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Widjaja N, Jalava N, Chen Y, Ivaska KK. Perilipin-1 immunostaining improves semi-automated digital quantitation of bone marrow adipocytes in histological bone sections. Adipocyte 2023; 12:2252711. [PMID: 37649225 PMCID: PMC10472850 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2023.2252711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) are not just passive fillers inside the bone marrow compartment but respond to various metabolic changes. Assessment of those responses requires evaluation of the number of BMAds and their morphology for which laborious and error-prone manual histological analysis remains the most widely used method. Here, we report an alternative image analysis strategy to semi-automatically quantitate and analyse the morphology of BMAds in histological bone sections. Decalcified, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded histological sections of long bones of Sprague-Dawley rats were stained with either haematoxylin and eosin (HE) or by immunofluorescent staining for adipocyte-specific protein perilipin-1 (PLIN1). ImageJ-based commands were constructed to detect BMAds sized 200 µm2 or larger from standardized 1 mm2 analysis regions by either classifying the background colour (HE) or the positive and circular PLIN1 fluorescent signal. Semi-automated quantitation strongly correlated with independent, single-blinded manual counts regardless of the staining method (HE-based: r=0.85, p<0.001; PLIN1 based: r=0.95, p<0.001). The detection error was higher in HE-stained sections than in PLIN1-stained sections (14% versus 5%, respectively; p<0.001), which was due to false-positive detections of unstained adipocyte-like circular structures. In our dataset, the total adiposity area from standardised ROIs in PLIN-1-stained sections correlated with that in whole-bone sections (r=0.60, p=0.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicko Widjaja
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Niki Jalava
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yimeng Chen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaisa K. Ivaska
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Cervellione F, McGurk C, Berger Eriksen T, Van den Broeck W. Use of computer-assisted image analysis for semi-quantitative histology of the hepatopancreas in whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei (Boone). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2017; 40:1223-1234. [PMID: 28032356 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing use of novel molecular techniques in pathology, histology remains the standard method for monitoring tissue alterations and for assessing pathology. Histopathological evaluation is generally laborious and subjective with risk of discrepancies in semi-quantitative scoring between pathologists. In contrast, computer-assisted image analysis (CAIA) is potentially faster, more objective and thus suitable for routine screening. Limited research has been carried out on CAIA in crustacean histopathology, and the methods described were not fully automated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop CAIA in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) for the study of the hepatopancreas. Paraffin sections were immunohistochemically stained with monoclonal antibodies WSH8 against haemocytes and counterstained with Mayer's haematoxylin for detection of haemocytes and B-cell vacuoles, and modified toluidine blue protocol was used for detection of F-cells; frozen sections were stained with Oil Red O for detection of lipid droplets within R-cells. Visiopharm® software was used to develop and validated protocols for the quantification of morphological parameters (areas of haemocyte infiltration, F-cells, B-cell vacuoles, lipid droplets and their ratios to total tissue area and total lumen area). These protocols enable the future use of CAIA for determination of the nutritional and pathological condition of this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cervellione
- Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre, Stavanger, Norway
| | - C McGurk
- Skretting Aquaculture Research Centre, Stavanger, Norway
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Benigni G, Dimitrova P, Antonangeli F, Sanseviero E, Milanova V, Blom A, van Lent P, Morrone S, Santoni A, Bernardini G. CXCR3/CXCL10 Axis Regulates Neutrophil-NK Cell Cross-Talk Determining the Severity of Experimental Osteoarthritis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2115-2124. [PMID: 28108560 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Several immune cell populations are involved in cartilage damage, bone erosion, and resorption processes during osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of NK cells in the pathogenesis of experimental osteoarthritis and whether and how neutrophils can regulate their synovial localization in the disease. Experimental osteoarthritis was elicited by intra-articular injection of collagenase in wild type and Cxcr3-/- 8-wk old mice. To follow osteoarthritis progression, cartilage damage, synovial thickening, and osteophyte formation were measured histologically. To characterize the inflammatory cells involved in osteoarthritis, synovial fluid was collected early after disease induction, and the cellular and cytokine content were quantified by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. We found that NK cells and neutrophils are among the first cells that accumulate in the synovium during osteoarthritis, both exerting a pathogenic role. Moreover, we uncovered a crucial role of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis, with CXCL10 increasing in synovial fluids after injury and Cxcr3-/- mice being protected from disease development. Finally, in vivo depletion experiments showed that neutrophils are involved in an NK cell increase in the synovium, possibly by expressing CXCL10 in inflamed joints. Thus, neutrophils and NK cells act as important disease-promoting immune cells in experimental osteoarthritis and their functional interaction is promoted by the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Benigni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Petya Dimitrova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Fabrizio Antonangeli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Sanseviero
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Viktoriya Milanova
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Arjen Blom
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 86525, the Netherlands
| | - Peter van Lent
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 86525, the Netherlands
| | - Stefania Morrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Immunopathology Institute Pasteur Italy-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; and .,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.,Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Neuromed, Pozzilli, 86077 Isernia, Italy
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Trachtenberg JE, Vo TN, Mikos AG. Pre-clinical characterization of tissue engineering constructs for bone and cartilage regeneration. Ann Biomed Eng 2014; 43:681-96. [PMID: 25319726 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-014-1151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pre-clinical animal models play a crucial role in the translation of biomedical technologies from the bench top to the bedside. However, there is a need for improved techniques to evaluate implanted biomaterials within the host, including consideration of the care and ethics associated with animal studies, as well as the evaluation of host tissue repair in a clinically relevant manner. This review discusses non-invasive, quantitative, and real-time techniques for evaluating host-materials interactions, quality and rate of neotissue formation, and functional outcomes of implanted biomaterials for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. Specifically, a comparison will be presented for pre-clinical animal models, histological scoring systems, and non-invasive imaging modalities. Additionally, novel technologies to track delivered cells and growth factors will be discussed, including methods to directly correlate their release with tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan E Trachtenberg
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS 142, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX, 77251-1892, USA
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