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Wu H, Zhang R, Zhai Y, Song X, Xiong J, Li X, Qiao Y, Lu X, Yu Z. Solvent Effects Enable Efficient Tandem Conversion of Cellulose and Its Monosaccharides Towards 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202201809. [PMID: 36289573 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The biomass-derived platform compound 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) has been hailed as the "Sleeping Giant" due to its promising applications, and it occupies a critical spot in the biomass upgrading roadmap. HMF is typically produced from cellulose and its monosaccharides via a complex tandem conversion with multiple steps (i. e., cellulose depolymerization, glucose isomerization, fructose dehydration, etc.). Previous investigations have confirmed the irreplaceable contribution of solvents in regulating the tandem conversion of cellulose and its monosaccharides to HMF. However, the potential effects of solvents in contributing to this multi-step tandem process have not yet been clearly elucidated. In this context, this Review aims to provide in-depth insights into the intrinsic interactions between solvent system and substrate conversion (cellulose and its monosaccharides conversion), reaction regulation (reaction activity and selectivity regulation), as well as product acquisition (humins formation inhibition and product purification). It attempts to elucidate specific solvent effects to promote a more efficient tandem conversion of cellulose and its monosaccharides towards HMF. The insights provided in this Review may contribute to a more sustainable HMF production from biomass feedstocks and a further development of greener solvent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yunqi Zhai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xishang Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, 300384, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Science, Tibet University, 850000, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, 030051, Taiyuan, P. R. China
| | - Xuebin Lu
- School of Science, Tibet University, 850000, Lhasa, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, 300350, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Wang S, Chen Y, Jia Y, Xu G, Chang C, Guo Q, Tao H, Zou C, Li K. Experimental and theoretical studies on glucose conversion in ethanol solution to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural and ethyl levulinate catalyzed by a Brønsted acid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:19729-19739. [PMID: 34524307 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02986j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The fundamental understanding of glucose conversion to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) and ethyl levulinate (EL) (value-added chemicals from biomass) in ethanol solution catalyzed by a Brønsted acid is limited at present. Consequently, here, the reaction pathways and mechanism of glucose conversion to EMF and EL catalyzed by a Brønsted acid were studied, using an experimental method and quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(D) and B2PLYPD3/Def2TZVP level under a polarized continuum model (PCM-SMD). By further verification through GC/MS tests, the mechanism and reaction pathways of glucose conversion in ethanol solution catalyzed by a Brønsted acid were revealed, showing that glucose is catalyzed by proton and ethanol, and ethanol plays a bridging role in the process of proton transfer. There are three main reaction pathways: through glucose and ethyl glucoside (G/EG), through fructose, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), levulinic acid (LA), and EL (G/F/H/L/EL), and through fructose, HMF, EMF, and EL (G/F/H/E/EL). The G/F/H/E/EL pathway with an energy barrier of 20.8 kcal mol-1 is considered as the thermodynamic and kinetics primary way, in which the reaction rate of this is highly related to the proton transfer in the isomerization of glucose to fructose. The intermediate HMF was formed from O5 via a ring-opening reaction and by the dehydration of fructose, and was further converted to the main product of EMF by etherification or by LA through hydrolysis. EMF and LA are both unstable, and can partially be transformed to EL. This study is beneficial for the insights aiding the understanding of the process and products controlling biomass conversion in ethanol solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yihang Chen
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Yu Jia
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Guizhuan Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Chun Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Green Manufacturing of Biobased Chemicals, Puyang 457000, China
| | - Qianhui Guo
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Hongge Tao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Caihong Zou
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Kai Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Heng J, Zhang Z, Proctor E, Tyufekchiev M, Deskins NA, Timko MT. Cellobiose as a Model Carbohydrate for Predicting Solubilities in Nonaqueous Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Heng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Emily Proctor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Maksim Tyufekchiev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - N. Aaron Deskins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
| | - Michael T. Timko
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 100 Institute Road, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States
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