1
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Bhattacharyya HP, Sarma M. Efficiency Conceptualization Model: A Theoretical Method for Predicting the Turnover of Catalysts. Chemphyschem 2024:e202400004. [PMID: 38619023 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202400004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
In recent times, the theoretical prediction of catalytic efficiency is of utmost urgency. With the advent of density functional theory (DFT), reliable computations can delineate a quantitative aspect of the study. To this state-of-the-art approach, valuable incorporation would be a tool that can acknowledge the efficiency of a catalyst. In the current work, we developed the efficiency conceptualization model (ECM) that utilizes the quantum mechanical tool to achieve efficiency in terms of turnover frequency (TOF). Twenty-six experimentally designed transition metal (TM) water oxidation catalysts were chosen under similar experimental conditions of temperature, pressure, and pH to execute the same. The computations conclude that the Fe-based [Fe(OTf)2(Me2Pytacn)] (MWOC-17) is a highly active catalyst and, therefore, can endure for more time in the catalytic cycle. Our results conclude that the Ir-based catalysts [Cp*Ir(κ2-N,O)X] with MWOC-23: X=Cl; and MWOC-24: X=NO3 report the highest computed turnover numbers (TONs),τ c o m p u t e d T O N 0 ${\tau _{computed\;TON}^0 }$ of 406 and 490 against the highest experimental TONs,τ e x p e r i m e n t a l T O N ${\tau _{experimental\;TON} }$ of 1200 and 2000 respectively, whereas the Co-based [Co(12-TMC)]2+ (MWOC-19) has the lowest TONs (τ c o m p u t e d T O N 0 ${\tau _{computed\;TON}^0 }$ =19, τexperimental TON=16) among the chosen catalysts and thereby successful in corroborating the previous experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manabendra Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
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2
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Bols ML, Ma J, Rammal F, Plessers D, Wu X, Navarro-Jaén S, Heyer AJ, Sels BF, Solomon EI, Schoonheydt RA. In Situ UV-Vis-NIR Absorption Spectroscopy and Catalysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2352-2418. [PMID: 38408190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
This review highlights in situ UV-vis-NIR range absorption spectroscopy in catalysis. A variety of experimental techniques identifying reaction mechanisms, kinetics, and structural properties are discussed. Stopped flow techniques, use of laser pulses, and use of experimental perturbations are demonstrated for in situ studies of enzymatic, homogeneous, heterogeneous, and photocatalysis. They access different time scales and are applicable to different reaction systems and catalyst types. In photocatalysis, femto- and nanosecond resolved measurements through transient absorption are discussed for tracking excited states. UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopies for structural characterization are demonstrated especially for Cu and Fe exchanged zeolites and metalloenzymes. This requires combining different spectroscopies. Combining magnetic circular dichroism and resonance Raman spectroscopy is especially powerful. A multitude of phenomena can be tracked on transition metal catalysts on various supports, including changes in oxidation state, adsorptions, reactions, support interactions, surface plasmon resonances, and band gaps. Measurements of oxidation states, oxygen vacancies, and band gaps are shown on heterogeneous catalysts, especially for electrocatalysis. UV-vis-NIR absorption is burdened by broad absorption bands. Advanced analysis techniques enable the tracking of coking reactions on acid zeolites despite convoluted spectra. The value of UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy to catalyst characterization and mechanistic investigation is clear but could be expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max L Bols
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT), University of Ghent, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 125, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fatima Rammal
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dieter Plessers
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xuejiao Wu
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sara Navarro-Jaén
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander J Heyer
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Bert F Sels
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edward I Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert A Schoonheydt
- Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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3
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Aharon S, Patra SG, Meyerstein D, Tzur E, Shamir D, Albo Y, Burg A. Heterogeneous Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction by a Sol-Gel Electrode with Entrapped Na 3 [Ru 2 (μ-CO 3 ) 4 ]: The Effect of NaHCO 3. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300517. [PMID: 37655884 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The Na3 [Ru2 (μ-CO3 )4 ] complex is acting as a water oxidation catalyst in a homogeneous system. Due to the significance of heterogeneous systems and the effect of bicarbonate on the kinetic, we studied the bicarbonate effect on the heterogeneous electrocatalyst by entrapping the Na3 [Ru2 (μ-CO3 )4 ] complex in a sol-gel matrix. We have developed two types of sol-gel electrodes, which differ by the precursor, and are demonstrating their stability over a minimum of 200 electrochemical cycles. The pH increases affected the currents and kcat for both types of electrodes, and their hydrophobicity, which was obtained from the precursor type, influenced the electrocatalytic process rate. The results indicate that NaHCO3 has an important role in the catalytic activity of the presented heterogeneous systems; without NaHCO3 , the diffusing species is probably OH- , which undergoes diffusion via the Grotthuss mechanism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present a simple and fast one-step entrapment process for the Na3 [Ru2 (μ-CO3 )4 ] complex by the sol-gel method under standard laboratory conditions. The results contribute to optimizing the WSP, ultimately helping expand the usage of hydrogen as a green and more readily available energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiran Aharon
- Chemical Sciences Department, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
- Chemical Engineering Department, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva, 8410802, Israel
| | - Shanti Gopal Patra
- Chemical Sciences Department, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Dan Meyerstein
- Chemical Sciences Department, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
- Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 8410501, Israel
| | - Eyal Tzur
- Chemical Engineering Department, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Ashdod, 77245, Israel
| | - Dror Shamir
- Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84190, Israel
| | - Yael Albo
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Ariela Burg
- Chemical Engineering Department, Sami Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva, 8410802, Israel
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4
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Noll N, Groß T, Shoyama K, Beuerle F, Würthner F. Folding-Induced Promotion of Proton-Coupled Electron Transfers via Proximal Base for Light-Driven Water Oxidation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217745. [PMID: 36511298 PMCID: PMC10107485 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Proton-coupled electron-transfer (PCET) processes play a key role in biocatalytic energy conversion and storage, for example, photosynthesis or nitrogen fixation. Here, we report a series of bipyridine-containing di- to tetranuclear Ru(bda) macrocycles 2 C-4 C (bda: 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylate) to promote O-O bond formation. In photocatalytic water oxidation under neutral conditions, all complexes 2 C-4 C prevail in a folded conformation that support the water nucleophilic attack (WNA) pathway with remarkable turnover frequencies of up to 15.5 s-1 per Ru unit respectively. Single-crystal X-ray analysis revealed an increased tendency for intramolecular π-π stacking and preorganization of the proximal bases close to the active centers for the larger macrocycles. H/D kinetic isotope effect studies and electrochemical data demonstrate the key role of the proximal bipyridines as proton acceptors in lowering the activation barrier for the crucial nucleophilic attack of H2 O in the WNA mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Noll
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Groß
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Beuerle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC), Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
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5
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Yazdani S, Breyer CJ, Kumari P, Rheingold AL, Jazzar R, Bertrand G, Grotjahn DB. Six-coordinate ruthenium water oxidation catalysts bearing equatorial polypyridinedicarboxylato and axial phosphine ligands. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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6
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Ghosh A, Dasgupta S, Kundu A, Mandal S. The impact of secondary coordination sphere engineering on water oxidation reactivity catalysed by molecular ruthenium complexes: a next-generation approach to develop advanced catalysts. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10320-10337. [PMID: 35730327 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01124g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Water oxidation is the bottleneck for producing hydrogen from the water-splitting reaction. Developing efficient water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) has recently been of paramount interest. Ruthenium-based WOCs have gained much attention due to their enriched redox property, robust nature, and superior catalytic performances compared to other transition metal-based molecular catalysts. The performance of a catalyst is highly dependent on the design of the ligand framework. In nature, the secondary coordination sphere around the active site of a metalloenzyme plays a vital role in catalysis. This principle has been employed in the recent development of efficient catalysts. With the aid of secondary interactions, some landmark Ru-based WOCs, producing remarkable turnover frequencies (TOFs) in the order of 104 s-1, have been developed. In this account, we have discussed the underlying chemistry related to the effect of secondary interactions (such as hydrogen-bonding, π-π stacking, electrostatic interaction, hydrophobic-hydrophilic environment, etc.) on the kinetics of the water oxidation reaction catalysed by molecular Ru-complexes. The use of secondary interactions (such as π-π and C-H⋯π) in anchoring the molecular catalyst onto the solid conducting surface has also been discussed. We aim to provide a brief overview of the positive impact of outer-sphere engineering on water oxidation reactivity, which may offer guidelines for developing the next generation of advanced catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Sreeja Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Animesh Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
| | - Sukanta Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721302, India.
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7
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Chemical and electrochemical water oxidation catalyzed by heteroleptic Ru(III) complexes of anionic 2,6 pyridine dicarboxylate ligand: Experimental and theoretical study. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Ghaderian A, Kazim S, Khaja Nazeeruddin M, Ahmad S. Strategic factors to design the next generation of molecular water oxidation catalysts: Lesson learned from ruthenium complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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9
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Vereshchuk N, Holub J, Gil-Sepulcre M, Benet-Buchholz J, Llobet A. Fate of the Molecular Ru–Phosphonate Water Oxidation Catalyst under Turnover Conditions. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Vereshchuk
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Marcel lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jan Holub
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Marcos Gil-Sepulcre
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Govindarajan N, Beks H, Meijer EJ. Variability of Ligand pKa during Homogeneously Catalyzed Aqueous Methanol Dehydrogenation. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Govindarajan
- Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling and Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Catalysis Theory Center, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hugo Beks
- Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling and Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Jan Meijer
- Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling and Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Schilling M, Cunha RA, Luber S. Enhanced Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Exploration Unveils the Complex Role of Different Intramolecular Bases on the Water Nucleophilic Attack Mechanism. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Schilling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Richard A. Cunha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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12
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Han R, Luber S. Complete active space analysis of a reaction pathway: Investigation of the oxygen–oxygen bond formation. J Comput Chem 2020; 41:1586-1597. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruocheng Han
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Zürich Zürich Switzerland
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13
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Schilling M, Cunha RA, Luber S. Zooming in on the O–O Bond Formation—An Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study Applying Enhanced Sampling Techniques. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:2436-2449. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Schilling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Richard A. Cunha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Matias TA, Keppler AF, Bartoloni FH. In need of a second-hand? The second coordination sphere of ruthenium complexes enables water oxidation with improved catalytic activity. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16034-16046. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02958k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A ligand dangling arm, acting as an intramolecular proton acceptor, drastically increasing the catalytic activity of Ru-complexes for water oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago A. Matias
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH)
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC)
- Santo André
- Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry
| | - Artur F. Keppler
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH)
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC)
- Santo André
- Brazil
| | - Fernando H. Bartoloni
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH)
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC)
- Santo André
- Brazil
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15
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Fredin LA, Wallenstein J, Sundin E, Jarenmark M, Barbosa de Mattos DF, Persson P, Abrahamsson M. Excited State Dynamics of Bistridentate and Trisbidentate Ru II Complexes of Quinoline-Pyrazole Ligands. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16354-16363. [PMID: 31800221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three homoleptic ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(Q3PzH)3]2+, [Ru(Q1Pz)3]2+, and [Ru(DQPz)2]2+, based on the quinoline-pyrazole ligands, Q3PzH (8-(3-pyrazole)-quinoline), Q1Pz (8-(1-pyrazole)-quinoline), and DQPz (bis(quinolinyl)-1,3-pyrazole), have been spectroscopically and theoretically investigated. Spectral component analysis, transient absorption spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and ligand exchange reactions with different chlorination agents reveal that the excited state dynamics for Ru(II) complexes with these biheteroaromatic ligands differ significantly from that of traditional polypyridyl complexes. Despite the high energy and low reorganization energy of the excited state, nonradiative decay dominates even at liquid nitrogen temperatures, where triplet metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer emission quantum yields range from 0.7 to 3.8%, and microsecond excited state lifetimes are observed. In contrast to traditional polypyridyl complexes where ligand exchange is facilitated by expansion of the metal-ligand bonds to stabilize a metal-centered state, photoinduced ligand exchange occurs in the bidentate complexes despite no substantial MC state population, while the tridentate complex is extremely photostable despite an activated decay route, highlighting the versatile photochemistry of nonpolypyridine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Fredin
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Center , Lund University , Box 124, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Joachim Wallenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Elin Sundin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Martin Jarenmark
- Department of Geology , Lund University , Solvegatan 12 , SE-22362 , Lund , Sweden
| | - Deise F Barbosa de Mattos
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Center , Lund University , Box 124, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
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16
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Muniz-Miranda F, De Bruecker L, De Vos A, Vanden Bussche F, Stevens CV, Van Der Voort P, Lejaeghere K, Van Speybroeck V. Optical Properties of Isolated and Covalent Organic Framework-Embedded Ruthenium Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6854-6867. [PMID: 31322892 PMCID: PMC6698874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Heterogenization
of RuL3 complexes on a support with
proper anchor points provides a route toward design of green catalysts.
In this paper, Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are investigated with
the aim to unravel the influence on the photocatalytic properties
of varying nitrogen content in the ligands and of embedding the complex
in a triazine-based covalent organic framework. To provide fundamental
insight into the electronic mechanisms underlying this behavior, a
computational study is performed. Both the ground and excited state
properties of isolated and anchored ruthenium complexes are theoretically
investigated by means of density functional theory and time-dependent
density functional theory. Varying the ligands among 2,2′-bipyridine,
2,2′-bipyrimidine, and 2,2′-bipyrazine allows us to
tune to a certain extent the optical gaps and the metal to ligand
charge transfer excitations. Heterogenization of the complex within
a CTF support has a significant effect on the nature and energy of
the electronic transitions. The allowed transitions are significantly
red-shifted toward the near IR region and involve transitions from
states localized on the CTF toward ligands attached to the ruthenium.
The study shows how variations in ligands and anchoring on proper
supports allows us to increase the range of wavelengths that may be
exploited for photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Muniz-Miranda
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Bruecker
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Arthur De Vos
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Flore Vanden Bussche
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Campus Coupure, Coupure Links 653 bl. B , 9000 Gent , Belgium.,Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S3) , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Campus Coupure, Coupure Links 653 bl. B , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S3) , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Kurt Lejaeghere
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
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17
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Determination of pKa Values via ab initio Molecular Dynamics and its Application to Transition Metal-Based Water Oxidation Catalysts. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7060073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The p K a values are important for the in-depth elucidation of catalytic processes, the computational determination of which has been challenging. The first simulation protocols employing ab initio molecular dynamics simulations to calculate p K a values appeared almost two decades ago. Since then several slightly different methods have been proposed. We compare the performance of various evaluation methods in order to determine the most reliable protocol when it comes to simulate p K a values of transition metal-based complexes, such as the here investigated Ru-based water oxidation catalysts. The latter are of high interest for sustainable solar-light driven water splitting, and understanding of the underlying reaction mechanism is crucial for their further development.
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Horst Pracejus Prize: A. Berkessel / Carl Duisberg Memorial Prize: S. Luber / GDCh Honorary Membership: F. Diederich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4441. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Horst‐Pracejus‐Preis: A. Berkessel / Carl‐Duisberg‐Gedächtnispreis: S. Luber / GDCh‐Ehrenmitgliedschaft: F. Diederich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Li YY, Gimbert C, Llobet A, Siegbahn PEM, Liao RZ. Quantum Chemical Study of the Mechanism of Water Oxidation Catalyzed by a Heterotrinuclear Ru 2 Mn Complex. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1101-1110. [PMID: 30604589 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The heterotrinuclear complex A {[RuII (H2 O)(tpy)]2 (μ-[MnII (H2 O)2 (bpp)2 ])}4+ [tpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, bpp=3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate] was found to catalyze water oxidation both electrochemically and photochemically with [Ru(bpy)3 ]3+ (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) as the photosensitizer and Na2 S2 O8 as the electron acceptor in neutral phosphate buffer. The mechanism of water oxidation catalyzed by this unprecedented trinuclear complex was studied by density functional calculations. The calculations showed that a series of oxidation and deprotonation events take place from A, leading to the formation of complex 1 (formal oxidation state of Ru1IV MnIII Ru2III ), which is the starting species for the catalytic cycle. Three sequential oxidations of 1 result in the generation of the catalytically competing species 4 (formal oxidation state of Ru1IV MnV Ru2IV ), which triggers the O-O bond formation. The direct coupling of two adjacent oxo ligands bound to Ru and Mn leads to the production of a superoxide intermediate Int1. This step was calculated to have a barrier of 7.2 kcal mol-1 at the B3LYP*-D3 level. Subsequent O2 release from Int1 turns out to be quite facile. Other possible pathways were found to be much less favorable, including water nucleophilic attack, the coupling of an oxo and a hydroxide, and the direct coupling pathway at a lower oxidation state (RuIV MnIV RuIV ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
| | - Carolina Gimbert
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Antoni Llobet
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ-BIST), Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Per E M Siegbahn
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P.R. China
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Fruehwald HM, Moghaddam RB, Zenkina OV, Easton EB. High-performance water oxidation catalysts based on the spontaneous deposition of ruthenium on electrochemically exfoliated graphene oxide. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy02017a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable highly active water oxidation reaction in acid over ruthenium loaded electrochemically exfoliated graphene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly M. Fruehwald
- Faculty of Science
- Ontario Tech University (University of Ontario Institute of Technology)
- Oshawa
- L1G 0C5 Canada
| | - Reza B. Moghaddam
- Faculty of Science
- Ontario Tech University (University of Ontario Institute of Technology)
- Oshawa
- L1G 0C5 Canada
| | - Olena V. Zenkina
- Faculty of Science
- Ontario Tech University (University of Ontario Institute of Technology)
- Oshawa
- L1G 0C5 Canada
| | - E. Bradley Easton
- Faculty of Science
- Ontario Tech University (University of Ontario Institute of Technology)
- Oshawa
- L1G 0C5 Canada
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Kundu A, Khan S, Dey S, Dutta C, Anoop A, Mandal S. Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Ruthenium(II) Complexes Having Pentadentate Scaffolds: Water Oxidation Activity and Deactivation Pathway. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Kundu
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Srimoyee Khan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Subhasis Dey
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Chiranjit Dutta
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Anakuthil Anoop
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
| | - Sukanta Mandal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; 721302 Kharagpur India
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Schilling M, Luber S. Computational Modeling of Cobalt-Based Water Oxidation: Current Status and Future Challenges. Front Chem 2018; 6:100. [PMID: 29721491 PMCID: PMC5915471 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A lot of effort is nowadays put into the development of novel water oxidation catalysts. In this context, mechanistic studies are crucial in order to elucidate the reaction mechanisms governing this complex process, new design paradigms and strategies how to improve the stability and efficiency of those catalysts. This review is focused on recent theoretical mechanistic studies in the field of homogeneous cobalt-based water oxidation catalysts. In the first part, computational methodologies and protocols are summarized and evaluated on the basis of their applicability toward real catalytic or smaller model systems, whereby special emphasis is laid on the choice of an appropriate model system. In the second part, an overview of mechanistic studies is presented, from which conceptual guidelines are drawn on how to approach novel studies of catalysts and how to further develop the field of computational modeling of water oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Schilling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Schilling M, Böhler M, Luber S. Towards the rational design of the Py5-ligand framework for ruthenium-based water oxidation catalysts. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10480-10490. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An in–depth view on the water oxidation mechanism of Py5-derived Ru catalysts, paving the way for rational design of analogous water oxidation catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Schilling
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry C Winterthurerstrasse
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Michael Böhler
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry C Winterthurerstrasse
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Sandra Luber
- University of Zurich
- Department of Chemistry C Winterthurerstrasse
- CH-8057 Zurich
- Switzerland
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