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Jia N, Zhang B, Huo Z, Qin J, Ji Q, Geng Y. Binding patterns of inhibitors to different pockets of kinesin Eg5. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 756:109998. [PMID: 38641233 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The kinesin-5 family member, Eg5, plays very important role in the mitosis. As a mitotic protein, Eg5 is the target of various mitotic inhibitors. There are two targeting pockets in the motor domain of Eg5, which locates in the α2/L5/α3 region and the α4/α6 region respectively. We investigated the interactions between the different inhibitors and the two binding pockets of Eg5 by using all-atom molecular dynamics method. Combined the conformational analysis with the free-energy calculation, the binding patterns of inhibitors to the two binding pockets are shown. The α2/L5/α3 pocket can be divided into 4 regions. The structures and binding conformations of inhibitors in region 1 and 2 are highly conserved. The shape of α4/α6 pocket is alterable. The space of this pocket in ADP-binding state of Eg5 is larger than that in ADP·Pi-binding state due to the limitation of a hydrogen bond formed in the ADP·Pi-binding state. The results of this investigation provide the structural basis of the inhibitor-Eg5 interaction and offer a reference for the Eg5-targeted drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jia
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziling Huo
- School of Health Sciences & Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyu Qin
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou, China
| | - Qing Ji
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yizhao Geng
- School of Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China; Institute of Biophysics, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China.
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2
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Hosea R, Hillary S, Naqvi S, Wu S, Kasim V. The two sides of chromosomal instability: drivers and brakes in cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:75. [PMID: 38553459 PMCID: PMC10980778 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01767-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal instability (CIN) is a hallmark of cancer and is associated with tumor cell malignancy. CIN triggers a chain reaction in cells leading to chromosomal abnormalities, including deviations from the normal chromosome number or structural changes in chromosomes. CIN arises from errors in DNA replication and chromosome segregation during cell division, leading to the formation of cells with abnormal number and/or structure of chromosomes. Errors in DNA replication result from abnormal replication licensing as well as replication stress, such as double-strand breaks and stalled replication forks; meanwhile, errors in chromosome segregation stem from defects in chromosome segregation machinery, including centrosome amplification, erroneous microtubule-kinetochore attachments, spindle assembly checkpoint, or defective sister chromatids cohesion. In normal cells, CIN is deleterious and is associated with DNA damage, proteotoxic stress, metabolic alteration, cell cycle arrest, and senescence. Paradoxically, despite these negative consequences, CIN is one of the hallmarks of cancer found in over 90% of solid tumors and in blood cancers. Furthermore, CIN could endow tumors with enhanced adaptation capabilities due to increased intratumor heterogeneity, thereby facilitating adaptive resistance to therapies; however, excessive CIN could induce tumor cells death, leading to the "just-right" model for CIN in tumors. Elucidating the complex nature of CIN is crucial for understanding the dynamics of tumorigenesis and for developing effective anti-tumor treatments. This review provides an overview of causes and consequences of CIN, as well as the paradox of CIN, a phenomenon that continues to perplex researchers. Finally, this review explores the potential of CIN-based anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendy Hosea
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sharon Hillary
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sumera Naqvi
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Shourong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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3
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Zhang J, Wei Z, Qi X, Jiang Y, Liu D, Liu K. Kinesin family member 11 promotes progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via the OCT4 pathway. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:284. [PMID: 37648881 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the tumor with the second highest mortality rate worldwide. Recent research data show that KIF11, a member of the kinesin family (KIF), plays an important role in the progression of various tumors. However, its expression and molecular mechanism in HCC remain elusive. Here, we evaluated the potential role of KIF11 in HCC. The effect of KIF11 was evaluated using the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, LM3 and Huh7, after genetic or pharmacological treatment. Evaluating the role of KIF11 in the xenograft animal models using its specific inhibitor. The role of KIF11 was systematically evaluated using specimens obtained from the aforementioned animal and cell models after various in vivo and in vitro experiments. The clinicopathological analysis showed that KIF11 was expressed at high levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell experiments in vitro showed that KIF11 deficiency significantly slowed the proliferation of liver tumor cells. And in the experiment using liver cancer cells overexpressing OCT4, overexpression of OCT4 substantially increased the proliferation of tumor cells compared with tumor cells with KIF11 knockdown alone. Both in vitro cell experiment and in vivo xenotransplantation tumor experiment showed that monastrol, an inhibitor of KIF11, could effectively delay the proliferation and migration of tumor cells. Based on these results, KIF11 is expressed at high levels in hepatocellular carcinoma and promotes tumor proliferation in an OCT4-dependent manner. KIF11 may become a therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma, and its inhibitor monastrol may become a clinical antitumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Zuxing Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Xiaoyan Qi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Dekun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Kuijie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renminzhong Road, Changsha, 410012, China.
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Tallman MM, Zalenski AA, Stabl I, Schrock MS, Kollin L, de Jong E, De K, Grubb TM, Summers MK, Venere M. Improving Localized Radiotherapy for Glioblastoma via Small Molecule Inhibition of KIF11. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3173. [PMID: 37370783 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, IDH-wild type (GBM) is the most common and lethal malignant primary brain tumor. Standard of care includes surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with the DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ). Despite these intensive efforts, current GBM therapy remains mainly palliative with only modest improvement achieved in overall survival. With regards to radiotherapy, GBM is ranked as one of the most radioresistant tumor types. In this study, we wanted to investigate if enriching cells in the most radiosensitive cell cycle phase, mitosis, could improve localized radiotherapy for GBM. To achieve cell cycle arrest in mitosis we used ispinesib, a small molecule inhibitor to the mitotic kinesin, KIF11. Cell culture studies validated that ispinesib radiosensitized patient-derived GBM cells. In vivo, we validated that ispinesib increased the fraction of tumor cells arrested in mitosis as well as increased apoptosis. Critical for the translation of this approach, we validated that combination therapy with ispinesib and irradiation led to the greatest increase in survival over either monotherapy alone. Our data highlight KIF11 inhibition in combination with radiotherapy as a new combinatorial approach that reduces the overall radioresistance of GBM and which can readily be moved into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Tallman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Abigail A Zalenski
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ian Stabl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Morgan S Schrock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Luke Kollin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eliane de Jong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kuntal De
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Treg M Grubb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Matthew K Summers
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Monica Venere
- Department of Radiation Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Aaltonen K, Radke K, Adamska A, Seger A, Mañas A, Bexell D. Patient-derived models: Advanced tools for precision medicine in neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1085270. [PMID: 36776363 PMCID: PMC9910084 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1085270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a childhood cancer derived from the sympathetic nervous system. High-risk neuroblastoma patients have a poor overall survival and account for ~15% of childhood cancer deaths. There is thus a need for clinically relevant and authentic models of neuroblastoma that closely resemble the human disease to further interrogate underlying mechanisms and to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Here we review recent developments in patient-derived neuroblastoma xenograft models and in vitro cultures. These models can be used to decipher mechanisms of metastasis and treatment resistance, for drug screening, and preclinical drug testing. Patient-derived neuroblastoma models may also provide useful information about clonal evolution, phenotypic plasticity, and cell states in relation to neuroblastoma progression. We summarize current opportunities for, but also barriers to, future model development and application. Integration of patient-derived models with patient data holds promise for the development of precision medicine treatment strategies for children with high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Guo D, Yu Y, Long B, Deng P, Ran D, Han L, Zheng J, Gan Z. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2,4-pyrimidinediamine derivatives as ALK and HDACs dual inhibitors for the treatment of ALK addicted cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:2512-2529. [PMID: 36100230 PMCID: PMC9481106 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2121822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) could enhance therapeutic activity against ALK addicted cancer cells. Herein, a new series of 2,4-pyrimidinediamine derivatives as ALK and HDACs dual inhibitors were designed, synthesised and evaluated. Compound 12a which possessed good inhibitory potency against ALKwt and HDAC1, exhibited stronger antiproliferative activity than Ceritinib on ALK positive cancer cell lines though inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the mechanism is further verified by the down-regulation of p-ALK protein, and up-regulation of Acetylated histone 3 (Ac-H3) protein in cancer cells. These results suggested that 12a would be a potential candidate for the ALK addicted cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dafeng Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Binyu Long
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dongzhi Ran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jiecheng Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zongjie Gan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.,Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
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7
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Mengyan X, Kun D, Xinming J, Yutian W, Yongqian S. Identification and verification of hub genes associated with the progression of non-small cell lung cancer by integrated analysis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:997842. [PMID: 36176446 PMCID: PMC9513139 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.997842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and it is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Despite the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) have improved, the molecular mechanisms of NSCLC are still to be further explored. Materials and Methods: Microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were selected to identify the candidate genes associated with tumorigenesis and progression of non-small cell lung carcinoma. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by GEO2R. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were used to screen out hub genes. The expression levels of hub genes were verified by GEPIA, Oncomine and The Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases. Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed to value the importance of hub genes in NSCLC diagnosis and prognosis. ENCODE and cBioPortal were used to explore the upstream regulatory mechanisms of hub genes. Analysis on CancerSEA Tool, CCK8 assay and colony formation assay revealed the functions of hub genes in NSCLC. Results: A total of 426 DEGs were identified, including 93 up-regulated genes and 333 down-regulated genes. And nine hub genes (CDC6, KIAA0101, CDC20, BUB1B, CCNA2, NCAPG, KIF11, BUB1 and CDK1) were found to increase with the tumorigenesis, progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC, especially EGFR- or KRAS-mutation driven NSCLC. Hub genes were valuable biomarkers for NSCLC, and the overexpression of hub genes led to poor survival of NSCLC patients. Function analysis showed that hub genes played roles in cell cycle and proliferation, and knockdown of hub genes significantly inhibited A549 and SPCA1 cell growth. Further exploration demonstrated that copy number alterations (CNAs) and transcription activation may account for the up-regulation of hub genes. Conclusion: Hub genes identified in this study provided better understanding of molecular mechanisms within tumorigenesis and progression of NSCLC, and provided potential targets for NSCLC treatment as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Mengyan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ding Kun
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Xinming
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Yutian
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Yongqian
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Shu Yongqian,
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Jiménez C, Antonelli R, Nadal-Ribelles M, Devis-Jauregui L, Latorre P, Solé C, Masanas M, Molero-Valenzuela A, Soriano A, Sánchez de Toledo J, Llobet-Navas D, Roma J, Posas F, de Nadal E, Gallego S, Moreno L, Segura MF. Structural disruption of BAF chromatin remodeller impairs neuroblastoma metastasis by reverting an invasiveness epigenomic program. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:175. [PMID: 36057593 PMCID: PMC9440539 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic programming during development is essential for determining cell lineages, and alterations in this programming contribute to the initiation of embryonal tumour development. In neuroblastoma, neural crest progenitors block their course of natural differentiation into sympathoadrenergic cells, leading to the development of aggressive and metastatic paediatric cancer. Research of the epigenetic regulators responsible for oncogenic epigenomic networks is crucial for developing new epigenetic-based therapies against these tumours. Mammalian switch/sucrose non-fermenting (mSWI/SNF) ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling complexes act genome-wide translating epigenetic signals into open chromatin states. The present study aimed to understand the contribution of mSWI/SNF to the oncogenic epigenomes of neuroblastoma and its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS Functional characterisation of the mSWI/SNF complexes was performed in neuroblastoma cells using proteomic approaches, loss-of-function experiments, transcriptome and chromatin accessibility analyses, and in vitro and in vivo assays. RESULTS Neuroblastoma cells contain three main mSWI/SNF subtypes, but only BRG1-associated factor (BAF) complex disruption through silencing of its key structural subunits, ARID1A and ARID1B, impairs cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle blockade. Genome-wide chromatin remodelling and transcriptomic analyses revealed that BAF disruption results in the epigenetic repression of an extensive invasiveness-related expression program involving integrins, cadherins, and key mesenchymal regulators, thereby reducing adhesion to the extracellular matrix and the subsequent invasion in vitro and drastically inhibiting the initiation and growth of neuroblastoma metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We report a novel ATPase-independent role for the BAF complex in maintaining an epigenomic program that allows neuroblastoma invasiveness and metastasis, urging for the development of new BAF pharmacological structural disruptors for therapeutic exploitation in metastatic neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberta Antonelli
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Nadal-Ribelles
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Devis-Jauregui
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Pablo Latorre
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Solé
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Masanas
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrià Molero-Valenzuela
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aroa Soriano
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Sánchez de Toledo
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institute of Oncology, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Low Prevalence Tumors. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Roma
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Posas
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia de Nadal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soledad Gallego
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucas Moreno
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Paediatric Oncology and Haematology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel F Segura
- Group of Childhood Cancer and Blood Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
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