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Keszei S, Wang Y, Zhou H, Ollár T, Kováts É, Frey K, Tapasztó L, Shen S, Pap JS. Hydrogen evolution driven by heteroatoms of bidentate N-heterocyclic ligands in iron(II) complexes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14817-14829. [PMID: 39171517 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt02081b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
While Pt is considered the best catalyst for the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), it is evident that non-noble metal alternatives must be explored. In this regard, it is well known that the binding sites for non-noble metals play a pivotal role in facilitating efficient catalysis. Herein, we studied Fe(II) complexes with bidentate 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzoxazole (LO), 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzthiazole (LS), 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole (LNH), and 2-2'-bipyridyl (Lpy) ligands - by adding trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) to their acetonitrile solution - in order to examine how their reactivity towards protons under reductive conditions could be impacted by the non-coordinating heteroatoms (S, O, N, or none). By applying this ligand series, we found that the reduction potentials relevant for HER correlate with ligand basicity in the presence of TFA. Moreover, DFT calculations underlined the importance of charge distribution in the ligand-based LUMO and LUMO+1 orbitals of the complexes, dependent on the heterocycle. Kinetic studies and controlled potential electrolysis - using TFA as a proton source - revealed HER activities for the complexes with LNH, LO, and LS of kobs = 0.03, 1.1, and 10.8 s-1 at overpotentials of 0.81, 0.76, and 0.79 V, respectively, and pointed towards a correlation between the kinetics of the reaction and the non-coordinating heteroatoms of the ligands. In particular, the activity was associated with the [Fe(LS/O/NH)2(S)2]2+ form (S = solvent or substrate molecule), and the rate-determining step involved the formation of [Fe(H-H)]+, during the weakening of Fe-H and CF3CO2-H bonds, according to the experimental and DFT results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soma Keszei
- Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary.
- Centre for Energy Research, Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yiqing Wang
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Haotian Zhou
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Tamás Ollár
- Centre for Energy Research, Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Kováts
- Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, P.O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Frey
- Centre for Energy Research, Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Tapasztó
- Centre for Energy Research, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Shaohua Shen
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MFPE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - József Sándor Pap
- Centre for Energy Research, Surface Chemistry and Catalysis Department, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege út 29-33, Budapest, Hungary
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Kumar P, M B, Rasool A, Demeshko S, Bommakanti S, Mukhopadhyay N, Gupta R, Dar MA, Ghosh M. Bioinspired Diiron Complex with Proton Shuttling and Redox-Active Ligand for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:16146-16160. [PMID: 38985539 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
A μ-oxo diiron complex, featuring the pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide-based thiazoline-derived redox-active ligand, H2L (H2L = N2,N6-bis(4,5-dihydrothiazol-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide), was synthesized and thoroughly characterized. [FeIII-(μ-O)-FeIII] showed electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction activity in the presence of different organic acids of varying pKa values in dimethylformamide. Through electrochemical analysis, we found that [FeIII-(μ-O)-FeIII] is a precatalyst that undergoes concerted two-electron reduction to generate an active catalyst. Fourier transform infrared spectrum of reduced species and density functional theory (DFT) investigation indicate that the active catalyst contains a bridged hydroxo unit which serves as a local proton source for the Fe(III) hydride intermediate to release H2. We propose that in this active catalyst, the thiazolinium moiety acts as a proton-transferring group. Additionally, under sufficiently strong acidic conditions, bridged oxygen gets protonated before two-electron reduction. In the presence of exogenous acids of varying strengths, it displays electro-assisted catalytic response at a distinct applied potential. Stepwise electron-transfer and protonation reactions on the metal center and the ligand were studied through DFT to understand the thermodynamically favorable pathways. An ECEC or EECC mechanism is proposed depending on the acid strength and applied potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Delhi NCR, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Bharath M
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Delhi NCR, Haryana 131029, India
| | - Anjumun Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Tammannstrasse 4, Göttingen D 37077, Germany
| | - Suresh Bommakanti
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Khurda, Odisha 752050, India
| | - Narottam Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Munmun Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Ashoka University, Sonipat, Delhi NCR, Haryana 131029, India
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Droghetti F, Lucarini F, Molinari A, Ruggi A, Natali M. Recent findings and future directions in photosynthetic hydrogen evolution using polypyridine cobalt complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10658-10673. [PMID: 35475511 PMCID: PMC9936794 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00476c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The production of hydrogen gas using water as the molecular substrate currently represents one of the most challenging and appealing reaction schemes in the field of artificial photosynthesis (AP), i.e., the conversion of solar energy into fuels. In order to be efficient, this process requires a suitable combination of a light-harvesting sensitizer, an electron donor, and a hydrogen-evolving catalyst (HEC). In the last few years, cobalt polypyridine complexes have been discovered to be competent molecular catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), showing enhanced efficiency and stability with respect to previously reported molecular species. This perspective collects information about all relevant cobalt polypyridine complexes employed for the HER in aqueous solution under light-driven conditions in the presence of Ru(bpy)32+ (where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) as the photosensitizer and ascorbate as the electron donor, trying to highlight promising chemical motifs and aiming towards efficient catalytic activity in order to stimulate further efforts to design molecular catalysts for hydrogen generation and allow their profitable implementation in devices. As a final step, a few suggestions for the benchmarking of HECs employed under light-driven conditions are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Droghetti
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Fiorella Lucarini
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Alessandra Molinari
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Albert Ruggi
- Département de Chimie, Université de Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Mirco Natali
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and Agricultural Sciences (DOCPAS), University of Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
- Centro Interuniversitario per la Conversione Chimica dell'Energia Solare (SolarChem), sez. di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Squarcina A, Fehn D, Senft L, Langer J, Ivanović‐Burmazović I. Dinuclear Zn Complex: Phenoxyl Radical Formation Driven by Superoxide Coordination. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Squarcina
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Butenandtstr. 5–13, Haus D 81377 München Germany
| | - Dominik Fehn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Laura Senft
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Jens Langer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg Egerlandstrasse 1 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Ivana Ivanović‐Burmazović
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Butenandtstr. 5–13, Haus D 81377 München Germany
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Bonetto R, Altieri R, Tagliapietra M, Barbon A, Bonchio M, Robert M, Sartorel A. Electrochemical Conversion of CO 2 to CO by a Competent Fe I Intermediate Bearing a Schiff Base Ligand. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4111-4120. [PMID: 32657523 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Iron complexes with a N2 O2 -type N,N'-bis(salicylaldehyde)-1,2-phenylenediamine salophen ligand catalyze the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in acetonitrile with phenol as the proton donor, giving rise to 90-99 % selectivity, faradaic efficiency up to 58 %, and turnover frequency up to 103 s-1 at an overpotential of 0.65 V. This novel class of molecular catalyst for CO2 reduction operate through a mononuclear FeI intermediate, with phenol being involved in the process with first-order kinetics. The molecular nature of the catalyst and the low cost, easy synthesis and functionalization of the salophen ligand paves the way for catalyst engineering and optimization. Competitive electrodeposition of the coordination complex at the electrode surface results in the formation of iron-based nanoparticles, which are active towards heterogeneous electrocatalytic processes mainly leading to proton reduction to hydrogen (faradaic efficiency up to 80 %) but also to the direct reduction of CO2 to methane with a faradaic efficiency of 1-2 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruggero Bonetto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Altieri
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Mirko Tagliapietra
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Barbon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Marc Robert
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université de Paris, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS, 75006, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Squarcina A, Santoro A, Hickey N, De Zorzi R, Carraro M, Geremia S, Bortolus M, Di Valentin M, Bonchio M. Neutralization of Reactive Oxygen Species at Dinuclear Cu(II)-Cores: Tuning the Antioxidant Manifold in Water by Ligand Design. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Neal Hickey
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita De Zorzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Silvano Geremia
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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8
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Bergamini G, Natali M. Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous catalysis for hydrogen evolution by a nickel(ii) bis(diphosphine) complex. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14653-14661. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02846c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A nickel(ii) bis(diphosphine) complex bearing carboxylic acid groups has been tested as a catalyst for hydrogen evolution under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bergamini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- Ferrara
- Italy
| | - Mirco Natali
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Ferrara
- Ferrara
- Italy
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Zhao D, Shao Q, Zhang Y, Huang X. N-Doped carbon shelled bimetallic phosphates for efficient electrochemical overall water splitting. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:22787-22791. [PMID: 30488052 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07756h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal phosphates are regarded as promising electrocatalysts, while their activity and stability for overall water splitting are not yet fully satisfactory. In order to overcome these limitations, herein we develop a new class of N-doped carbon shelled bimetallic phosphates ((FexCoy)P2O7@N-C) as efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. The shelled bimetallic phosphates can lower the OER overpotential by up to 100 mV compared with their unshelled phosphate counterparts as well as show superior stability up to 80 h at a high current density of 40 mA cm-2 for alkaline water splitting. Detailed studies reveal that the newly formed metal oxyhydroxide/oxide/hydroxide during electrocatalysis plays key roles in the activity enhancement. In addition, the N-doped carbon shell can largely prevent serious corrosion/aggregation with the surface environment being largely maintained, showing a unique strategy for designing non-precious electrocatalysts with largely improved activity and stability for overall water splitting and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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