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Liu J, Kang R, Yang X, Xie H, Cui X, Ren M, Feng X, Meng D. Sustainable cellobionic acid biosynthesis from starch via artificial in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129641. [PMID: 38262552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Cellobionic acid (CBA), a kind of aldobionic acid, offers potential applications in the fields of pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and chemical industry. To tackle the high cost of the substrate cellobiose in CBA production using quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase, this study developed a coenzyme-free and phosphate-balanced in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystem (ivSEBS) to enable the sustainable CBA synthesis from cost-effective starch in one-pot via the CBA-synthesis module and gluconic acid-supply module. The metabolic fluxes of this artificial biosystem were strengthened using design-build-test-analysis strategy, which involved exquisite pathway design, meticulous enzyme selection, module validation and integration, and optimization of the key enzyme dosage. Under the optimized conditions, a remarkable concentration of 6.2 g/L CBA was achieved from initial 10 g/L maltodextrin with a starch-to-CBA molar conversion rate of 60 %. Taking into account that the biosystem simultaneously accumulated 3.6 g/L of gluconic acid, the maltodextrin utilization rate was calculated to be 93.3 %. Furthermore, a straightforward scaling-up process was performed to evaluate the industrial potential of this enzymatic biosystem, resulting in a yield of 21.2 g/L CBA from 50 g/L maltodextrin. This study presents an artificial ivSEBS for sustainable production of CBA from inexpensive starch, demonstrating an alternative paradigm for biomanufacturing of other aldobionic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Runyuan Kang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Hanhan Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyu Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Mengfei Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Xinming Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongdong Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, Shandong, China.
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Liu M, Song Y, Zhang YHPJ, You C. Carrier-Free Immobilization of Multi-Enzyme Complex Facilitates In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Biosystem for Biomanufacturing. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202153. [PMID: 36538347 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A method is developed for carrier-free immobilization of multi-enzyme complexes with more than four enzymes by utilization of polypeptide interactions (SpyCatcher-SpyTag and dockerin-cohesin) and enzyme component self-oligomerization. Two pairs of scaffoldins with different arrangements of SpyCatcher-SpyTag and cohesins are prepared to recruit the four dockerin-containing cascade enzymes (i. e., alpha-glucan phosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, inositol 1-phosphate synthase, and inositol 1-phosphatase) that can convert starch into inositol, forming multi-enzyme complexes. These self-assembled enzyme complexes show higher initial reaction rates than the four-enzyme cocktail. Moreover, water-insoluble self-assembled multi-enzyme complexes are observed, being the carrier-free immobilized multi-enzyme complex aggregates. These immobilized enzyme complexes can be recycled easily by simple centrifuging followed by resuspension for another round of reaction. Not only can these immobilized enzyme complexes be obtained by mixing the purified enzyme components, but also by the mixing of crude cell extracts. Therefore, the strategy for the carrier-free immobilization of enzyme complex sheds light on improving the catalytic capability of in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Song
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
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Qin Y, Li Q, Fan L, Ning X, Wei X, You C. Biomanufacturing by In Vitro Biotransformation (ivBT) Using Purified Cascade Multi-enzymes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 186:1-27. [PMID: 37455283 DOI: 10.1007/10_2023_231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro biotransformation (ivBT) refers to the use of an artificial biological reaction system that employs purified enzymes for the one-pot conversion of low-cost materials into biocommodities such as ethanol, organic acids, and amino acids. Unshackled from cell growth and metabolism, ivBT exhibits distinct advantages compared with metabolic engineering, including but not limited to high engineering flexibility, ease of operation, fast reaction rate, high product yields, and good scalability. These characteristics position ivBT as a promising next-generation biomanufacturing platform. Nevertheless, challenges persist in the enhancement of bulk enzyme preparation methods, the acquisition of enzymes with superior catalytic properties, and the development of sophisticated approaches for pathway design and system optimization. In alignment with the workflow of ivBT development, this chapter presents a systematic introduction to pathway design, enzyme mining and engineering, system construction, and system optimization. The chapter also proffers perspectives on ivBT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Qin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiangzi Li
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Fan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Danish College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Ning
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlei Wei
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
| | - Chun You
- In Vitro Synthetic Biology Center, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, China.
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, China.
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Li G, Wei X, Wu R, Zhou W, Li Y, Zhu Z, You C. Stoichiometric Conversion of Maltose for Biomanufacturing by In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Biosystems. BIODESIGN RESEARCH 2022; 2022:9806749. [PMID: 37850132 PMCID: PMC10521662 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9806749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Maltose is a natural α-(1,4)-linked disaccharide with wide applications in food industries and microbial fermentation. However, maltose has scarcely been used for in vitro biosynthesis, possibly because its phosphorylation by maltose phosphorylase (MP) yields β-glucose 1-phosphate (β-G1P) that cannot be utilized by α-phosphoglucomutase (α-PGM) commonly found in in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems previously constructed by our group. Herein, we designed an in vitro synthetic enzymatic reaction module comprised of MP, β-phosphoglucomutase (β-PGM), and polyphosphate glucokinase (PPGK) for the stoichiometric conversion of each maltose molecule to two glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) molecules. Based on this synthetic module, we further constructed two in vitro synthetic biosystems to produce bioelectricity and fructose 1,6-diphosphate (FDP), respectively. The 14-enzyme biobattery achieved a Faraday efficiency of 96.4% and a maximal power density of 0.6 mW/cm2, whereas the 5-enzyme in vitro FDP-producing biosystem yielded 187.0 mM FDP from 50 g/L (139 mM) maltose by adopting a fed-batch substrate feeding strategy. Our study not only suggests new application scenarios for maltose but also provides novel strategies for the high-efficient production of bioelectricity and value-added biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, 1038 Dagu Nanlu, Hexi District, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinlei Wei
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ranran Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308China
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Zeballos N, Diamanti E, Benítez-Mateos AI, Schmidt-Dannert C, López-Gallego F. Solid-Phase Assembly of Multienzyme Systems into Artificial Cellulosomes. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1966-1972. [PMID: 34410702 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe a bioinspired solid-phase assembly of a multienzyme system scaffolded on an artificial cellulosome. An alcohol dehydrogenase and an ω-transaminase were fused to cohesin and dockerin domains to drive their sequential and ordered coimmobilization on agarose porous microbeads. The resulting immobilized scaffolded enzymatic cellulosome was characterized through quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation and confocal laser scanning microscopy to demonstrate that both enzymes interact with each other and physically colocalize within the microbeads. Finally, the assembled multifunctional heterogeneous biocatalyst was tested for the one-pot conversion of alcohols into amines. By using the physically colocalized enzymatic system confined into porous microbeads, the yield of the corresponding amine was 1.3 and 10 times higher than the spatially segregated immobilized system and the free enzymes, respectively. This work establishes the basis of a new concept to organize multienzyme systems at the nanoscale within solid and porous immobilization carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoll Zeballos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ana I Benítez-Mateos
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Claudia Schmidt-Dannert
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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Chen H, Simoska O, Lim K, Grattieri M, Yuan M, Dong F, Lee YS, Beaver K, Weliwatte S, Gaffney EM, Minteer SD. Fundamentals, Applications, and Future Directions of Bioelectrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12903-12993. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Olja Simoska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Koun Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matteo Grattieri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Mengwei Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Yoo Seok Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Kevin Beaver
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Samali Weliwatte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Erin M. Gaffney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Chen H, Zhang YHPJ. Enzymatic regeneration and conservation of ATP: challenges and opportunities. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 41:16-33. [PMID: 33012193 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1826403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the universal energy currency of life, has a central role in numerous biochemical reactions with potential for the synthesis of numerous high-value products. ATP can be regenerated by three types of mechanisms: substrate level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosphorylation. Current ATP regeneration methods are mainly based on substrate level phosphorylation catalyzed by one enzyme, several cascade enzymes, or in vitro synthetic enzymatic pathways. Among them, polyphosphate kinases and acetate kinase, along with their respective phosphate donors, are the most popular approaches for in vitro ATP regeneration. For in vitro artificial pathways, either ATP-free or ATP-balancing strategies can be implemented via smart pathway design by choosing ATP-independent enzymes. Also, we discuss some remaining challenges and suggest perspectives, especially for industrial biomanufacturing. Development of ATP regeneration systems featuring low cost, high volumetric productivity, long lifetime, flexible compatibility, and great robustness could be one of the bottom-up strategies for cascade biocatalysis and in vitro synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongge Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, China
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Wu R, Song H, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhu Z. Multienzyme co-immobilization-based bioelectrode: Design of principles and bioelectrochemical applications. Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chen H, Prater MB, Cai R, Dong F, Chen H, Minteer SD. Bioelectrocatalytic Conversion from N2 to Chiral Amino Acids in a H2/α-Keto Acid Enzymatic Fuel Cell. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4028-4036. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Matthew B. Prater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Rong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Hsiaonung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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Meng D, Wang J, You C. The properties of the linker in a mini-scaffoldin influence the catalytic efficiency of scaffoldin-mediated enzyme complexes. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 133:109460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chen H, Cai R, Patel J, Dong F, Chen H, Minteer SD. Upgraded Bioelectrocatalytic N 2 Fixation: From N 2 to Chiral Amine Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:4963-4971. [PMID: 30835461 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomerically pure chiral amines are of increasing value in the preparation of bioactive compounds, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. ω-Transaminase (ω-TA) is an ideal catalyst for asymmetric amination because of its excellent enantioselectivity and wide substrate scope. To shift the equilibrium of reactions catalyzed by ω-TA to the side of the amine product, an upgraded N2 fixation system based on bioelectrocatalysis was developed to realize the conversion from N2 to chiral amine intermediates. The produced NH3 was in situ reacted with l-alanine dehydrogenase to generate alanine with NADH as a coenzyme. ω-TA transferred the amino group from alanine to ketone substrates and finally produced the desired chiral amine intermediates. The cathode of the upgraded N2 fixation system supplied enough reducing power to synchronously realize the regeneration of reduced methyl viologen (MV•+) and NADH for the nitrogenase and l-alanine dehydrogenase. The coproduct, pyruvate, was consumed by l-alanine dehydrogenase to regenerate alanine and push the equilibrium to the side of amine. After 10 h of reaction, the concentration of 1-methyl-3-phenylpropylamine achieved 0.54 mM with the 27.6% highest faradaic efficiency and >99% enantiomeric excess (eep). Because of the wide substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivity of ω-TA, the upgraded N2 fixation system has great potential to produce a variety of chiral amine intermediates for pharmaceuticals and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Rong Cai
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Janki Patel
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Fangyuan Dong
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Hsiaonung Chen
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Shelley D Minteer
- Departments of Chemistry and Materials Science & Engineering , University of Utah , 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
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