and ToulouseFrance
| | - Maria Antonietta Loi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 4Groningen9747 AGThe Netherlands
| | - Pascal Puech
- CEMES‐UPR8011CNRSUniversity of Toulouse29 rue Jeanne MarvigToulouse31500France
| | - Paulina Plochocka
- Department of Experimental PhysicsFaculty of Fundamental Problems of TechnologyWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclaw50370Poland
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques IntensesEMFL, CNRS UPR 3228University Toulouse, University Toulouse 3, INSA‐T, University Grenoble AlpesGrenoble and ToulouseFrance
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2
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Ravali V, Ghosh T. Charge carrier dynamics and transient spectral evolutions in lead halide perovskites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13939-13950. [PMID: 37934456 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have emerged as promising materials for solar cell applications due to their unique photophysical properties. Most of the crucial properties related to solar cell performance such as carrier mobility, diffusion length, recombination rates, etc. have been estimated using ultrafast spectroscopic methods. While various methods have been developed to prepare and fabricate high-quality perovskite films for photovoltaic applications, understanding the charge carrier dynamics is also crucial at each stage of the charge generation, cooling, and recombination processes. Using femtosecond (fs) transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, various stages of charge carrier dynamics in perovskite materials could be monitored. In this article, we focus on some of the recent experimental developments related to charge carrier dynamics in perovskites and discuss the current understanding of (1) exciton dissociation, (2) charge carrier thermalization, (3) hot carrier cooling, and (4) electron-phonon coupling along with some of the crucial spectral emergence in the pump-probe experiments of LHP materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanga Ravali
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, 522237, India.
| | - Tufan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh, 522237, India.
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3
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Movilla JL, Planelles J, Climente JI. Excitons in metal halide perovskite nanoplatelets: an effective mass description of polaronic, dielectric and quantum confinement effects. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6093-6101. [PMID: 37941960 PMCID: PMC10628976 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00592e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical model for excitons confined in metal halide perovskite nanoplatelets is presented. The model accounts for quantum confinement, dielectric confinement, short and long range polaron interactions by means of effective mass theory, image charges and Haken potentials. We use it to describe the band edge exciton of MAPbI3 structures surrounded by organic ligands. It is shown that the quasi-2D quantum and dielectric confinement squeezes the exciton radius, and this in turn enhances short-range polaron effects as compared to 3D structures. Dielectric screening is then weaker than expected from the static dielectric constant. This boosts the binding energies and radiative recombination probabilities, which is a requisite to match experimental data in related systems. The thickness dependence of Coulomb polarization and self-energy potentials is in fair agreement with sophisticated atomistic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Movilla
- Departament d'Educació i Didàctiques Específiques, Universitat Jaume I Av. Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló Spain
| | - Josep Planelles
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I Av. Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló Spain
| | - Juan I Climente
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I Av. Sos Baynat, s/n 12071 Castelló Spain
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4
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Metcalf I, Sidhik S, Zhang H, Agrawal A, Persaud J, Hou J, Even J, Mohite AD. Synergy of 3D and 2D Perovskites for Durable, Efficient Solar Cells and Beyond. Chem Rev 2023; 123:9565-9652. [PMID: 37428563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites have emerged in the past few years as a promising material for low-cost, high-efficiency optoelectronic devices. Spurred by this recent interest, several subclasses of halide perovskites such as two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have begun to play a significant role in advancing the fundamental understanding of the structural, chemical, and physical properties of halide perovskites, which are technologically relevant. While the chemistry of these 2D materials is similar to that of the 3D halide perovskites, their layered structure with a hybrid organic-inorganic interface induces new emergent properties that can significantly or sometimes subtly be important. Synergistic properties can be realized in systems that combine different materials exhibiting different dimensionalities by exploiting their intrinsic compatibility. In many cases, the weaknesses of each material can be alleviated in heteroarchitectures. For example, 3D-2D halide perovskites can demonstrate novel behavior that neither material would be capable of separately. This review describes how the structural differences between 3D halide perovskites and 2D halide perovskites give rise to their disparate materials properties, discusses strategies for realizing mixed-dimensional systems of various architectures through solution-processing techniques, and presents a comprehensive outlook for the use of 3D-2D systems in solar cells. Finally, we investigate applications of 3D-2D systems beyond photovoltaics and offer our perspective on mixed-dimensional perovskite systems as semiconductor materials with unrivaled tunability, efficiency, and technologically relevant durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Metcalf
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Siraj Sidhik
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ayush Agrawal
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jessica Persaud
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Jacky Even
- Université de Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR 6082, 35708 Rennes, France
| | - Aditya D Mohite
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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5
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Simbula A, Wu L, Pitzalis F, Pau R, Lai S, Liu F, Matta S, Marongiu D, Quochi F, Saba M, Mura A, Bongiovanni G. Exciton dissociation in 2D layered metal-halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4125. [PMID: 37433858 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39831-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Layered 2D perovskites are making inroads as materials for photovoltaics and light emitting diodes, but their photophysics is still lively debated. Although their large exciton binding energies should hinder charge separation, significant evidence has been uncovered for an abundance of free carriers among optical excitations. Several explanations have been proposed, like exciton dissociation at grain boundaries or polaron formation, without clarifying yet if excitons form and then dissociate, or if the formation is prevented by competing relaxation processes. Here we address exciton stability in layered Ruddlesden-Popper PEA2PbI4 (PEA stands for phenethylammonium) both in form of thin film and single crystal, by resonant injection of cold excitons, whose dissociation is then probed with femtosecond differential transmission. We show the intrinsic nature of exciton dissociation in 2D layered perovskites, demonstrating that both 2D and 3D perovskites are free carrier semiconductors and their photophysics is described by a unique and universal framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Simbula
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy.
| | - Luyan Wu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Federico Pitzalis
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Riccardo Pau
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 09747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Lai
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Selene Matta
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Daniela Marongiu
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Quochi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Michele Saba
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mura
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bongiovanni
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, I-09042, Italy
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6
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Zhu C, Nguyen T, Boehme SC, Moskalenko A, Dirin DN, Bodnarchuk MI, Katan C, Even J, Rainò G, Kovalenko MV. Many-Body Correlations and Exciton Complexes in CsPbBr 3 Quantum Dots. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2208354. [PMID: 36537857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202208354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
All-inorganic lead-halide perovskite (LHP) (CsPbX3 , X = Cl, Br, I) quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as a competitive platform for classical light-emitting devices (in the weak light-matter interaction regime, e.g., LEDs and laser), as well as for devices exploiting strong light-matter interaction at room temperature. Many-body interactions and quantum correlations among photogenerated exciton complexes play an essential role, for example, by determining the laser threshold, the overall brightness of LEDs, and the single-photon purity in quantum light sources. Here, by combining cryogenic single-QD photoluminescence spectroscopy with configuration-interaction (CI) calculations, the size-dependent trion and biexciton binding energies are addressed. Trion binding energies increase from 7 to 17 meV for QD sizes decreasing from 30 to 9 nm, while the biexciton binding energies increase from 15 to 30 meV, respectively. CI calculations quantitatively corroborate the experimental results and suggest that the effective dielectric constant for biexcitons slightly deviates from the one of the single excitons, potentially as a result of coupling to the lattice in the multiexciton regime. The findings here provide a deep insight into the multiexciton properties in all-inorganic LHP QDs, essential for classical and quantum optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglian Zhu
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Tan Nguyen
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Simon C Boehme
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiia Moskalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry N Dirin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Katan
- Univ Rennes, ENSCR, CNRS, ISCR - UMR6226, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Jacky Even
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON - UMR6082, Rennes, F-35000, France
| | - Gabriele Rainò
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dubendorf, CH-8600, Switzerland
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7
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Sun Q, Zhao C, Yin Z, Wang S, Leng J, Tian W, Jin S. Ultrafast and High-Yield Polaronic Exciton Dissociation in Two-Dimensional Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:19128-19136. [PMID: 34730344 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Layered two-dimensional (2D) lead halide perovskites are a class of quantum well (QW) materials, holding dramatic potentials for optical and optoelectronic applications. However, the thermally activated exciton dissociation into free carriers in 2D perovskites, a key property that determines their optoelectronic performance, was predicted to be weak due to large exciton binding energy (Eb, about 100-400 meV). Herein, in contrast to the theoretical prediction, we discover an ultrafast (<1.4 ps) and highly efficient (>80%) internal exciton dissociation in (PEA)2(MA)n-1PbnI3n+1 (PEA = C6H5C2H4NH3+, MA = CH3NH3+, n = 2-4) 2D perovskites despite the large Eb. We demonstrate that the exciton dissociation activity in 2D perovskites is significantly promoted because of the formation of exciton-polarons with considerably reduced exciton binding energy (down to a few tens of millielectronvolts) by the polaronic screening effect. This ultrafast and high-yield exciton dissociation limits the photoluminescence of 2D perovskites but on the other hand well explains their exceptional performance in photovoltaic devices. The finding should represent a common exciton property in the 2D hybrid perovskite family and provide a guideline for their rational applications in light emitting and photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Display Materials and Devices, Institute of Optoelectronics & Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chunyi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zixi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Wenming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shengye Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and the Dynamic Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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8
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Huang YT, Kavanagh SR, Scanlon DO, Walsh A, Hoye RLZ. Perovskite-inspired materials for photovoltaics and beyond-from design to devices. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:132004. [PMID: 33260167 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lead-halide perovskites have demonstrated astonishing increases in power conversion efficiency in photovoltaics over the last decade. The most efficient perovskite devices now outperform industry-standard multi-crystalline silicon solar cells, despite the fact that perovskites are typically grown at low temperature using simple solution-based methods. However, the toxicity of lead and its ready solubility in water are concerns for widespread implementation. These challenges, alongside the many successes of the perovskites, have motivated significant efforts across multiple disciplines to find lead-free and stable alternatives which could mimic the ability of the perovskites to achieve high performance with low temperature, facile fabrication methods. This Review discusses the computational and experimental approaches that have been taken to discover lead-free perovskite-inspired materials, and the recent successes and challenges in synthesizing these compounds. The atomistic origins of the extraordinary performance exhibited by lead-halide perovskites in photovoltaic devices is discussed, alongside the key challenges in engineering such high-performance in alternative, next-generation materials. Beyond photovoltaics, this Review discusses the impact perovskite-inspired materials have had in spurring efforts to apply new materials in other optoelectronic applications, namely light-emitting diodes, photocatalysts, radiation detectors, thin film transistors and memristors. Finally, the prospects and key challenges faced by the field in advancing the development of perovskite-inspired materials towards realization in commercial devices is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Teng Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Seán R Kavanagh
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - David O Scanlon
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Aron Walsh
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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9
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Lacroix A, de Laissardière GT, Quémerais P, Julien JP, Mayou D. Modeling of Electronic Mobilities in Halide Perovskites: Adiabatic Quantum Localization Scenario. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:196601. [PMID: 32469540 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.196601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The transport properties of MAPbI3 are analyzed within a tight-binding model. We find a strong Fröhlich interaction of electron and holes with the electrostatic potential induced by the longitudinal optical phonon modes. This potential induces a strong scattering and limits the electronic mobilities at room temperature to about 200 cm^{2}/V s. With additional extrinsic disorder, a large fraction of the electrons and holes are localized, but they can diffuse by following nearly adiabatically the evolution of the electrostatic potential. This process of diffusion, at a rate which is given by the lattice dynamics, contributes to the unique electronic properties of this material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lacroix
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Trambly de Laissardière
- CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique théorique et Modélisation, F-95302 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Pascal Quémerais
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Julien
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Didier Mayou
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
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10
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Ghosh D, Welch E, Neukirch AJ, Zakhidov A, Tretiak S. Polarons in Halide Perovskites: A Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3271-3286. [PMID: 32216360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have rapidly emerged as leading contenders in photovoltaic technology and other optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. After a decade of intense research, an in-depth understanding of the charge carrier transport in MHPs is still an active topic of debate. In this Perspective, we discuss the current state of the field by summarizing the most extensively studied carrier transport mechanisms, such as electron-phonon scattering limited dynamics, ferroelectric effects, Rashba-type band splitting, and polaronic transport. We further extensively discuss the emerging experimental and computational evidence for dominant polaronic carrier dynamics in MHPs. Focusing on both small and large polarons, we explore the fundamental aspects of their motion through the lattice, protecting the photogenerated charge carriers from the recombination process. Finally, we outline different physical and chemical approaches considered recently to study and exploit the polaron transport in MHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Eric Welch
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Alex Zakhidov
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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Bretschneider SA, Ivanov I, Wang HI, Miyata K, Zhu X, Bonn M. Quantifying Polaron Formation and Charge Carrier Cooling in Lead-Iodide Perovskites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1707312. [PMID: 29847699 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201707312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Notwithstanding the success of lead-halide perovskites in emerging solar energy conversion technologies, many of the fundamental photophysical phenomena in this material remain debated. Here, the initial steps following photogeneration of free charge carriers in lead-iodide perovskites are studied, and timescales of charge carrier cooling and polaron formation, as a function of temperature and charge carrier excess energy, are quantified. It is found, using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), that the observed femtosecond rise in the photoconductivity can be described very well using a simple model of sequential charge carrier cooling and polaron formation. For excitation above the bandgap, the carrier cooling time depends on the charge carrier excess energy and lattice temperature, with cooling rates varying between 1 and 6 meV fs-1 , depending on the cation. While carrier cooling depends on the cation, polaron formation occurs within ≈400 fs in CH3 NH3 PbI3 (MAPbI3 ), CH(NH2 )2 PbI3 (FAPbI3 ), and CsPbI3 . Its formation time is independent of temperature between 160 and 295 K. The very similar polaron formation dynamics observed for the three perovskites points to the critical role of the inorganic lattice, rather than the cations, for polaron formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon A Bretschneider
- Molecular Spectroscopy Group, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Max Planck Graduate Center, 55122, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Molecular Spectroscopy Group, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hai I Wang
- Molecular Spectroscopy Group, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Kiyoshi Miyata
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Mischa Bonn
- Molecular Spectroscopy Group, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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Eperon GE, Jedlicka E, Ginger DS. Biexciton Auger Recombination Differs in Hybrid and Inorganic Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:104-109. [PMID: 29256619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We use time-resolved photoluminescence measurements to determine the biexciton Auger recombination rate in both hybrid organic-inorganic and fully inorganic halide perovskite nanocrystals as a function of nanocrystal volume. We find that the volume scaling of the biexciton Auger rate in the hybrid perovskites, containing a polar organic A-site cation, is significantly shallower than in the fully inorganic Cs-based nanocrystals. As the nanocrystals become smaller, the Auger rate in the hybrid nanocrystals increases even less than expected, compared to the fully inorganic nanocrystals, which already show a shallower volume dependence than other material systems such as chalcogenide quantum dots. This finding suggests there may be differences in the strength of Coulombic interactions between the fully inorganic and hybrid perovskites, which may prove to be crucial in selecting materials to obtain the highest performing devices in the future, and hints that there could be something "special" about the hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giles E Eperon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
- Cavendish Laboratory , JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Erin Jedlicka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
| | - David S Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98105, United States
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Ghosh T, Aharon S, Etgar L, Ruhman S. Free Carrier Emergence and Onset of Electron–Phonon Coupling in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18262-18270. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tufan Ghosh
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91904
| | - Sigalit Aharon
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91904
| | - Lioz Etgar
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91904
| | - Sanford Ruhman
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel 91904
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