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Azoulay D, Tapuchi T, Ronen O, Akria L, Cohen HI, Surio C, Chepa SR, Eshel E, Zarfati M, Stemer G, Horowitz NA. Flow-cytometry Assessment of DNA content and Immunophenotyping of Immune-cells in Lymph-node-specimens as a Potential Diagnostic Signature of Aggressiveness in B-Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05807-8. [PMID: 38777843 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Flow-cytometry (FC) is a powerful tool that can assist in lymphoma diagnosis in lymph node (LN) specimens. Although lymphoma diagnosis and classification are mainly based on tumor cell characteristics, surrounding cells are less employed in this process. We retrospectively investigated alterations in the ploidy status, proliferative cell fraction (PF) and the percentages of surrounding immune cells in 62 consecutive LN specimens with B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (B-NHL) that were submitted for FC evaluation between 2019-2022. Compared with indolent B-NHLs, aggressive B-NHLs show increased DNA aneuploidy and PF, increased monocytes, immature-granulocytes, mature granulocytes, CD8+ T-cells, Double-Negative-T-cells and Double-Positive-T-cells, and decreased total CD45+ cells, total lymphocytes, CD4+ T-cells and CD4/CD8 ratio. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined PF > 6.8% and immature-granulocytes > 0.9% as optimal cutoffs with highest specificity and sensitivity in differentiating aggressive and indolent B-NHLs. These findings further strength the diagnostic value of DNA content analysis by FC and suggest the utilization of tumor surrounding immune cells in NHL diagnosis and classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Azoulay
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.
| | - Tal Tapuchi
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Ohad Ronen
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Director Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Luiza Akria
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Hector I Cohen
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Pathology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Celia Surio
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | | | - Elizabeth Eshel
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
| | - Moran Zarfati
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Galia Stemer
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Unit and Laboratories, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Netanel A Horowitz
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Department of Hematology and BMT, Rambam Health Care Campus, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, TechnionHaifa, Israel
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Jiménez C, Garrote-de-Barros A, López-Portugués C, Hernández-Sánchez M, Díez P. Characterization of Human B Cell Hematological Malignancies Using Protein-Based Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4644. [PMID: 38731863 PMCID: PMC11083628 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The maturation of B cells is a complex, multi-step process. During B cell differentiation, errors can occur, leading to the emergence of aberrant versions of B cells that, finally, constitute a malignant tumor. These B cell malignancies are classified into three main groups: leukemias, myelomas, and lymphomas, the latter being the most heterogeneous type. Since their discovery, multiple biological studies have been performed to characterize these diseases, aiming to define their specific features and determine potential biomarkers for diagnosis, stratification, and prognosis. The rise of advanced -omics approaches has significantly contributed to this end. Notably, proteomics strategies appear as promising tools to comprehensively profile the final molecular effector of these cells. In this narrative review, we first introduce the main B cell malignancies together with the most relevant proteomics approaches. Then, we describe the core studies conducted in the field and their main findings and, finally, we evaluate the advantages and drawbacks of flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and mass spectrometry for the profiling of human B cell disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Jiménez
- Hematology Department, University Hospital of Salamanca (HUS/IBSAL), CIBERONC and Cancer Research Institute of Salamanca-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Alba Garrote-de-Barros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-d.-B.); (M.H.-S.)
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos López-Portugués
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Hernández-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.G.-d.-B.); (M.H.-S.)
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H12O-CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Díez
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain;
- Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Li L, Li F, Hu X, Wu Z, Ren W, Wang T, Ji Z, Li N, Gu J, Sun C, Feng X, Han W, Huang J, Lei L. LAP3 contributes to IFN-γ-induced arginine depletion and malignant transformation of bovine mammary epithelial cells. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:864. [PMID: 35941558 PMCID: PMC9358085 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background IFN-γ has been traditionally recognized as an inflammatory cytokine that involves in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Previously we have shown that sustained IFN-γ induced malignant transformation of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) via arginine depletion. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this is still unknown. Methods In this study, the amino acids contents in BMECs were quantified by a targeted metabolomics method. The acquisition of differentially expressed genes was mined from RNA-seq dataset and analyzed bioinformatically. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay were performed to detect gene mRNA and protein expression levels. CCK-8 and would healing assays were used to detect cell proliferation and migration abilities, respectively. Cell cycle phase alternations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The targeted metabolomics analysis specifically discovered IFN-γ induced arginine depletion through accelerating arginine catabolism and inhibiting arginine anabolism in BMECs. Transcriptome analysis identified leucine aminopeptidase 3 (LAP3), which was regulated by p38 and ERK MAPKs, to downregulate arginine level through interfering with argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1) as IFN-γ stimulated. Moreover, LAP3 also contributed to IFN-γ-induced malignant transformation of BMECs by upregulation of HDAC2 (histone deacetylase 2) expression and promotion of cell cycle proteins cyclin A1 and D1 expressions. Arginine supplementation did not affect LAP3 and HDAC2 expressions, but slowed down cell cycle process of malignant BMECs. In clinical samples of patients with breast cancer, LAP3 was confirmed to be upregulated, while ASS1 was downregulated compared with healthy control. Conclusions These results demonstrated that LAP3 mediated IFN-γ-induced arginine depletion to malignant transformation of BMECs. Our findings provide a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer both in humans and dairy cows. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09963-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China
| | - Fengyang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuhong Hu
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China.,Shannan Hospital, Shannan, China
| | - Zengshuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Wenbo Ren
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengchao Ji
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Jingmin Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Changjiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Wenyu Han
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of First Hospital, Jilin University, Xinmin Street 1, Changchun, China.
| | - Liancheng Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Road 5333, Changchun, China.
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Abstract
Objectives: CD43 can be useful in routine flow cytometry. We conducted a systematic review aiming to describe when CD43 is used by flow cytometry in malignant hematology and to determine its value in these settings. Methods: Systematic review of MEDLINE (search 'CD43' AND 'flow cytometry,' starting in 2010). Results: Twenty-one of 103 entries retrieved were included in this systematic review. CD43 is used in three settings: 1) in the classification of mature B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, 2) as part of a strategy to quantify residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 3) to help classify CD10-positive B cell populations. In this section, the published data is summarized, the clinical usefulness in each of these settings is evaluated and illustrative cases are shown. Conclusion: CD43 has a growing role in the diagnosis and management of B cell malignancies; it has become essential for the classification of B cell lymphoproliferative disorders and may be of help in the differential diagnosis of CD10-positive lymphomas by FC. It is also required for optimal quantification of CLL residual disease, which will soon be used to guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sorigue
- Hematology Laboratory, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol, Functional Cytomics- IJC, Universitat Autònoma De Barcelona , Badalona, Spain
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Technique for single-step lymphocyte isolation from an endoscopic biopsy specimen for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal lymphoma. MethodsX 2020; 7:101095. [PMID: 33102158 PMCID: PMC7569335 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.101095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a simplified, one-step procedure for lymphocyte isolation from an endoscopically biopsied fragment. For lymphocyte isolation, an endoscopically harvested specimen and 5 mL of normal saline solution were placed in a wire mesh strainer set in a porcelain bowl. To obtain the lymphocyte suspension, the solid specimen was crushed using the rubber portion of a plunger of a 10 mL injection syringe. Flow cytometry was performed using the lymphocyte suspension. For validating our methods, the one-step lymphocyte isolation technique was used to perform flow cytometry on samples from 23 patients with (n = 12) or without (n = 11) gastrointestinal lymphoma. Flow cytometry of light chain expression was performed in all patient samples (feasibility: 100%). Sensitivity was 83.3% (10/12) and specificity was 100% (11/11). In conclusion, lymphocytes isolated from a single endoscopic biopsy specimen using our simplified and quick procedure are suitable for flow cytometry. Considering that flow cytometry has an important advantage of providing the results on the examination day itself, the results of this study suggest that flow cytometric analysis using our single-step lymphocyte isolation technique can be potentially used to diagnose lymphoma in the gastrointestinal mucosa. We introduce a simplified, one-step procedure for lymphocyte isolation from an endoscopically biopsied fragment. Our technique is feasible for flow cytometric analysis in patients with gastrointestinal lymphoma as well as those with gastrointestinal lesions that are suspected to be lymphoma.
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