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Gunes M, Rosen ST, Shachar I, Gunes EG. Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family receptors as potential immune therapeutic targets in solid tumors. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1297473. [PMID: 38476238 PMCID: PMC10927787 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1297473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, cancer immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment. Various forms of immunotherapy have a manageable safety profile and result in prolongation of overall survival in patients with solid tumors, but only in a proportion of patients. Various factors in the tumor microenvironment play critical roles and may be responsible for this lack of therapeutic response. Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family (SLAMF) members are increasingly being studied as factors impacting the tumor immune microenvironment. SLAMF members consist of nine receptors mainly expressed in immune cells. However, SLAMF receptors have also been detected in cancer cells, and they may be involved in a spectrum of anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we review the current knowledge of the expression of SLAMF receptors in solid tumors and tumor-infiltrating immune cells and their association with patient outcomes. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting SLAMF receptors to improve outcomes of cancer therapy in solid tumors. We believe the research on SLAMF receptor-targeted strategies may enhance anti-cancer immunity in patients with solid tumors and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metin Gunes
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Steven T. Rosen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Idit Shachar
- Department of System Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E. Gulsen Gunes
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Judy and Bernard Briskin Center for Multiple Myeloma Research, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Toni Stephenson Lymphoma Center, City of Hope, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Li CMY, Tomita Y, Dhakal B, Tin T, Li R, Wright JA, Vrbanac L, Woods SL, Drew P, Price T, Smith E, Maddern GJ, Fenix K. Generation and assessment of cytokine-induced killer cells for the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:6. [PMID: 38231291 PMCID: PMC10794456 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03591-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are an adoptive immunotherapy reported to have strong anti-tumour activity across a range of cancers. They are a heterogeneous mix of lymphoid cells generated by culturing human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with cytokines and monoclonal antibodies in vitro. In this study, we investigated the yield and function of CIK cells generated from patients with CRC liver metastases. We first showed that CIK cells generated in serum free medium X-VIVO 15 were comparable to those from RPMI medium with 10% FBS in terms of the number and percentages of the main subsets of cells in the CIK culture, and the intracellular levels of granzyme B and perforin, and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α. The CIK cells were cytotoxic to CRC cell lines grown in 2D cultures or as spheroids, and against autologous patient-derived tumour organoids. Donor attributes such as age, sex, or prior chemotherapy exposure had no significant impact on CIK cell numbers or function. These results suggest that functional CIK cells can be generated from patients with CRC liver metastatic disease, and support further investigations into the therapeutic application of autologous CIK cells in the management of patients with CRC liver metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Man Ying Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Yoko Tomita
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Bimala Dhakal
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Teresa Tin
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Runhao Li
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Josephine A Wright
- Precision Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Laura Vrbanac
- Department of Medical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Susan L Woods
- Precision Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Department of Medical Specialties, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - Paul Drew
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Timothy Price
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Guy J Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia.
- The Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, 5011, Australia.
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Ying Li CM, Li R, Drew P, Price T, Smith E, Maddern GJ, Tomita Y, Fenix K. Clinical application of cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell therapy in colorectal cancer: Current strategies and future challenges. Cancer Treat Rev 2024; 122:102665. [PMID: 38091655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2023.102665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a significant global health burden and is the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Cytokine induced killer (CIK) cell therapy is an immunotherapy which has the potential to meet this need. Clinical trials of CIK cell therapy for the management of CRC have reported improved clinical outcomes. However, production and delivery protocols varied significantly, and many studies were reported only in Chinese language journals. Here we present the most comprehensive review of the clinical CIK cell therapy trials for CRC management to date. We accessed both English and Chinese language clinical studies, and summarise how CIK cell therapy has been implemented, from manufacturing to patient delivery. We discuss current challenges that impede wider adoption of CIK cell therapy in CRC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Man Ying Li
- Department of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Runhao Li
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Paul Drew
- Department of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Timothy Price
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Department of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Guy J Maddern
- Department of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Yoko Tomita
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia; Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia
| | - Kevin Fenix
- Department of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, SA 5011, Australia.
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Lin A, Mou W, Zhu L, Yang T, Zhou C, Zhang J, Luo P. Mutations in the DNA polymerase binding pathway affect the immune microenvironment of patients with small-cell lung cancer and enhance the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy. CANCER INNOVATION 2023; 2:500-512. [PMID: 38125769 PMCID: PMC10730006 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by its high malignancy and is associated with a poor prognosis. In the early stages of the disease, platinum-based chemotherapy is the recommended first-line treatment and has demonstrated efficacy. However, SCLC is prone to recurrence and is generally resistant to chemotherapy in its later stages. Methods Here, we collected samples from SCLC patients who received platinum-based chemotherapy, performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses, and validated our results with publicly available data. Results SCLC patients with DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations had an improved prognosis after platinum chemotherapy compared with patients without such mutations. Patients in the mutant (MT) group had higher infiltration of T cells, B cells, and M1 macrophages compared with patients without DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations. Conclusions DNA polymerase binding pathway mutations can be used as prognostic markers for platinum-based chemotherapy in SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Weiming Mou
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Etiology and CarcinogenesisNational Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tao Yang
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
- Department of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chaozheng Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical SchoolSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Li CMY, Tomita Y, Dhakal B, Li R, Li J, Drew P, Price T, Smith E, Maddern GJ, Fenix KA. Use of cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006764. [PMID: 37117007 PMCID: PMC10152003 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of clinical studies evaluating the benefit of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) therapy, an adoptive immunotherapy, for colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. In many of these trials, CIK therapy was coadministered with conventional cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to systematically assess the available literature, in which the majority were only in Chinese, on CIK therapy for the management of CRC using meta-analysis and to identify parameters associated with successful CIK therapy implementation. METHODS Prospective and retrospective clinical studies which compared CIK therapy to non-CIK therapy in patients with CRC were searched for electronically on MEDLINE, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data databases. The clinical endpoints of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), OS and PFS rates, overall response rate (ORR), and toxicity were meta-analyzed using HR and relative ratio (RR), and subgroup analyses were performed using chi-square (χ2) test and I-squared (I2) statistics for study design, disease stage, cotherapy type, and timing of administration. RESULTS In total, 70 studies involving 6743 patients were analyzed. CIK therapy was favored over non-CIK therapy for OS (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.65), PFS (HR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.63), and ORR (RR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.74) without increasing toxicity (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.16 to 2.25). Subgroup analyses on OS and PFS by study design (randomized vs non-randomized study design), disease stage (Stage I-III vs Stage IV), cotreatment with dendritic cells (DCs) (CIK vs DC-CIK therapy), or timing of therapy administration (concurrent vs sequential with coadministered anticancer therapy) also showed that the clinical benefit of CIK therapy was robust in any subgroup analysis. Furthermore, cotreatment with DCs did not improve clinical outcomes over CIK therapy alone. CONCLUSION Compared with standard therapy, patients who received additional CIK cell therapy had favorable outcomes without increased toxicity, warranting further investigation into CIK therapy for the treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Man Ying Li
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yoko Tomita
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bimala Dhakal
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Runhao Li
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jun Li
- Urinary Surgery of Zhumadian Central Hospital, Zhumadian, Henan, China
| | - Paul Drew
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Timothy Price
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Eric Smith
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
- Medical Oncology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital and The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Guy J Maddern
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Aaron Fenix
- Discipline of Surgery, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville South, South Australia, Australia
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