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Pierzchalski A, Zenclussen AC, Herberth G. OMIP-94: Twenty-four-color (thirty-marker) panel for deep immunophenotyping of immune cells in human peripheral blood. Cytometry A 2023; 103:695-702. [PMID: 37254600 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This newly established 24-color (30-marker) panel focuses on the characterization of the main human immune cell subtypes and was optimized for the analysis of human whole blood using a full spectrum flow cytometer. The panel covers all main leukocyte populations: neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils, monocytes (with additional subsets), dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells and lymphocytes. As for lymphocytes, this panel includes CD4+ T helper, Treg cells, and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. Further T cells subsets are included with special focus on invariant T cells: γδ T cells (including δ2TCR variant), invariant NKT cells and MAIT (mucosal-associated invariant T cells) cells. Additionally, total B cells (including Bregs and plasmocytes), NK cells, and NKT cells are included. For the overall check of activation status of the analyzed immune cells we used HLA-DR, CD38, CD57, CD69, PD-1, and CD94. In addition, we used CD62L, CD45RA, CD27, and CD39 to describe the differentiation status of these cells. The panel was designed to maximize the information that can be obtained from surface markers in order to avoid the need for fixation and permeabilization steps. The presented multimarker panel offers the possibility to discover new immune cell subtypes which in patients and in cohort studies may lead to the identification of altered immune phenotypes and might give a link to immune system based or to certain other diseases. This panel was developed for a full spectrum flow cytometer equipped with a minimum of three lasers. We developed this panel using healthy human fresh blood, however it was also successfully used for staining of isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Pierzchalski
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana C Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
- Perinatal Immunology Research Group, Medical Faculty, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation (SIKT), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gunda Herberth
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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2
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30-color full spectrum flow cytometry panel for deep immunophenotyping of T cell subsets in murine tumor tissue. J Immunol Methods 2023; 516:113459. [PMID: 36931458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
This 30-color full spectrum flow cytometry panel was developed and optimized for in-depth analysis T cells immunophenotype in tumor microenvironment and peripheral lymphoid organs. The panel presented here first identify the main cell subsets including myeloid cells, B cells, NKT cells, γδ T cells, CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells. For CD4+ T cells or CD8+ T cells, the panel includes markers for further characterization by including a selection of activation status(CD44, CD62L, CD69, Ki67, CD127, KLRG1 and CXCR3), costimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules (ICOS, OX-40, PD-1, LAG3, TIM-3, CTLA-4 and TIGIT), pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-10) and cytotoxic molecules (Perforin, Granzymes B and CD107a). The panel has been tested on the tumor infiltrating T cells and corresponding spleen T cells in B16-F10 murine melanoma models.
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3
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Preferential and persistent impact of acute HIV-1 infection on CD4 + iNKT cells in colonic mucosa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2104721118. [PMID: 34753817 PMCID: PMC8609642 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104721118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that HIV-1 disease progression is determined in the early stages of infection. Here, preinfection invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell levels were predictive of the peak viral load during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI). Furthermore, iNKT cells were preferentially lost in AHI. This was particularly striking in the colonic mucosa, where iNKT cells were depleted more profoundly than conventional CD4+ T cells. The initiation of antiretroviral therapy during AHI-prevented iNKT cell dysregulation in peripheral blood but not in the colonic mucosa. Overall, our results support a model in which iNKT cells are early and preferential targets for HIV-1 infection during AHI. Acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) results in the widespread depletion of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood and gut mucosal tissue. However, the impact on the predominantly CD4+ immunoregulatory invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells during AHI remains unknown. Here, iNKT cells from peripheral blood and colonic mucosa were investigated during treated and untreated AHI. iNKT cells in blood were activated and rapidly depleted in untreated AHI. At the time of peak HIV-1 viral load, these cells showed the elevated expression of cell death–associated transcripts compared to preinfection. Residual peripheral iNKT cells suffered a diminished responsiveness to in vitro stimulation early into chronic infection. Additionally, HIV-1 DNA, as well as spliced and unspliced viral RNA, were detected in iNKT cells isolated from blood, indicating the active infection of these cells in vivo. The loss of iNKT cells occurred from Fiebig stage III in the colonic mucosa, and these cells were not restored to normal levels after initiation of ART during AHI. CD4+ iNKT cells were depleted faster and more profoundly than conventional CD4+ T cells, and the preferential infection of CD4+ iNKT cells over conventional CD4+ T cells was confirmed by in vitro infection experiments. In vitro data also provided evidence of latent infection in iNKT cells. Strikingly, preinfection levels of peripheral blood CD4+ iNKT cells correlated directly with the peak HIV-1 load. These findings support a model in which iNKT cells are early targets for HIV-1 infection, driving their rapid loss from circulation and colonic mucosa.
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Longitudinal Analysis of Peripheral and Colonic CD161 + CD4 + T Cell Dysfunction in Acute HIV-1 Infection and Effects of Early Treatment Initiation. Viruses 2020; 12:v12121426. [PMID: 33322496 PMCID: PMC7764746 DOI: 10.3390/v12121426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CD161 expression on CD4+ T cells is associated with a Th17 functional phenotype, as well as with an innate capacity to respond to interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 without T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation. Chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with loss of the CD161+ CD4 T cell population, and non-human primate studies suggest that their depletion is associated with disease progression. However, the dynamics of the CD161+ CD4+ T cell population during acute HIV-1 infection remains unknown. In this study, we characterize peripheral blood CD161+ CD4+ T cells in detail, and examine how they are affected during the earliest stages of HIV-1 infection. Unbiased surface proteome screening and principal component analysis indicated that CD161+ CD4+ T cells are relatively phenotypically homogeneous between donors, and are intermediates between conventional CD4 T cells and innate-like T cells. In acute untreated HIV-1 infection, the circulating CD161+ CD4+ T cell population decreased in frequency, as did absolute cell counts starting from peak viral load, with elevated levels of activation and exhaustion markers expressed throughout acute HIV-1 infection. The capacity of these cells to respond to stimulation with IL-12 and IL-18 was also reduced. Early initiation of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) during acute HIV-1 infection restored the functionality of peripheral blood CD161+ CD4+ T cells, but not their frequency. In contrast, early ART initiation prevented the decline of colonic CD161+ CD4+ T cells that otherwise started during acute infection. Furthermore, loss of peripheral and colonic CD161+ CD4+ T cells in untreated infection was associated with levels of viral load. These results suggest that acute HIV-1 infection has profound effects on the CD161+ CD4+ T cell population that could not be completely prevented by the initiation of ART.
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Wang SR, Zhong N, Zhang XM, Zhao ZB, Balderas R, Li L, Lian ZX. OMIP 071: A 31-Parameter Flow Cytometry Panel for In-Depth Immunophenotyping of Human T-Cell Subsets Using Surface Markers. Cytometry A 2020; 99:273-277. [PMID: 33219622 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dissecting the functional diversity of T cells is critical in elucidating mechanisms and in developing therapies for various diseases. Here, we designed a 31-parameter (29-color) panel to enable the characterization of T-cell subsets and immunophenotyping of the human peripheral blood and lymph nodes using cell surface staining. In addition to adaptive T-cell markers, TCR Vα24-Jα18, TCR γδ, TCR Vɑ7.2, and CD161 were included to identify iNKT, γδ T, and MAIT cells, respectively, which are innate-like T cells. C-X-C chemokine receptors (CXCR3, CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR6) and C-C motif chemokine receptors (CCR4, CCR6, CCR7) were included to enable the identification of Th cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17), Tfh cell subsets (Tfh1, Tfh2, Tfh17), and Th cells with specific homing capacities. Furthermore, in this panel, we also used markers for assessing cell differentiation (CD45RO, CD7), activation (CD57, CD95, HLA-DR) and the expression of some cosignaling molecules (PD-1, NKG2D, CD28). Particularly, CD69 and CD103 were included for the further analysis of tissue resident memory T (Trm) cells. This panel would enable the in-depth immunophenotyping of human T-cell subsets, and may be applied in the monitoring, prognosis, and mechanistic studies of various immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Rong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China.,Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Na Zhong
- Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
| | - Xin-Mei Zhang
- Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China.,Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | | | - Liang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China.,Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Zhe-Xiong Lian
- Department of General Surgery, Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180, China.,Chronic Disease Laboratory, Institutes for Life Sciences and School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Center of Excellence, Becton Dickinson Medical Devices (Shanghai) Co., Ltd and South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510005, China
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Lal KG, Kim D, Costanzo MC, Creegan M, Leeansyah E, Dias J, Paquin-Proulx D, Eller LA, Schuetz A, Phuang-Ngern Y, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Kibuuka H, Maganga L, Nitayaphan S, Kosgei J, Sacdalan C, Ananworanich J, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Shacklett BL, Robb ML, Eller MA, Sandberg JK. Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:272. [PMID: 31937782 PMCID: PMC6959336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell loss in chronic HIV-1 infection is a significant insult to antimicrobial immune defenses. Here we investigate the response of MAIT cells during acute HIV-1 infection utilizing the RV217 cohort with paired longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples. MAIT cells are activated and expand in blood and mucosa coincident with peak HIV-1 viremia, in a manner associated with emerging microbial translocation. This is followed by a phase with elevated function as viral replication is controlled to a set-point level, and later by their functional decline at the onset of chronic infection. Interestingly, enhanced innate-like pathways and characteristics develop progressively in MAIT cells during infection, in parallel with TCR repertoire alterations. These findings delineate the dynamic MAIT cell response to acute HIV-1 infection, and show how the MAIT compartment initially responds and expands with enhanced function, followed by progressive reprogramming away from TCR-dependent antibacterial responses towards innate-like functionality. Here, using longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples from the RV217 Early Capture HIV Cohort Study, the authors show that mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells become activated and expand during the early acute phase of HIV infection, with subsequent reprogramming towards innate-like functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri G Lal
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dohoon Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret C Costanzo
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joana Dias
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Schuetz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuwadee Phuang-Ngern
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Kibuuka
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lucas Maganga
- National Institute for Medical Research-Mbeya Medical Research Center, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Sorachai Nitayaphan
- Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Josphat Kosgei
- Kenya Medical Research Institute/U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa/Kenya, Kericho, Kenya
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Diane L Bolton
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Barbara L Shacklett
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Liechti T, Roederer M. OMIP-058: 30-Parameter Flow Cytometry Panel to Characterize iNKT, NK, Unconventional and Conventional T Cells. Cytometry A 2019; 95:946-951. [PMID: 31334918 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Liechti
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mario Roederer
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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