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Shah Q, Hussain Z, Ahmad Khan B, Jacobson KA, Iqbal J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of carboxamide and quinoline derivatives as P2X7R antagonists. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106796. [PMID: 37683539 PMCID: PMC10544280 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) has a key role in different pathological conditions, importantly overexpressed and activated in cancers. We explored the structure activity relationship (SAR) of three novel pyrazines, quinoline-carboxamide and oxadiazole series. Their selective inhibitory potency in Ca2+ mobilization assay using h-P2X7R-MCF-7 cells improved with phenyl ring substitutions (-OCF3, -CF3, and -CH3) in carboxamide and oxadiazole derivatives, respectively. However, highly electronegative fluoro, chloro, and iodo substitutions enhanced affinity. 1e, 2f, 2e, 1d, 2 g and 3e were most potent and selective toward h-P2X7R (IC50 values 0.457, 0.566, 0.624, 0.682, 0.813 and 0.890 µM, respectively) and were inactive at h-P2X4R, h-P2X2R, r-P2Y6R, h-P2Y2R, t-P2Y1R expressed in MCF-7 and 1321N1 astrocytoma cells. Cell viability (MTT assay at 100 µM, cell line) for 3e was 62% (HEK-293T), 70% (1321N1 astrocytoma) and 85% (MCF-7). >75% cell viability was noted for 2 g and >80% for 2e and 1d in all non-transfected cell lines. Anti-proliferative effects, compared to control (Bz-ATP), of selective antagonists (10 µM) were 3e (11%) 1d, (19%) 1e, (70%, P = 0.005) and 2f, (24%), indicating involvement of P2X7R. Apoptotic cell death by flow cytometry showed 1e to be most promising, with 35% cell death (PI positive cells), followed by 2e (25%), 2f (20%), and 1d (19%), compared to control. Fluorescence microscopic analysis of apoptotic changes in P2X7R-transfected cell lines was established. 1e and 2f at 1X and 2X IC50 increased cellular shrinkage, nuclear condensation and PI/DAPI fluorescence. In-silico antagonist modeling predicted ligand receptor interactions, and all compounds obeyed Lipinski rules. These results suggest that pyrazine, quinoline-carboxamide and oxadiazole derivatives could be moderately potent P2X7R antagonists for in vivo studies and anti-cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qasim Shah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Zahid Hussain
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda MD 20892, USA.
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan.
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Alexiou GA, Markopoulos GS, Vartholomatos E, Goussia AC, Dova L, Dimitriadis S, Mantziou S, Zoi V, Nasios A, Sioka C, Kyritsis AP, Voulgaris S, Vartholomatos G. Intraoperative Flow Cytometry for the Evaluation of Meningioma Grade. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:832-838. [PMID: 36661712 PMCID: PMC9858265 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most frequent central nervous system tumors in adults. The majority of these tumors are benign. Nevertheless, the intraoperative identification of meningioma grade is important for modifying surgical strategy in order to reduce postoperative complications. Here, we set out to investigate the role of intraoperative flow cytometry for the differentiation of low-grade (grade 1) from high-grade (grade 2-3) meningiomas. The study included 59 patients. Intraoperative flow cytometry analysis was performed using the 'Ioannina Protocol' which evaluates the G0/G1 phase, S-phase, mitosis and tumor index (S + mitosis phase fraction) of a tumor sample. The results are available within 5 min of sample receipt. There were 41 grade 1, 15 grade 2 and 3 grade 3 meningiomas. High-grade meningiomas had significantly higher S-phase fraction, mitosis fraction and tumor index compared to low-grade meningiomas. High-grade meningiomas had significantly lower G0/G1 phase fraction compared to low-grade meningiomas. Thirty-eight tumors were diploids and twenty-one were aneuploids. No significant difference was found between ploidy status and meningioma grade. ROC analysis indicated 11.4% of tumor index as the optimal cutoff value thresholding the discrimination between low- and high-grade meningiomas with 90.2% sensitivity and 72.2% specificity. In conclusion, intraoperative flow cytometry permits the detection of high-grade meningiomas within 5 min. Thus, surgeons may modify tumor removal strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A. Alexiou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Georgios S. Markopoulos
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Haematology Laboratory—Unit of Molecular Biology and Translational Flow Cytometry, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Anna C. Goussia
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Pathology, German Oncology Center, 4108 Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Lefkothea Dova
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Haematology Laboratory—Unit of Molecular Biology and Translational Flow Cytometry, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Savvas Dimitriadis
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Stefania Mantziou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Haematology Laboratory—Unit of Molecular Biology and Translational Flow Cytometry, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zoi
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Anastasios Nasios
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Chrissa Sioka
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Athanasios P. Kyritsis
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Spyridon Voulgaris
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
| | - George Vartholomatos
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Haematology Laboratory—Unit of Molecular Biology and Translational Flow Cytometry, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece
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Serpeloni JM, Specian AFL, Ribeiro DL, Benício LM, Nunes HL, Franchi LP, Rocha CQ, Vilegas W, Varanda EA, Cólus IMS. Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann root extract exerts cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects on gastric tumor cells and downregulates BCL-XL, BIRC5, and MET genes. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 39:338-354. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327119888261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fridericia platyphylla (Cham.) L.G. Lohmann (FP) has cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. We aimed to characterize the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of FP extract on normal (GAS) and tumor-derived (ACP02 and HepG2) cell lines. The effective concentrations (EC50s) by tetrazolium bromide assay (MTT) were 56.16, 43.68, and 42.57 µg mL−1 and 69.38, 41.73, and 52.39 µg mL−1 by neutral red assay for GAS, ACP02, and HepG2 cells, respectively. The extract decreased nuclear division indices, which was not reflected in cell proliferation curves. Flow cytometric analyses showed that even 30 µg mL−1 extract (shown to be noncytotoxic by MTT assay) increased the sub-G1 population, indicating cell death due to apoptosis and necrosis. A cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay showed that 30 µg mL−1 of the extract increased the frequency of nuclear buds in tumor cells. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed CCND1 upregulation in doxorubicin-treated GAS cells and BCL-XL, BIRC5, and MET downregulation in 5 or 30 µg mL−1 in FP extract-treated ACP02 cells. In conclusion, FP extract modulated apoptosis- and cell cycle-related genes and presented selective cytotoxicity toward tumor cells that deserves further investigation by testing other cell types. Our results demonstrated that even medicinal plants exert adverse effects depending on the extract concentrations used and tissues investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- JM Serpeloni
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - AFL Specian
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - DL Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - LM Benício
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - HL Nunes
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis and Oncogenetics, Department of General Biology, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina, Brazil
| | - LP Franchi
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Mutagenesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters of Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - CQ Rocha
- Laboratory of Advanced Studies in Phytomedicines, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - W Vilegas
- Campus Litoral Paulista, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Vicente, Brazil
| | - EA Varanda
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
| | - IMS Cólus
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, Brazil
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Oya S, Yoshida S, Tsuchiya T, Fujisawa N, Mukasa A, Nakatomi H, Saito N, Matsui T. Intraoperative quantification of meningioma cell proliferation potential using rapid flow cytometry reveals intratumoral heterogeneity. Cancer Med 2019; 8:2793-2801. [PMID: 30993844 PMCID: PMC6558493 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Standard sampling methods to evaluate the proliferative ability of meningioma have not been established. Methods This prospective study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of intraoperative rapid flow cytometry (iFC) using raw samples for the quantitative assessment of proliferative ability in meningioma cells and to investigate intratumoral heterogeneity. Proliferation index (PI) was defined as the ratio of aneuploid cells with an abnormal number of chromosomes to the total cells. Results From 50 patients, 118 specimens were analyzed. There was a statistically significant correlation between the postoperative MIB‐1 labeling index (LI) and PI (R = 0.59, P < 0.0001). A higher PI was correlated with a higher annual growth rate (AGR, cm3/y) (R = 0.50, P = 0.0002, 26 patients). AGR showed a correlation with the intratumoral distribution of PI. PI was the highest at the center or the peripheral section of the tumor in tumors with high AGR, whereas it was highest at the dural attachment in tumors with low AGR (P = 0.039, n = 20). Pial feeders were more frequently observed when PI was high in the center or in the peripheral section (P = 0.006, n = 37). Conclusions Rapid iFC may thus become a substitute for MIB‐1 LI. Intratumoral heterogeneity of cellular proliferative potential exists in meningiomas and is related to tumor biological characteristics such as AGR and development of pial feeders. This observation underscores the importance of standardization in the sampling method to accurately estimate the risk of meningioma recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichi Oya
- Department of NeurosurgerySaitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Shinsuke Yoshida
- Department of NeurosurgerySaitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Tsukasa Tsuchiya
- Department of NeurosurgerySaitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Naoaki Fujisawa
- Department of NeurosurgerySaitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Akitake Mukasa
- Department of NeurosurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hirofumi Nakatomi
- Department of NeurosurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Nobuhito Saito
- Department of NeurosurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Toru Matsui
- Department of NeurosurgerySaitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical UniversitySaitamaJapan
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Ultrarapid Evaluation of Meningioma Malignancy by Intraoperative Flow Cytometry. World Neurosurg 2018; 120:320-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lin YW, Tai SH, Chang CC, Chao LC, Wen MJ, Huang YH, Hung HY, Lee EJ. Application of flow cytometry for evaluating clinical prognosis and histopathological grade of human glioma. Neurol Res 2016; 38:625-33. [PMID: 27264544 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2016.1190119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Flow cytometry was applied to predict the biological parameters of tumor behavior based on the DNA content distribution of tumors. We used flow cytometry to determine the number of cell cycles for the characterization of intracranial gliomas and its possible prognostic role. METHODS Flow cytometric analysis of the DNA content was performed for 37 fresh operative glioma specimens. The expression of Ki-67 in glioma specimens was detected using immunohistochemistry staining. The check points of G2/M-phase fractions, cyclin B, and pCdk1 (Y15) were analyzed using Western immunoblotting. RESULTS Compared to low-grade (grade I/II) gliomas, significant differences in the Ki-67, cyclin B, G2/M-phase, and S+G2/M-phase expressions were found in high-grade (grade III/IV) gliomas. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated optimal cutoff points for the G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions of 13.47 and 17.26%, respectively, which can be used to differentiate cases with low- and high-grade gliomas. Additionally, both G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions had significant association with the expression of Ki-67 in the gliomas. The gliomas were classified by the DNA content. We found that patients with high-grade glioma had worse survival rate than patients with low-grade glioma. Meanwhile, ROC curve analysis gave cutoffs for G2/M-phase of 9.4% and for S+G2/M-phase fractions of 15.04% as best predicting survival. The patients with glioma had poor survival when the levels of G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase were more than 9.4 and 15.04%, respectively. In contrast, no significant association between the DNA content of glioma patients and their age, tumor recurrence, and tumor size was found. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that flow cytometry analysis for G2/M-phase and S+G2/M-phase fractions can be used for tumor grading for rapidly differentiating low- from high-grade gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Lin
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Shih-Huang Tai
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Che-Chao Chang
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chun Chao
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Miin-Jye Wen
- b Department of Statistics , College of Management, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Huang
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Hung
- c School of Pharmacy , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
| | - E-Jian Lee
- a Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Surgery , National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University , Tainan , Taiwan
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Lanza F. Issue Highlight 2015. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2016; 88:283-5. [PMID: 26226829 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Lanza
- Hematology and Flow Cytometry Unit, University Hospital, via Concordia 1, 26100 Cremona, Italy
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